Exam 5 Flashcards
1
Q
when something or someone of value is rendered inaccessible or drastically change
A
loss
2
Q
loss that is identified and recognized by others, actual death of a loved one, item or status
A
actual loss
3
Q
when an individual knows a loss is coming
A
Anticipatory loss
4
Q
a loss related to change that is part of life. This type of loss can be replaced by something different or better
A
Necessary loss
5
Q
any unanticipated loss caused by an external event
A
Situational loss
6
Q
psychological, biological and behavioral responses to a loss
A
grief
7
Q
grief is experienced before that event happens
A
Anticipatory grief
8
Q
when individuals cannot acknowledge their grief to others because it is socially unacceptable
A
Disenfranchised grief
9
Q
where individuals who are unable to process their grief to a point of resolution
A
Complicated grief
10
Q
response to having lost another through death
A
Bereavement
11
Q
processing and resolution of grief, sometimes through cultural and/or spiritual beliefs and practices
A
Mourning
12
Q
1) denial
2) anger
3) bargaining
4) depression
5) acceptance
A
Kubler-Ross Stages of Grief
13
Q
client has difficulty believing in expected or actual loss
A
denial
14
Q
client directs anger toward the self, others, a deity, objects, or the current circumstance
A
anger
15
Q
client negotiates for more time or a cure
A
bargaining
16
Q
client is overwhelmingly saddened by the inability to change the situation
A
depression
17
Q
client acknowledge what is happening and plans for the future by moving forward
A
acceptance
18
Q
more than 6th months
A
complicated grief duration/when it is diagnosed
19
Q
- What is the goal? - the goal is to live fully with an incurable condition
- What does it do? - improve quality of life through symptom relief
- Can you still get treatment? - yes, receiving treatment for the illness or condition is acceptable
- Who is involved? - interdisciplinary team
A
Palliative care
20
Q
- What is it? - It is delivered in variety of settings, it is implemented when the client is not expected to live more than 6 months
- What happens to the medical care? - medical care is going to be stopped
- What does it focus on? - focuses on peaceful and dignified death
A
Hospice care
21
Q
System of moral principles or standards governing behaviors and relationships
- Standards of right and wrong
A
Ethics
22
Q
○ Sadness
○ Guilt
○ Yearning
○ Anger
○ Regret
○ Sleep disturbances
○ Loss of appetite
○ Difficulty concentrating
○ Somatic complaints - where you will experience chest pain, palpitations, headaches, nausea, fatigue
A
signs of normal grief
23
Q
○ Sadness
○ Anger
○ Loneliness
○ Guilt
○ Anxiety
○ Fear
○ Fatigue
○ Poor concentration
A
signs of anticipatory grief
24
Q
○ Suicidal ideations
○ intense feelings of guilt, self-blame
○ Cannot accept the persons death
○ Persistent, need to find the deceased person
○ Anger
○ Difficulty participating in new and different activities
○ Self-isolation
○ Being distrustful to others
○ Experiencing auditory hallucinations
○ Thinking about the past excessively
○ Depression
A
signs of complicated grief
25
Abnormally lowered mood
Depression
26
Abnormally elevated mood
Mania
27
Immediate, observable emotions
Affect
28
Assisting the patient in development of:
- Self-efficacy
- Self-awareness
- Confidence
- Coping skills
- Health literacy
Advocacy empowers by...
29
the act or process of support, defending, or assisting in another’s cause
Advocacy
30
Personal beliefs about truth and worth of behaviors, thought, objects
Values
31
Interpretations or conclusion that one accepts as true
Beliefs
32
"a patient with heart disease who values hard work ignores the advice to exercise regularly" is an example of...
Ignoring health professional advice - behavior of unclear values
33
"a pregnant women says she wants a healthy baby but continues to drink alcohol and smoke tobacco" is an example of...
Inconsistent communication or behavior - behavior of unclear values
34
"a man with obesity repeatedly seeks help for back pain but does not lose weight" is an example of...
Numerous admissions to a health agency for the problem - behavior of unclear values
35
Concern for the welfare and wellbeing of others
Altruism
36
How will the nurse show altruism?
The nurse will show concern for the welfare of the patient's, other nurses, and other healthcare providers
37
Right to self-determination
Autonomy
38
How will the nurse show Autonomy?
