Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PharmII > Exam 5 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Why never put anything in ears?

A

PH is affected
⬆️ risk for infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When age⬆️ hearing…

A

⬇️

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ear plugs?

A

No, muffled head phones are preferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s the purpose of cerumen?

A

Protects ear from:
Infection
Objects
Bugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If a bug gets stuck in your ear..

A

Irrigate in clinic

Or

Dark room and flash light= will crawl out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carbamide peroxide

A

OTC
Cerulean emulsifier
Includes glycerin
Release H202 and O2
Foaming = loosing up

Big pieces = gentle flush w water after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bacterias that causes Otitis externa

A

Pseudomonas
Staphylococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of otitis externa

A

Abrasion
Excessive moisture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Otitis externa symptoms

A

Rapid onset ear pain
Pain W movement of auricle
Pruritus
Muffled, impaired hearing
Purulent discharge
Swelling closing off ear opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How to deal with excessive moisture

A

Tilt head
Let drain
Dry outside with a towel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ciprodex

A

Tx: otitis externa
Dexamethasone (steroid)
Ciprofloxacin (abx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Corticosporin Otic

A

Hydrocortisone (steroid)
Neomycin (abx)
Polymyxin B (abx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acetic acid & water drops…

A

Balances PH in ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Never use ear drops in…

A

Eyes! Ever!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ear pulled down and back for ages…

A

3 & ⬇️

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ear pulled up and back for ages…

A

4 & ⬆️

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ear pulled up and back for ages…

A

4 & ⬆️

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Can you put ear drops w ruptured eardrum?

A

No!
Never stick anything into it especially if draining
May cause hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are PE tubes?

A

Pressure equalization tubes
Allows drainage of fluid & bacteria
⬇️ risk of infection
⬇️ pressure/ pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PE tubes➕ otitis media🟰…

A

Topical abx first 3 days

Still pain/fever?
Continue topical abx
Start oral abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

Unable to normally drain aqueous humor
⬆️ intraocular pressure
Eye pain
Retina destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the most common glaucoma

A

Open angle
Yrs to develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How to dx for glaucoma?

A

Check eye pressure
Puff of air to eye
>20 pressure = needs tx for glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Direct acting cholinergic
Tx: glaucoma
Pupil construction
(Force fluid out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Betaxolol

A

Beta blocker
Tx: glaucoma
Most potent
⬇️ aqueous humor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Timolol

A

Beta blocker
Tx: glaucoma
⬇️ aqueous humor
⬆️ outflow of aqueous humor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Tetracaine

A

Used for 👁️ exams
Numbing b4 dilation
Can be mixed W dilation med

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Cyclopentolate

A

Used for 👁️ exam
Dilates pupil
Paralyze ciliary muscle
Stops accommodation= can’t see for 6-8 hrs
Wear protective shades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Atropine

A

Used for 👁️ exam
Dilates pupil
Paralyze ciliary muscle
Stops accommodation= can’t see for 6-8 hrs
Wear protective shades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is cataract?

A

Build up of protein and fiber with the lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are cataract symptoms?

A

Fogged up “window”
Blocks light 💡
Vision difficulty
Poor night vision
Halos around lights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Cataract sx

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Dexamethasone eye drops

A

Post op pain & inflammation
Eyes Inflammatory disorders
Use 3-6 wks post - op
⬇️ immunity
Contact physician for signs of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Artificial tears

A

Murine, tears plus
Lubricate eyes
Used for several months post op

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Antibiotic eye drops

A

⬇️ infection
Used post operatively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Antibacterial ophthalmic drops

A

Gentamyain
Erythromycin
Bacitracin
Ciprofloxacin
Sulfacetamide🚨 sulfa allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

OTC for red eyes

A

visine
visine extra
Clear eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

OTC for lubrication

A

visine extra
Clear eyes
Artificial tears (murine)
Cyclosporine eye drops (restasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

How to apply 👁️ drops

A

l. Wash hands
2. Gloves on 🧤
3. Expose conjunctival sac (press on lower lid)
4. Do not touch 👁️ W bottle tip
5. Pressure on tearducts ( inner corner of eye )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

How many minutes until you can apply a 2nd type of eye drop?

A

5 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

How to apply eye ointment?

A
  1. Wash hands
    2, gloves on 🧤
  2. Expose conjunctival sac (press on lower lid)
  3. half inch 🎀 Ribbon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is Active immunity?

A

Immune bodies actively formed
Have had disease
Bulk of immunizations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is passive immunity?

A

Temporary immunity by immunoglobulins
IVIG
Antitoxins from mother to fetus via placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is herd immunity

A

Majority of community is vaccinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is shingles?

