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PCOL > Exam 4 Thyroid Hormone > Flashcards

Exam 4 Thyroid Hormone Flashcards

1
Q

graves dx

A

Ab activating thyroid

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2
Q

primary hypothyroid

A

thyroid

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3
Q

secondary hypothyroid

A

pituitary

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4
Q

tertiary hypothyroid

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

protirelin

A

thyroid hormone related drug. sensitive to TSH assay.

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6
Q

thyrotropin alfa

A

thyroid hormone related drug. used in thyroid CA, to stim radioactive iodine uptake

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7
Q

levothyroxine (T4)

A

some metabolized to T3, activates thyroid hormone receptors, feedback inhibits TSH release and or TRH release. Used for replacement, prevent cretinism, after thyroid removal, TSH suppression (reverse goiter).

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8
Q

thionamides general MOA

A

anti-thyroid. inhibition of thyroid peroxidase, inhibition of 5-deiodinase. used for thyrotoxicosis, graves

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9
Q

iodides (KI or Lugols solution) general MOA

A

anti-thyroid. inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking organification/thyroglobulin proteolysis also supplies iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis. used for thyroid store or iodine def.

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10
Q

radioactive iodides

A

taken up by thyroid and irradiates thyroid gland. used for thyrotoxicosis.

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11
Q

adult hypopituitarism

A

caused by tumor or hypophysectomy. causes atrophy of gonads, supp lactation, loss of libido, sensitive to stress, hypoglycemic.

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12
Q

kids hypopituitarism

A

caused by poor dvmt during embryogenesis. causes dwarfism, no sex dvmt, thyroid and adrenal hypoactivity. therapy usually only GH for effect on blood sugar

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13
Q

hyperpituitarism

A

caused by pit tumor. causes acromegaly, goiter, cushings, lactation. treat with sx

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14
Q

PTH

A

primary reg of Ca. secreted when Ca low. expression inhibited by VitD. activates osteoclasts. net increase Ca and decrease phos.

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15
Q

CT (calcitonin)

A

secondary regulator of Ca, produced in thyroid, secreted when Ca high. inactivates osteoclasts. net effect decrease Ca and decrease phos.

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16
Q

VitD

A

net effect increase Ca and increase in phos

17
Q

osteoclast

A

Ca and phos high in plasma

18
Q

osteoblast

A

Ca and phos low in plasma-moving into bone

19
Q

secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

renal failure, use sensipar which lowers PTH

20
Q

calcium acetate, calcium gluceptate/gluconate

A

supp serum Ca. used for any low Ca, tetany or osteoporosis.

21
Q

ergocalciferol, cacliferol, calcitrol, dihydrochysterol

A

supplies agonist for vitD receptor to increase Ca in from gut, decrease secretion in kidney, stim osteoclast and suppress PTH secretions which decreases bone resorption. used for hypoCa, rickets or osteoporosis.

22
Q

cinacalcet (sensipar)

A

increase sensitivity of Ca sensing receptors (CaR) on parathyroid cells that secrete PTH to reduce PTH medication resorption of bone. for hyperCa from parathyroid Ca or secondary hyperparathyroidism d/t CKD.

23
Q

PTH (natpara), teriparatide (forteo)

A

supplies body with PTH agonist which decrease Ca excretion by kidney, stim osteoclast. used for vitD and Ca supplements for hypoparathyroidism. forteo only for osteoporosis

24
Q

hyperCa

A

caused by hyperparathyroid usually tumor, lymphoma that secretes XS vitD. feel tired, thirsty, weak, arryth.

25
Q

Na3PO4, EDTA, sensipar, bisphosphonates, calcitonin, gallium

A

tx hyper Ca

26
Q

osteoporosis

A

Ca or protein leeched from bone. tx with increase in plasma Ca (teriparatide) OR decrease resorption with bisphosphonates, denosuma, calcitonin

27
Q

Pagets Dx

A

abnormal XS bone remodeling. tx with bisphosphonates, calcitonin

28
Q

inhibit bone resorption by raising Ca with

A

supp, vitD, teriparatide

29
Q

inhibit bone resorption by lowering PTH with

A

cinacalcet, gallium

30
Q

inhibit bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclasts with

A

bisphosphonates, calcitonin, denosumab

31
Q

alendronate, risedronate, etidronate, tiludronate, pamidronate, zoledronate, ibandronate sodium

A

inhibit osteoclasts. used for hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, pagets dx.

32
Q

Denosumab

A

binds receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand to prevent activation of RANK, expressed on osteoclasts and activated T&B cells. used for osteoporosis, prevention of skeletal related events with bone mets from solid tumors.

33
Q

Calcitonin

A

inactivate osteoclasts and increases Ca excretion at the kidney through CT receptor. used for pagets dx, hyperCa, osteoporosis.

34
Q

Gallium nitrate

A

pagets dx, Ca related to hyperCa

PCOL (9 decks)

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