The nurse respects patient's rights to make decisions about their healthcare
39
Inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations
Human dignity
40
How will the nurse show human dignity?
The nurse will respect and value all patients and colleagues and show respect to human dignity
41
acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice
integrity
42
How will the nurse show integrity?
The nurse will be honest and provide care based on the ethical framework that is accepted in the profession
43
Upholding of justice or what is a fair on a social scale
Social Justice
44
How will the nurse show social justice?
The nurse will act according to the social justice by treating all patients equally without regard to economic status, ethnicity, age, gender, religion, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation
45
Holding yourself and other accountable
Accountability
46
The actions one takes should promote good; it is the basic obligation to assist others
Beneficence
47
Do no harm
Non-maleficence
48
All patients treated fairly in accordance with honor, standards or law
Justice
49
Always be truthful
Veracity
50
Being faithful to agreements and promises
Fidelity
51
Guide for profession's memberships, social contract with public that is serves
Code of ethics
52
- American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics for Nurses
- International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics
Two types of nursing code of ethic organizations
53
Service that focuses on health promotion and illness prevention
Primary prevention
54
the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health
Health Promotion
55
it is more cost effective to promote health in order prevent disease than to treat disease
benefit of health promotion
56
- provide education
- evaluate/screen patients to identify prevention opportunities (immunizations)
- promoting wellness
how nurses can promote health
57
"Community day that promotes healthy eating and exercise" is an example of...
Primary prevention
58
Service that focuses diagnosis and treatment of disease
Secondary prevention
59
"Dental and vision screenings" are example of...
Secondary prevention
60
Service that focuses on the restoration of health following an illness or accident
Tertiary Prevention
61
Rehab and palliative care is services part of....
Tertiary prevention
62
"Rehabilitation after orthopedic surgery" is an example of
tertiary prevention
63
1. Gaining entry into healthcare system
2. Getting access to sites of care where client can receive needed services
3. Finding providers with whom client can communicate, develop trusting relationship, have individual needs met
Healthy people 2020 3 steps in accessing healthcare
64
individuals that does not have any healthcare coverage
Uninsured
65
- someone who does not qualify for public health insurance programs
- someone who cannot afford to buy health insurance
- someone who's cannot afford to buy health insurance through their job
Reasons people are uninsured
66
individuals who are covered but their insurance plan is insufficient to meet their needs
Underinsured
67
allows a nurse the legal privilege to practice nursing as defined in each states Nurse Practice Act
Licensure
68
allows a nurse to have single license that confers the privilege to practice in other states
Nurse compact licensure
69
sum total of the rules and regulations by which a society is governed
Law
70
made by any legislative branch of the government
Statutory Law
71
policies and procedures created by administrative agencies to implement and enforce statutory laws
Administrative laws
72
defines conduct that is harmful to another individual or society as a whole
Criminal law
73
deals with rights and duties of private individuals
Civil Law
74
civil wrong committed against an individual or an individual’s property
Tort
75
the action of creating an apprehension of offensive, insulting or physically injurious teaching
Assault
76
willful touching of another individual that is unwanted, embarrassing or unwarranted
Battery
77
unjustifiable detention of a person without legal warrant to confine the person
False imprisonment
78
information concerning clients is confidential and may not be disclosed without authorization
Invasion of privacy
79
defamatory statement that is written
Libel
80
defamatory statement that is spoken
Slander
81
conduct that deviates from what a reasonable person would do in a particular circumstance
Negligence
82
an individual who engages in an activity requiring special skills, education, training or licensure, the standard by which his or her conduct is measured is the conduct of a reasonably skilled, competent and experienced individual who is a qualified member of the group authorized to engage in that activity
Professional negligence or malpractice
83
- Malpractice is conduct that deviates from the standard of practice.
- Client must be owed a duty
- Breach of duty by omission or commission
- Element of foreseeability must be present
- Client must have been harmed
- Causation of harm is linked to breach of duty
Elements of malpractice
84
Immobile client cannot turn and reposition themselves. We have a duty to turn and reposition the client. If we breach that duty, or fail to perform the action, we can foresee the client getting tissue injuries. The tissue injury is directly linked to the breach of duty by us not turning and repositioning the client.