A

Painful
Runs along nerve ending
Within 24 hrs, and repeats
1. Pappule
2. Vesicle
3. Crusting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Herpes zoster vaccine

A

Live attenuated vaccine
Around 50 yrs old
Stored in freezer
Don’t get if you get shingles in the last 3-6 m prior

Contraindications
Neomycin allergy
Gelatin allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine

A

Protect against:
streptococcus pneumonia
bacterial meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Polyvalent for pediatrics

A

Prevnar 13
IM
Works against multiple strains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Polyvalent for adults

A

Pneumovax 23
IM or SC
Works against multiple strains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Influenza A and B

A

1-3 day incubation period
Large droplets
This is the most contagious time period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

When to get the Influenza vaccine

A

Yearly
Top 3 strains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Name the 2 IM influenza vaccines

A

Fluzone

Fluvirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Name the intranasal influenza vaccine and who not to give it to

A

Flumist

Do not give to asthmatics, cancer pt, those constantly sick be they may actually get the Hu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What if pt has an egg allergy& wants to get the flu vaccine?

A

Just a rash = get vaccine
Anaphylaxis = don’t get vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is rabies?

A

Nervous system infection
Fatal brain destruction
Carries on saliva (dead or alive)
Don’t get bite or scratch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Imovax

A

Inactivated Rabies vaccine
Death in 1 week of exposure
Immunize b4 onset of symptoms
Needs to be taken:
day 0, 3, 7,14,28
booster every 2-3 yrs

57
Q

Most common way to check blood type

A

ABO blood type

58
Q

Where is Rhesus (RH) factor found?

A

On red blood cells

59
Q

When & how is Rho (D) Immunoglobulin given to mothers?

A

IM or IV
At 28 wks and within 72 hours postpartum

60
Q

Normal immunization reactions

A

Fever
Site reaction
Redness
Swelling
Warm
Localized pain

Can use cold compress for these

61
Q

NOT normal immunization reactions

A

Hives
Anaphylaxis
Redness up & passed a joint

Allergic to:
Eggs
Horse
Neomycin

62
Q

_____ ______ ______ is managed by the CDC

A

Strategic National stockpile

63
Q

What items does the strategic national stockpile consist of?

A

Antibiotics
Chemical antidotes
Antitoxins
Antiviral agents
Life support medication
IV admin equipment
Airway maintenance supplies
Surgical material

64
Q

Strategic national stockpile

A

Used during declared biological or terrorism incident
Free to the population affected
Push packages available in 12 hrs
Vendor managed inventory available is 24-36 hrs

65
Q

Anthrax

A

White powder
Not person-to-person
Vaccine available
Cutaneous, GI, inhalation

66
Q

How can you get anthrax subcutaneously?

A

Contact w wild or domestic animals, leather, wool
And having a skin opening

67
Q

Why are we concerned for inhaled anthrax?

A

Fatal bacteremia cause:
Hemorrhagic meningitis
Edema of airway
Dysphasia
Fever
Shock
Death
Black lesions

68
Q

Tx for inhaled anthrax?

A

Ciprofloxacin

69
Q

TX for cutaneous anthrax?

A

Doxycycline

70
Q

Tularemia

A

” Rabbit fever “ “deer fly fever”
MOST infectious bacteria
Not person-to-person
Transmitted aerosol through:
skin
mucous membranes
GI tract
lungs

71
Q

Signs and symptoms of tularemia

A

Hemorrhagic inflammation of airway
Headache
Rigors
Sore throat
Pneumonia
Pleuritis
Resp failure
Shock
DEATH

72
Q

TX for tularemia

A

streptomycin
&
gentamicin

73
Q

Bubonic plague

A

Transmitted by: plaque infected flea
NOT person-to-person
Tender, enlarged inflamed lymph nodes

74
Q

What’s the deadlier plague and details?

A

Pneumonic plague.
Aerosol
Transmitted person-to-person
S/s:
Fever
Cough
Dyspnea
Hemoptysis
Resp failure
DEATH

75
Q

What are the tx drugs for the plague?

A

Streptomycin
Gentamycin
Doxycycline (skin)

WITHIN 24 HRS OF SYMPTOMS!!

76
Q

What are smallpox symptoms

A

Person -to-person
Summer disease

Mucus membranes of resp tract
Cough
Fever
Backache
Red spots in mouth
Skin rash leaving pitted scars
Death bc of toxemia

77
Q

How to prevent smallpox?

A

Live Vaccination
Cover site
Notable scar in 3 wks

78
Q

How to tx smallpox?

A

You can’t!
Just supportive care

79
Q

What is the most potent poison known & how does it work?

