Exam 4 (Vocab)

Question 1

Neolithic period

Answer 1

The transition from a nomadic hunter-gatherer existence to a sedentary one based on farming began around 7000 BCE

Question 2

Oracle bone

Answer 2

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Question 3

Piece-mold casting

Answer 3

produce a fully detailed clay model of the vessel, and after it has dried and hardened, press pieces of soft clay against it to create a negative mold of its shape and decorations. when dry, the mold was removed in sections, touched up, and fired to give it greater strength. ducts are cut to receive molten bronze and release gases as the bronze was poured into the cast

Question 4

Taotie

Answer 4

varieties of ogre or monster masks formed by the conjunction of two profile faces with prominent beady eyes. used to decorate Shang bronze vessels

Question 5

Confucianism

Answer 5

moral philosophy that guides individuals’ public life; harmony with society

Question 6

Daoism

Answer 6

“The Way,” provided important principles to guide their private or spiritual life
General term for the animistic beliefs that lie at the core of the Chinese understanding of the world and that seek an intuitive balance with nature.

Question 7

Mingqi

Answer 7

“spirit utensils” objects that are thought to hold or be the equivalent to the spirits of living things

Question 8

Lacquer

Answer 8

made from the sap of the Chinese tree Rhus verniciflua, is a clear, varnish-sealant; will make wood, textiles, and other perishable materials airtight, waterproof, and resistant to heat and acid

Question 9

Qi

Answer 9

energy that flows through landscape, people, and all things

Question 10

Feng shui

Answer 10

“wind and water” Daoist belief that people and nature are linked in an invisible dialogue; certain “dragon lines” of energy (qi) flowing along the surface of and within the earth are believed to have the power to influence the lives of people near them

Question 11

Literati

Answer 11

scholars who do not work for money or fame; they paint for spiritual clarity or understanding; paint for pleasure, and either keep the paintings or give them to friends (painting, poetry, caligraphy = the 3 perfections)

Question 12

Neo-Confucianism

Answer 12

eclectic mix of confucianism, daoism, and chan buddhism

Question 13

Li

Answer 13

underlying principle or idea on which worldly forms are based

Question 14

Porcelain

Answer 14

ceramic material originated in China

Question 15

Cultural Revolution

Answer 15

Period from 1966-1976 initiated by Mao with the help fo the Red Guard (youth that help enforce Mao’s law, with the help of the Red Book). The Red Guard became too powerful, however, and Mao sent these young youth to the countryside for re-education.