Example of Malpractice
85
rights of individuals to keep their personal information from being disclosed
Privacy
86
assurance that the client's private information will not be disclosed without the client’s consent
Confidentiality
87
Appropriate
moderate affect
88
extreme reactions to a situation
reactive affect
89
reduced or minimal response
blunted affect
90
no visible cues to emotion
flat affect
91
culture determines...
appropriateness of mood
92
- Depressed mood
- Anxiety
- Fatigue/changes in sleep
- psychomotor retardation
- Loss of interest (anhedonia)
- feels worthless, hopeless, guilt, apathy
Signs and symptoms of depression
93
- loss of energy
- lack of appetite
- Poor hygiene
Physical symptoms of depression
94
Reynolds child depression scale is used for...
Detection of depression in children
95
Client safety is #1 intervention for....
Clients with depression
96
- Talking about killing or harming one's self
- Calling or visiting people to say goodbye
- Expressing strong feelings of hopelessness or being trapped
Warning signs of suicide
97
- suicide prevention measures
- let patient express their feelings
- use calm reassuring approach
- teach calming measures like deep breathing
interventions to help a client with depression
98
eustress
another way to say positive stress
99
distress
another way to say negative stress
100
aimed at managing or alternating the stressor, event, or circumstance
problem-focused coping
101
directed at the emotional response to the distress
emotional-focused coping
102
use both behaviors and cognitive processes to avoid the stressor
avoidance coping
103
confronting and trying to change the stressor by taking direct action
approach coping
104
involves re-evaluation to reduce the appraisal of a threat
meaning-focused coping
105
- headaches
- heartburn
- rapid breathing/pounding heart/shaking
- teeth grinding
- High blood pressure/increase risk of a heart attack
- High blood sugar
- tense muscles
- stomach ache
- insomnia
- weakens immune system
Sign and symptoms of stress
106
- fertility issues
- erectile dysfunction
- low sex drive
- missed periods
Stress effects on reproductive system
107
- exercise
- mediation
- writing feelings down in a journal/talk about feelings
- deep breathing exercises
- healthy diet
Coping strategies
108
- Ability to calming yourself down and cheering yourself up
- ability to manage emotions in a healthy way
- skills to help face your fears
coping skills
109
- Mood swings
- irritability
- feeling overwhelmed
emotional stress sign and symptoms
110
Excessive use of force against other individuals of oneself, often resulting in physical or psychological injuries or death
Trauma
111
intimate partner uses threatening, manipulative, aggressive, or violent behavior to maintain power and control over another person
Domestic abuse
112
- elder abuse
- domestic abuse (intimate partner abuse)
- Physical
- sexual
- emotional
- neglect
- abandonment
- financial
Trauma risk for older adults
113
Physical, neglect, sexual abuse, emotional abuse
Trauma risk for newborns to adult
114
Report to child protective services
When you have suspicion of a child being abused
115
Report to adult protective services
When you have suspicion of a elderly person being abused
116
You cannot report this without consent, you can however assess it
Domestic violence
117
- Malnutrition/constant hunger
- unattended medical/hygiene needs
- Bruises/welts/burns
- constant falls/pain with an unknown reason
- giving money to a random person #scammer
Signs of elder abuse
118
- chronic fatigue
- injuries due to an unknown cause
- depression
- fear of partner/automatic submission
- poor self-esteem
signs of domestic violence
119
- extreme behavior (behavioral/emotional problems)
- fractures in different healing stages
- bruises/welts
- wary of physical contact w adults
Signs of child abuse
120
- untreated diaper rash
- fractures in different healing stages
- shaken baby syndrome
signs of infant abuse
121
physiological process of dependence as well as psychological need to seek substance
Addiction
122
physiological need for substance that client cannot control resulting in tolerance
Dependence
123
* Impulsive risk taking in adolescents
* Low tolerance for frustration, pain of developmental, situational stressors
* Engaging in antisocial, risky behaviors
* Tendency toward anxiety, anger, low-self-esteem
Common behaviors of addicts
124
Benzos and alcohol
2 substances that must be monitored by healthcare professionals
125
- slowed/no breaking (dyspnea)
- constricted pupils
- bradycardia (slow hr)
- sleepy
Signs and symptoms of opioid overdose
126
give them naproxen
how can you correct opioid overdose