A

Botulinum toxic
Aerosol
Put in food or water
Blocks release of acetylcholine affects autonomic nervous system

80
Q

Botulinum toxin symptoms

A

Descending flaccid paralysis
Death from paralysis of resp system

81
Q

Botulinum toxin TX

A

Botulinum antitoxin
Supportive care for lungs & GI

82
Q

What is ricin?

A

Cell death due to protein production disruption
Found in castor bean mash

83
Q

What happens if you inhale ricin?

A

Severe inflamed & edematous airway
Resp failure
Bleeding

84
Q

What happens if you ingest ricin?

A

GI hemorrhage
Liver & kidney failure
Resp failure
Bleeding

85
Q

Ricin tx

A

No antidote
Supportive care
Rivax vaccine but still dangerous

86
Q

Mustard gas

A

Chemical blistering agent
Vaporized at high temp
⬇️ Fatality rate

87
Q

Mustard gas tx

A

Soap & cool water shower x 3
Intubate for airway damage

88
Q

What is penetrate zinc trisodium & penetrate calcium trisodium used for?

A

IV or inhaled
Internal contamination of plutonium, americium or curium
Forms chelate to excrete through urine
Treat in first 24 hrs
Take daily for months

89
Q

What/how does Prussian blue work?

A

TX for radioactive cesium and thallium
Forms chelate
Excrete through GI

🚨 constipation🚨 need fiber laxatives and enemas to remove ASAP

90
Q

Dirty bomb

A

Blast = threat, not radiation
Small area
Limited radiation exposure

91
Q

TX for dirty bomb

A

Remove clothes and shower

NO potassium iodide

92
Q

What is concerning about nuclear bombs?

A

Ionizing radiation
Shock wave from explosion
Intense heat, fires
Intense light
Permanent eye damage

93
Q

Nuclear bomb symptoms

A

Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Inflammation
Skin burns
Hair loss
Ulcers in mouth, esophagus & GI
Thyroid or leukemia cancer

94
Q

Nuclear bomb tx

A

Potassium iodide

95
Q

How does potassium iodide work?

A

Block uptake of radioactive iodine
Take within 48 hrs of exposure
Single dose
Only protective to thyroid gland
No rx needed

96
Q

How to apply topical with impetigo

A

Wash hands
Warm wash cloth on rash for a few min
Softly rub off scabbing
Apply topical

97
Q

Topical meds for impetigo

A

Bacitracin (gram➕ skin infections)

Neomycin/ polymyxin B (most widely used OTC topical)

98
Q

Topical med for MRSA

A

Mupiracin
Can apply to nasal mucosa& skin

99
Q

Silver sulfadiazine

A

Tx: burns
Antibacterial
Application: thin layer covering entire burn with sterile gloves

Adverse effect:
Leukopenia in 2-3 days

🚨 call physician it it burns🚨

100
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A

Tx: acne vulgaris
Liberates oxygen on skin
Drying action / peeling
Used BID
4-6 wks for improvement

101
Q

Clindamycin

A

Tx: acne vulgaris, T zone

102
Q

Azelaic acid

A

Tx: acne rosacea

Adverse effects:
Hypopigmentation of dark complicated people

103
Q

Tretinoin

A

Tx: repairs uv radiation damage & fine wrinkles
Vitamin A derivative
light peeling/cell turn over
2-3 wks for improvement
Application: completely dry skin

🚨 can cause birth defect, don’t use while prego🚨

104
Q

Isotretinoin

A

Tx: cystic acne
Slows sebaceous gland activity
TX for 4-5 months
Skin spells after a few days

Adverse effects:
⬆️ triglycerides
Skin/eye dryness and burning
Birth defects

105
Q

What’s iPLEDGE?

A

Computed based risk management program
Goals: female pt not pregnant or risk being pregnant
Monthly appt, check suicide risk
BC 1 month prior to 1 month after
🚨 category X🚨
2 forms of birth control
Pregnancy tests

106
Q

How is isotrenoin ( accutane) deadly to fetus?

A

Thymus gland abnormality
Parathyroid hormone deficiency
Cardiovascular abnormalities
Wide set eyes
Ear abnormalities
Depressed bridge of nose
Enlarge head
Small chin

107
Q

Primary BC form approved for iPLEDGE

A

Tubal sterilization
Partner’s vasectomy
IUD
Hormonal
- combo pills
- skin patches
- shots
- under skin implant
- vag ring

108
Q

Pimecrolimus

A

TX: eczema
Immunosuppressant
⬇️ inflammation by⬇️ local T cells release
Not asteroid su wont cause skin atrophy

109
Q

Coal tar

A

Tx: psoriasis
Antiseptic, antibacterial, antiseborrheic
suppress DNA synthesis&cell proliferation
Topical creams, shampoo&soaps have a bad odor
Adverse effects
Photosensitivity
Staining to skin, clothes and other surfaces

