Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physical Science > Exam 4 PS > Flashcards

Exam 4 PS Flashcards

1
Q

on which temperature scale is 0 degrees the freezing point of water?

A

Celsius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

when you place a sealed can of air on a hot stove air in the can undergoes an increase in

A

all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which has a greater specific heat capacity; the filling of a hot piece of pie or the crust?

A

the filling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if a room is cold it is usually due to the

A

lack of adequate thermal energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the fact that a thermometer “takes its own temperature” illustrates

A

thermal equillibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

as a system becomes more disordered, entropy

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the motion of atoms and molecules that most affects temperature is

A

translational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when the temperature of a quantity of 0C air at constant pressure is lowered by 1 degree its volume

A

shrinks by 1/273

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

thermal energy is measured in

A

any or all of the above for special cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

at absolute zero a substance has

A

no more energy to give up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

entropy is most closely related to the

A

second law of thermodynamics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

whether one object is warmer then another object has most to do with molecular

A

kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

if the same quantity of heat is added to both a 2 liter and a 4 liter container of water the temperature change in the 4 liter will be

A

less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what temperature scale has the smallest degrees

A

Farenheit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

an entropy in a system increases, energy within the system

A

becomes less ordered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when work is done by a system and no heat is added, the temperature of the system

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

heat is thermal energy that matter

A

transfers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the lowest possible temperature is

A

-273 C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when you rapidly stir raw eggs with an egg beater their temperature

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

leaving a hot oven door open in a closed room on a cool day

A

increases room temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a kg of 40C water and a kg of 20C water after being mixed have a temperature of 30C however the final temperature of a 1 kg iron block at 40C placed into 1 kg of water at 20C is

A

less than 30C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

white hot sparks from a firework sparkler that strike your skin don’t cause injury because

A

the energy per molecule is high but the total energy transferred is small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

when you place a sealed can on air on a hot stove air in the can undergoes an increase in

A

all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of vibrations and rotations have

