exam 4 lab

Question 1

Identifying Blood cells

Erythrocytes

Answer 1

• has a bi - concave shape which increases surface area and helps facilitate gas exchange

Question 2

Identifying Blood cells

Neutrophils

Answer 2

Identification: multi-nucleated
Function: first responders to bacterial infections

Question 3

Identifying Blood cells

Eosinphils

Answer 3

Identification: bi-lobed nucleus w/ red-orange granules
Function: fights off parasitic worms

Question 4

Identifying Blood cells

Basophils

Answer 4

Identification: bi-lobed nucleus w/ blue-purple granules
Function: release histamine during inflammatory response

Question 5

Identifying Blood cells

Monocyte

Answer 5

Identification: u-shaped nucleus
Function: phagocytize pathogens and debris as macrophages

Question 6

Identifying Blood cells

Lymphocyte

Answer 6

Identification: large nucleus
Function: produces antibodies, kills tumor cells, control immune responses

Question 7

Elavated number of leukocytes

Elavated number of Neutrophils

Answer 7

There is a bacterial infection

Question 8

Elavated number of leukocytes

Elavated number of Eosinphils

Answer 8

There is a parasitic worm infection or allergic reaction

Question 9

Elavated number of leukocytes

Elavated number of Basophils

Answer 9

There is generalized inflammation

Question 10

Elavated number of leukocytes

Elavated number of Monocytes

Answer 10

There is a bacterial infection

Question 11

Elavated number of leukocytes

Elavated number of Lymphocytes

Answer 11

The infection has been ongoing for at least a week, immune system activated

Question 12

Blood typing

Agglutination

Answer 12

the clumping of RBC’s when the antibody present binds to its corresponding antigens

Question 13

Blood typing

Determining blood type

Answer 13

• if agglutination happens in the serum that is the blood type.
• If the Rh group agglutinates it is (+), if it stays the same it is (-)

Question 14

Blood typing

Mismatched Transfusion

Answer 14

person recieves the wrong blood type, leads to agglutination, causes blood cells to burst, this leads to clogged arties, potentially death

Question 15

Blood typing

Why is the ABO & Rh system used?

Answer 15

they are important for transfusions because they are the main cause of agglutination

Question 16

Blood smear

Sickle cell anemia

identification, causes, & symptoms

Answer 16

Identification: sickle-shaped erythrocytes
Cause: mutation in the hemaglobin beta gene
Symptoms: anemia, organ failure

Question 17

Blood smear

Thalassemia

identification, causes, & symptoms

Answer 17

Identification: translucent blood cells due to lack of hemaglobin
Cause: inherited blood disorder, lack of hemagloblin in each RBC
Symptoms: fatigue, anemia

Question 18

Blood smear

Myeloid leukemia (chronic)

identification, causes, & symptoms

Answer 18

Identification: an excessive amount of white blood cells in the blood
Cause: accumulation of mature white blood cells
Symptoms: Fatigue, frequent infections

Question 19

Blood smear

Malaria (plasmodium)

identification, causes, & symptoms

Answer 19

Identification: shows circular forms within red blood cells
Cause: infection by plasmodium parasites
Symptoms: Fever, chills, anemia

Question 20

Blood smear

What is a vector and what is the vector for Malaria

Answer 20

• a vector is a disease that is transmitted by another host organism
• the vector for malaria is a mosquito

Question 21

Blood smear

What is the term for a disease
that can be transmitted

Answer 21

Communicable or infectious

Question 22

Cardiac muscle tissue

Branching Network

term & purpose

Answer 22

Term: synticium
Purpose: forms a large network to distribute signals from one cell to the other

Question 23

Cardiac muscle tissue

Intercalated discs

term & purpose

Answer 23

Term: Intercalated Discs
Purpose: allow passage of ions and contractile signals to distribute thoughout the heart tissue