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Abbreviations > Exam 4 Leadership > Flashcards

Exam 4 Leadership Flashcards

1
Q

Ethics

A
  • systematic study of what a person’s conduct and actions should be with regard to self, other human beings, and the environment
  • justification of what is right and good and the study of what a person’s life and relationships should be, not necessarily what they are
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2
Q

Morals

A

values and beliefs held by a person that guide behavior and decision-making

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3
Q

Applied Ethics

A

requires application of normative ethical theory to everyday problems

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4
Q

Moral Indifference

A

an individual questions why morality in practice is even necessary

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5
Q

Moral uncertainty

A

an individual is unsure which moral principles or values apply and may even include uncertainty as to what the moral problem is

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6
Q

Moral distress

A

occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action

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7
Q

Moral outrage

A

when an individual witnesses the immoral act of another but feels powerless to stop it

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8
Q

Moral dilemma

A

being forced to choose between 2 or more undesirable alternatives
- cannot be solved by review of scientific data
- solution will have a profound effect

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9
Q

Utilitarianism (teleological) Theory

A
  • outcome based, what provides the greatest good for the greater number of people
  • ends justify the means, the individual is lost
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10
Q

Deontological Theory

A
  • based on obligation, duty, and what is right or wrong regardless of consequences
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11
Q

utilitarianism framework

A

greatest good for the most people

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12
Q

duty-based reasoning framework

A

duty to do or not do something

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13
Q

rights-based reasoning framework

A

individual have basic rights that should not be interfered with

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14
Q

intuitionist framework

A

each case is weighed on a case by case basis to determine relative goals, duties, and rights

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15
Q

Autonomy

A

self-determination and freedom of choice

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16
Q

Beneficence

A

actions are taken to promote good

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17
Q

Nonmaleficence

A

actions are taken to avoid harm

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18
Q

Paternalism

A

one individual assumes the right to make decisions for another

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19
Q

Utility

A

the good of the many outweighs the needs/wants of the individual

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20
Q

Justice

A

fairness

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21
Q

Veracity

A

obligation to tell the truth

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22
Q

Fidelity

A

keep promises

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23
Q

ANA Code of Ethics Statements 1-3

A

concerned with protecting client’s rights and safety

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24
Q

ANA Code of Ethics Statements 3-6

A

promoting healthy work cultures and self care

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25
Q

ANA Code of Ethics Statements 5&6

A

duty of nurse to self

26
Q

ANA Code of Ethics Statements 7-9

A

nurse’s obligation to society and the profession

27
Q

Traditional problem-solving approach steps

A

problem, data, explore alternatives, evaluate alternatives, select, implement, results

28
Q

Moral decision-making model

A

M- massage the dilemma
O- outline options
R- review criteria and resolve
A- affirm position and act
L- look back, evaluate the decision-making

29
Q

Purpose of Law and Legislation

A

protect patient and nurse

30
Q

Civil Law

A

one individual sues another for money to compensate for a perceived loss
- burden of proof required to be found guilty is a preponderance of the evidence
- monetary damages

31
Q

Criminal Law

A

individual presumed to be innocent unless proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt
- incarceration, death, probation, fines

32
Q

Administrative Law

A

individual is sued by a state or federal government agency assigned the responsibility of implementing governmental programs
- suspension or loss of licensure

33
Q

Ordinary negligence

A

failure to act as a reasonably prudent person or to exercise such care as most people would under the same or similar circumstances

34
Q

Professional negligence (malpractice)

A

failure of a person with professional training to act in a reasonable and prudent manner

35
Q

Reasons Nurses Risk Increased Legal Liability

A
  • More authority and independence in decision making
  • Increased legal accountability for decision making
  • Doing more things that used to be in the realm of medical practice
  • Making more money
  • More are carrying malpractice insurance
36
Q

Malpractice Insurance

A

More authority and independence in decision making
Increased legal accountability for decision making
Doing more things that used to be in the realm of medical practice
Making more money
More are carrying malpractice insurance

37
Q

Standard of Care

A
  • minimum level of expertise that may be delivered to a patient
  • conduct of a reasonably prudent nurse in similar circumstances
38
Q

5 components necessary for professional negligence

A
  1. A standard of care is in place.
  2. There is a failure to meet the standard of care.
  3. Foreseeability of harm must exist.
  4. There must be a provable correlation between care and harm.
  5. Actual patient injury must occur.
39
Q

Stare decisis

A

let the decision stand

40
Q

tort

A

legal wrongs committed against a person or property, that render the person who commits them liable for damages in a civil action

41
Q

respondeat superior

A
  • the master is responsible for the acts of his servants
  • employee causes damages or injuries while working on behalf of their employer
42
Q

vicarious liability

A

employers are now held liable for the nurse’s acts

43
Q

Res Ipsa Loquitur

A

“the thing speaks for itself”

44
Q

Incident Reports and Adverse Event Forms

A
  • records of unusual or unexpected incidents that occur during a client’s treatment
  • considered confidential
  • DO NOT DOCUMENT IN PATIENTS CHART
45
Q

Assault

A

conduct that makes a person fearful and produces a reasonable apprehension of harm

46
Q

Battery

A

intentional and wrongful physical contact with a person that entails an injury or offensive touching

47
Q

Defamation of character/slander

A

spoken harsh words against someone that may not be true

48
Q

False imprisonment

A

physical restraints have led to claims of this

49
Q

Frequent causes of claims against nurses

A
  • inadequate charting
  • inadequate communication about changes in patient conditions
  • leaving potentially harmful items within patient reach
  • unattended patient falls
  • inaccurate counting of operative instruments and sponges
  • misidentifying patients for meds, surgeries, tests
50
Q

Board of Registered Nursing

A
  • protects citizens by
  • RN licensing
  • monitoring of RN educational standards
  • RN continuing education
  • Disciplining RNs
51
Q

Boundaries for Practice are defined in?

A

Nurse Practice Act of each state and by ANA

52
Q

Nurse Practice Act

A
  • legal instrument that defines what the functions of nursing shall be and sets standards for licensure
  • grants a nurse the authority to carry out those functions
  • each state has own
53
Q

Informed Consent

A

patient fully understands risks and possible outcomes

54
Q

Implied Consent

A

physician states in progress notes that patient is unable to sign but treatment is immediately needed and on patients best interest

55
Q

Express Consent

A

witnessing patient’s sign a standard consent form

56
Q

HIPAA

A

protects privacy of health information and improves the portability and continuity of health insurance coverage

57
Q

Good Samaritan Immunity

A
  • a nurse is not liable for injury that occurs as a result of emergency treatment provided that
    1. care is provided at the scene of an emergency
    2. care is not grossly negligent
    3. health care worker does not exceed their training or scope of practice in performing the emergency services
58
Q

Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)

A
  • required health care organizations that received federal funding to provide education for staff and patients on issues concerning treatment and end-of-life issues
  • includes use of advance directives and likely durable power of attorney
59
Q
A
60
Q
A

Abbreviations (1 decks)

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