A

high specific heat capacities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1C requires
50 calories
26
if the same quantity of heat is added to both a 1 liter and a 2 liter container of water the temperature change in the 1 liter container will be
greater
27
the specific heat capacity if aluminum is more than twice that of copper place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the wire to heat up quickest will be
copper
28
which law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the conservation of energy as it applies to thermal systems
first law
29
when Paul compresses air with a tire pump, the temperature of the compressed air
increases as work is done on it
30
a substance that heats up relatively quickly has a
low specific heat capacity
31
which law of thermodynamics states that no system can reach absolute zero
third law
32
room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about
300 K
33
after an apple pie is taken from an oven, the pie filling is hotter than the crust due to
water in the filling that better retains thermal energy
34
the moderate temperature of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with waters
high specific heat capacity
35
San Francisco Chef Manual rates the energy content of foods in units of
Calories
36
the temperature of water rises when 2 calories are added it will rise the same when
8.38 J are added
37
hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation, which indicates that the specific heat capacity of sand is
less than for plants
38
to say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water
all of the above
39
thermal energy will flow in a direction from cold to hot
only with external effort
40
compared to a giant iceberg a hot cup of coffee has
less thermal energy at higher temperature
41
the direction of natural processes is from states of
higher order to lower order
42
the motion of particles that contribute to thermal energy are
all of the above
43
the acceleration of a rocket increases as it travels upward from the ground mainly because
the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned
44
an archer shoots and arrow if the action force is the bowstring on the arrow the reaction is the
arrows push on the bowstring
45
how many forces act on the upwardly tossed coin when it gets to the top of its path
one the force due to gravity
46
if you carry a heavy bag of groceries and bang your head against the wall the concept that best explains why your hand hurts is
inertia
47
a jumbo jet of mass 100,000 kg during takeoff experience a thrust for each of its four engines of 50,000 N producing an acceleration of
2 m/s2
48
a heavy block at rest is suspended by a vertical rope. when the block is accelerated upward by the rope, the rope tension
is greater than its weight
49
a quick jerk on a sheet of paper beneath a box a cereal doesn't topple the box, which best illustrates that
the box has inertia
50
a skydiver who weighs 500N reaches terminal velocity at 90 km/h the air resistance on the skydiver is
500 N
51
when dishes remain on a table when you yank the tablecloth beneath them you're demonstrating
inertia
52
action and reaction forces are parts of
a single interaction
53
if your automobile runs out of fuel while driving the engine stops. you don't come to an abrupt stop because of
inertia
54
inertia is defined as a
property of matter
55
when an apple that weighs 1 N is held at rest above your head the net force on the apple is
0 N
56
the acceleration of a rocket increases as it travels upward from the ground mainly because
the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned
57
a 10 kg block is pushed across a friction free horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N the acceleration on the block is
2 m/s2
58
when a falling object has reached its terminal velocity its acceleration is
zero
59
a Mack truck and a mini Cooper traveling at the same speed collide head on the collision force is greater on the
same on both
60
for a falling ball the action force is the pull of earth on the ball the reaction force is the
pull of the ball on earth
61
a ball rests in the middle of the cart when you quickly jerk the cart forward the ball
hits the back of the cart
62
a ball is thrown vertically into the air. Because of air resistance its time coming down compared to its time going up is
more
63
a force of 1 N accelerates a 1 kg mass at 1 m/s2 the acceleration of a 2 kg mass acted upon by a force of 2 N is
the same
64
a 1000 kg car accelerates at 2 m/s2 what is the net force exerted on the car
2000 N
65
a ball is thrown vertically upward. at the top of its vertical path its velocity of
0 m/s
66
when you toss a coin straight up it moves upward, turns around, and drops during all this time the acceleration of the coins is
downward and constant
67
newtons second law focuses on
acceleration
68
a martial arts person breaks a board with a blow of 3000 N the force that acts on the hand is
3000 N
69
a clerk can lift containers a vertical distance of 1 m or roll them up a 2 m long ramp to the same elevation with the ramp the applied force needed is
half as much
70
the impulse momentum relationship is a direct result of
newtons second law
71
while driving down the highway a love bug spatters onto your windshield which experiences the greater force of impact
both the same but with different consequences
72
what is the mass of a ball moving at 3 m/s with a momentum of 48 kg m/s
16 kg
73
what is produced by the process of electrolysis
hydrogen and oxygen
74
whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts work involves the
distance that a force acts
75
the greater efficiency achieved with the curved blades of a peloton wheel is due to
bouncing
76
an object lifted 10 m gains a certain amount of potential energy if it is lifted 20 m its gain in potential energy is
twice as much
77
the distinction between impulse and force involves the
time the force acts
78
a 5000 kg freight car crashes into a 10000kg freight car at rest they couple on collision and move with a speed of 2 m/s what was the initial speed of the 5000 kg freight car?
6 m/s
79
a car that travels twice as fast as another car when braking to a stop will skid
four times as far
80
when a boxer moves into an oncoming punch the force experienced is
increased
81
a boxer punches a sheet of paper in midair from rest to a speed of 40 m/s in 0.05 s if the mass of the paper is 0.01 kg the force of the punch on the paper is
8 N
82
a ball rolling down an incline has its maximum potential energy at
the top
83
when you simultaneously drop a light tennis ball and a heavy bowling ball they hit the floor
at the same speed
84
what is the speed of a 6 kg ball with a momentum of 72 kg m/s
12 m/s
85
a 2 kg mass that weighs 20 N has 40 J of potential energy relative to the ground what is the height
2 m
86
in raising a 5000 N piano with a pulley system for every 1 m of rope pulled down the piano rises 0.1 m ideally this means the force needed to lift the piano is
500 N
87
a 1 kg ball dropped from a height of 2 m rebounds only 1.5 m after hitting the ground the amount of energy converted to head is about
more than 2 J
88
when Peter tosses a egg against a sagging sheet the egg doesn't break due to
neither of these
89
whether a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall the stopping force
greater with the brick wall
90
the conservation of momentum is most closely related to newtons
third law
91
compared with falling on a wooden floor a wine glass may not break when it falls on the carpeted floor because of
longer time to stop
92
a melon is tossed straight upward with 100 J of kinetic energy if air resistance is negligible the Melin will return to its initial level with a kinetic energy of
100 J
93
a piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy bowling ball initially at rest after the putty sticks to the ball both move with a combined momentum of
1 unit
94
a shopping cart moves with a kinetic energy of 40 J if it moves at twice the speed its kinetic energy is
160 J
95
Bronco speed increases after he dives from a hovering helicopter relative to an observer in the helicopter bronco momentum
also increases

Physical Science (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions