EXAM 4 REVIEW

Question 1

Define Allergic rhinitis and provide the side effects

Answer 1

• Allergic rhinits is an inflammatory disorder of the upper respiratory
• S/S include: pruitis, sneezing, congestion from dilation of the nasal blood vessles, rhinorrhea

Question 2

Definition and S/S of asthma

Answer 2

• asthma is the chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory
• s/s: mucus plugging, edema, bronchospasm, smooth mm hypertrophy

Question 3

Drugs used as first-line treatment during an asthma exacerbation

Answer 3

Glucocorticoids

Question 4

Names of beta 2 agonist medications used for asthma therapy

Answer 4

Inhaled short-acting
Albuterol & levalbuterol

Inhaled long-acting
Salmeterol & Formoterol

Question 5

what is the MOA of all Glucocorticoids

Answer 5

• has an anti-inflammatory reponse
• blocks histamine

Question 6

names of drugs and Adverse effects of antitussive medications

Answer 6

• codeine, hydrocodone
• adverse effects:
• repiratory depression, sedation, addiction, n//v

Question 7

MOA, drug names, therapeutic uses, side effects and patient education for oral antihistamines

Answer 7

• diphenhydramine
• fexofenadine
• loratadine
• used for allergic rhinits
• blocks histamine & acts as an anti-histamine response
• side effects: anti-cholinergic effect
  ( dry mouth, nose, eyes)
• Diphenhydramine can cause urinary retention, constipation and sedation
• drink fluids to help with constipation
• avoid alcohol consumption and careful with CNS depressants

Question 8

MOA, drug names, therapeutic uses, side effects, and patient education for decongestants

Answer 8

• phenylephrine (oral)
• oxymetazoline (intranasal)
• pseudoephedrine (intranasal)
• used for nasal congestion
• sprays should not be used for longer than 2-3 days and cause HA, nasal irritation/ dryness
• oral version can have more systemic effects and is less potent
• decongestants can increase pt. bp and cause palpations