Exam 4 Material

Question 1

Fibroblasts

Answer 1

Flat, irregular shaped cells. Can see the nucleolus

Question 2

Extracellular Matrix

Answer 2

Non-living material, consistency varies depending ont he composition, can be gel-like, fluid or hard

Question 3

Extracellular Protein Fibers

Answer 3

Includes; Collagen Fibers, Elastic Fibers, and Retiular Fibers

Question 4

Collagen Fibers

Answer 4

most abundant protein, long, unbranched white fibers (stained for viewing), can be thick and tough- packaged in bundles

Question 5

Elastic Fibers

Answer 5

Long, thin, yellow fibers (stained purple or black), can stretch up to 150% of its relaxed length

Question 6

Reticular Fibers

Answer 6

Fine collagen network

Question 7

Lose (Areolar) Functions

Answer 7

binds epithelial tissue, binds skin to body, space defense against infection

Question 8

Lose (Areolar) Locations

Answer 8

Surrounds capilaries and organs and underlies most epthelia

Question 9

Lose (Areolar) Fibers

Answer 9

Collagen and Elastic Fibers in lose arrangement

Question 10

Lose (Areolar) Ground Substance

Answer 10

Colorless, sticky, gel-like

Question 11

Lose (Areolar) Cells

Answer 11

Lots of fibroblasts, wide assortments of other cells

Question 12

Dense (Both Types) Function

Answer 12

Protects, supports, and attaches

Question 13

Dense (Both Types) Fibers

Answer 13

Thightly packed collagenous fibers, some elastic fibers

Question 14

Dense (Both Types) Cells

Answer 14

Very few cells, only has fibroblasts

Question 15

Dense Regular Function

Answer 15

Connections arranged in one direction, used to connect bone to bone and bone to muscle, not very flexible in other directions

Question 16

Dense Regular Locations

Answer 16

Found in ligaments and tendons

Question 17

Dense Irregular Function

Answer 17

Arranged in multiple directions, protection and support, binds components of skin together, resistant to stress from all direction, not very flexible.

Question 18

Dense Irregular Locations

Answer 18

Dermis of the skin (lower part), scar tissue, and protective coverings around the heart and other organs

Question 19

Adipocytes

Answer 19

Fat Storage, abundant nerve and blood supply

Question 20

Adipocytes Function

Answer 20

Stores fat for energy, good for insulation, protective cushion for joints and organs

Question 21

Adipocytes Locations

Answer 21

Around kindeys, heart, and joints, subcutaneous layer below dermis of skin

Question 22

Adipocytes Fibers

Answer 22

All three types (Elastic, Colleagen, and Reticular)

Question 23

Adipocytes Ground Substance

Answer 23

colorless, not much

Question 24

Adipocytes Cells

Answer 24

Adipocytes (adipose cells) large cells full of fat in living tissue.

Question 25

Adipose Cells

Answer 25

large, globular cells in adipose tissue, nucleus pushed to the edge, signet ring appearance

Question 26

Chondrocytes

Answer 26

Cartilage Cells

Question 27

Osteocytes

Answer 27

Bone Cells

Question 28

Blood Cells

Answer 28

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Question 29

Defense Cells (not in blood) Macrophages

Answer 29

eats bacteria and old cells

Question 30

Defense Cells (not in blood) Mast Cells

Answer 30

Produce histamine in inflammation

Question 31

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 31

enclosed by perichondrium (vascular), Chondroblasts, Chondrocytes, refractive index of fibers is same as the matrix. You cannot see the collagen

Question 32

Hyaline Cartilage Function

Answer 32

Resists compression and a good shock absorber

Question 33

Hyaline Cartilage Location

Answer 33

over ends of long bones in many joints, respiratory tract, connections between ribs and sternum

Question 34

Elastic Cartilage

Answer 34

Very similar to Hyaline Cartilage except it has lots of elastic fibers in matrix (looks black). Chondrocytes are typically closer together and larger than hyaline.

Question 35

Elastic Cartilage Function

Answer 35

resists compression, absorbs shock, maintains shape after twisting/deforming

Question 36

Elastic Cartilage Location

Answer 36

ears and nose

Question 37

Fibrocartilage

Answer 37

Chondrocytes are typically arrange in rows, separated by coarse collagen fibers, strongest type of fibers

Question 38

Fibrocartilage Function

Answer 38

Protection, absorbs shock, found where great pressure is applied to joints

Question 39

Fibrocartilage Location

Answer 39

vertebral disks, meniscus of knee

Question 40

Bone (Both Types)

Answer 40

osseous connective tissue

Question 41

Bone (Both Types) Fibers

Answer 41

Collagen

Question 42

Bone (Both Types) Ground substance

Answer 42

Calcified (hard)

Question 43

Bone (Both Types) Cells

Answer 43

Osteocytes

Question 44

Bone (Both Types) Functions

Answer 44

Support and protection, muscle attachment, and blood cell formation (bone marrow)

Question 45

Long Bone

Answer 45

Spongy bone is on the ends, calcified bone is in the shaft

Question 46

Osteon

Answer 46

Found in the bone and looks like tree rings

Question 47

Haversian Canal

Answer 47

Surrounds nerve and blood vessels

Question 48

Lamellae

Answer 48

Surrounds the Haversain Canal

Question 49

Canaliculi

Answer 49

Canals between the lacuna of the bone

Question 50

Blood (all 3 types)

Answer 50

specialist cells formed inside bones

Question 51

Red blood Cells (erythrocytes)

Answer 51

contains hemoglobin which binds to oxygen

Question 52

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

Answer 52

protects the body from bacteria, viruses and cancer

Question 53

Platelets (Thrombocytes)

Answer 53

Shed from very large cells, helps blood clot, very tiny dots in the blood vessels