110
Q

Sunscreen needs both ______ & ______ to work

A

Organic & inorganic

111
Q

Organic sunscreen

A

Chemical screen
UVB

112
Q

Inorganic sunscreen

A

Physical screen
UVB & UVA
Reflects light
Titanium dioxide& zinc oxide

113
Q

Time of sunscreen application

A

30 min - 2 hrs b4 going outside
Reapply every 2 hrs
Reapply water/sweat resistant every 40 - 80 min

114
Q

Sunscreen age

A

> 1 month
Recommended for after 6 Mon

115
Q

Sun protection factor (SPF)

A

Protection against UVB not UVA
>15 reduces cancer
Min. 30

116
Q

Lindane for scabies

A

Topical
Wash off 8-12 hrs
Don’t use on kids unless absolutely necessary
🚨Neurotoxic

117
Q

Liane for lice

A

Shampoo
. Wash off after 10 - 15 min
Repeat 9 days later
No conditioner

118
Q

Permethrin

A

Lice (also scabies)
Wash out after 10 - 15 min
Reapply after 9 days
Rinse w water for 48 hrs
No cream rinse or conditioner for 2 wks
Treat bed mates
Nix= damp hair
Rid= dry hair

119
Q

Malathion lotion

A

Cream for lice
Use if permethrin doesn’t work
Rub through all of hair
Dry naturally
Leave on for 8-12 hrs
Rinse

120
Q

Crotamiton

A

Scabies
Not as neurotic
2 applications 24 hrs apart
Bathe 48 hrs after 2nd application

121
Q

Topical Dermatologic med nursing implications

A

Smaller the person, ⬆️ risk for toxicity
Type of med toxicity
Thin layer covering affected area completely
Side effects: burning
🚨Not normal: blistering, large peeling

122
Q

Mebendazole

A

Pin worms
- 1 dose, repeat 2 wks later
Round worm, some tape worms
- I dose for 3 days

Adverse effects
- diarrhea
- Abd pain
- visual disturbances

123
Q

Pyrantel

A

Pinworm, round worm

124
Q

Albendazole

A

Tapeworms

125
Q

Praziquantel

A

Flukes, some tapeworms

126
Q

When are worms an emergency

A

When pt is vomiting
When worms are coming out of mouth, nose or esophagus

127
Q

Anthelmintic nursing implications

A

Know when its an emergency
Stool cultures
Wash hands
Bleach items
Cook meat and fish thoroughly

128
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

Opportunistic infection
Cats are host & eggs in cat feces
Pregnancy & immune suppressed no cat litter

S/s
Cyst
Blindness
Toxicity
Swollen head of infant if pregnant

129
Q

Amebiasis

A

Transmit in contaminated food & water
Resides in intestines
Can migrate to brain

Nettie pots held distilled or boiled water

130
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

STD
Resides in urethra raging, prostate
Men = asymptomatic
Women= vaginitis, soul fish smelling discharge, water drainge

131
Q

Pneumocystosis

A

Opportunistic infection
Cause of PJP ( pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia)
Fatal it left untreated
Risk for cancer & immunocompromised. pt

132
Q

Giardiasis

A

Most common parasitic pathogen
Transmits oral fecal route
Colonize duodenum
Daycare, pools w diapered infants, uncooked or left over food, puppies
Resolves spontaneously in 4 -6 wKs
Problematic recontamination
Symptoms
Bloody diarrhea
vomiting
Abd pain
greasy stools
horrible smell
Needs cultures done

133
Q

Metronidazole

A

Tx: amebiasis, trichumoniasis, giardiasis
eat and drink water
Adverse effects:
headache
dizziness
blurred vision
diarrhea
vomiting
nausea

🚨 No etoh 24hrs b4 and 48hrs after (dehydration&liver damage)🚨

134
Q

Pentamidine

A

TX: PJP
IV, IM , inhalation
Adverse effects
metallic taste
NVD
bronchospasm (via inhalation, given Albuterol)
leukopenia
severe hypotension (lay down flat)

135
Q

Pentamidine

A

TX: PJP
IV, IM , inhalation
Adverse effects
metallic taste
NVD
bronchospasm (via inhalation, given Albuterol)
leukopenia
severe hypotension (lay down flat)

136
Q

Atovaquore

A

Antiprotozoal
PJP

137
Q

Pyrimethamine ➕ sulfadoxine

A

Antiprotozoal
Chloroquine resistant malaria
Toxoplasmosis

138
Q

Iodoquinol

A

Antiprotozoal
Specifically
Giardia
trichomonas
amebiasis

139
Q

Iodoquinol

A

Antiprotozoal
Specifically
Giardia
trichomonas
amebiasis

PharmII (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions