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Abnormal psychology > exam 4 flash cards > Flashcards

exam 4 flash cards

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1
Q

Intoxication

A

A cluster of temporary undesirable behavioral or psychological changes that develop during or shortly after the ingestion of a substance .

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2
Q

Symptoms Of “Withdrawal Reaction”

A
  • terrifying visual hallucinations
  • some people see small
  • frightening animals / chasing or crawling on them
  • lose consciousness
  • suffer strokes
  • die
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3
Q

Types Of Depressents

A
  • Alcohol
  • Sedative-hypnotic drugs
  • Opioids
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4
Q

Depressant Symptoms

A

Adictive - like

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5
Q

Culture Most likely To Exhibit Substance Abuse Disorder

A

In the United States, American Indians are much more likely than members of other ethnic or cultural groups to display substance use disorders.Over 23 million people in the United States have a substance use disorder.

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6
Q

Blood Alcohol Level & Symptoms

A

Alcohol concentration of 0.06 - The person may feel relaxed and comfortable
Alcohol concentration of 0.09 - The drinker passes the line into intoxication
Alcohol concentration of 0.55 - The drinker will likely die

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7
Q

Alcohol Use Disorder

A

When people develop a tolerance for alcohol after drinking large amounts regularly and witness withdrawals (making them anxious)

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8
Q

Delirium Tremens (DT’s)

A

A dramatic withdrawal reaction experienced by some people with alcohol use disorder . It consist of confusion , clouded conciousness , and terrifyng visual hallucinations .

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9
Q

Duration Of Delirium Tremens

A

2-3 days

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10
Q

Physical Results Of Chronic Alcoholism

A

Can damage physical health, nutritional patterns, and fetal growth and development

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11
Q

Korsakoff’s Syndrome

A

A disease marked by extreme confusion , memory loss, and other neurological symptoms . People with this syndrome cannot remember the past or learn new information .

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12
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A

A cluster of problems in a child , including low birth weight , irregularities in the hands and face , intellectual deficits , caused by excessive alcohol intake by the mother during pregnancy .

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12
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A

A cluster of problems in a child , including low birth weight , irregularities in the hands and face , intellectual deficits , caused by excessive alcohol intake by the mother during pregnancy .

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13
Q

Barbiturate

A

One group of sedative - hypnotic drugs that reduces anxiety and helps produce sleep .

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14
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

The most common group of antianxiety drugs , which include valium and xanax .

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15
Q

What causes a “ High” Of A Narcotic ?

A

a series of chemical changes within and between neurons that leads to feelings of pleasure and pain relief.

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16
Q

Physical Symptoms Of Heroin Withdrawals

A

Early stages : anxiety , restlessness , sweating , and rapid breathing
Later stages : severe twitching , aches , fever , vomiting , loss of appetite , high blood pressure , and weight loss up to 15 pounds

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17
Q

Symptoms Of Cocaine Abuse

A

Addictive , Build tolereance needing bigger doses , and withdrawals

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18
Q

Freebasing

A

A technique for ingesting cocaine in which the pure cocaine basic alkaloid is chemically separated from processed cocaine , vaporized by heat from a flame , and inhaled with a pipe .

19
Q

Amphetamines

A

Stimulant drugs that are manufactured in the laboratory .

20
Q

Types Of Amphetamines

A

Benzedrine ,dexedrine , and methedrine

21
Q

Stimulant

A

Drugs that increase the activity of the central nervous system (CNS); in blood pressure, heart rate, and alertness; and behavior and thinking .

22
Q

Types Of Stimulants

A

Cocaine , Amphetamines ,Caffeine , and nicotine

23
Q

Symptoms & Dangers Of LSD

A

Symptoms : hallucinate - seeing people , objects , or forms that are not actually present . Also causes one to hear more clearly ,feel tingling or numbness in the limbs , and confuse sensations of hot and cold .
Dangers : any dose can produce enormous emotional ,and behavioral reactions . they can be extremely unpleasant a so called “bad trip” some may even injure themselves .

24
Q

Symptoms & dangers Of Ecstasy

A

Symptoms : feeling of being high , the user feels relaxed , happy , and not concerned about food , sex , or bodily needs , and hallucinations .
Dangers : Immediate psychological problems , Significant memory and cognitive impairment , Physical symptoms, Increased heart rate and blood pressure, Reduced sweat production, Potential liver damage .

25
Q

Symptoms & Dangers Of Marijuana

A

Symptoms : feeling of joy and relaxation . some maybe quiet or talkative and some maybe anxious , irritated , or suspicious .
Dangers :
Physical symptoms : redness of the eyes , increase in blood pressure and appetite , dryness in the mouth , and dizziness.
Dangers : It can occasionally cause panic reactions where smokers fear that they are losing their minds . Also lung disease (cancer) , and problems with the human reproduction system .

26
Q

Behavioral Explanation Of Addiction

A 
Operant Conditioning (key roll ) - Rewarding effects may  lead users to try higher doses or more powerful methods of ingestion .
Classical Coditioning - Objects present at the time drugs are taken may act as classically conditioned stimuli and come to produce some of the pleasure brought on by the drugs themselve
27
Q

Nuerotransmitters and the “ Pleasure Pathway”

A

One of the reasons drugs produce feelings of pleasure is because they increase levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine along a “pleasure pathway” in the brain that extends from and then to the frontal cortex .

28
Q

Features Of Alcoholics Anonymous

A

Part of the socialcultural approach . A self-help group whose members discuss alcohol related problems , trade ideas , and provide support .

29
Q

Paraphilia

A

Patterns in which a person has recurrent and intense sexual urges , fantasies , or behaviors involving nonhuman objects , children , nonconsenting adults , or experiences suffering or humiliation .

30
Q

Hypoactive Sexual Desire

A

A male dysfunction marked by a presistent reduction of interest in sex and hence a low level of sexual activity .

31
Q

Difference Between Sexual Dysfunction & Paraphilia

A

For at least 6 months, individual repeatedly experiences few or no sexual thoughts, fantasies, or desires and Paraphilic disorders are more characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving certain activities or situations.

32
Q

Effects Of Testosterone & Estrogen

A

A low level of the male hormone (testosterone) and either a low or high level of the female hormone (estrogen) can lead to low sex drive

33
Q

Possible Causes Of Sexual Aversion Or Hypoactive Sexual Desire

A

Biological causes such as hormones , psychological causes such as anxiety , depression , or anger , and sociocultural causes such as a divorce or a death in the family .

34
Q

Causes Of Erectile Dysfunction

A

Biological cause - Hormonal imbalances , Vascular problems , or any condition that reduces blood flow into the penis .
Psychological causes - Depression , worrying instead of relaxing .
Sociocultural causes - losing their jobs and under financial stress .

35
Q

Dyspareunia & Symptoms

A

A penetration disorder that does not contain involuntary contractions of the vagina muscle but women do experience severe vaginal or pelvic pain during sexual intercourse

36
Q

Causes Of Dyspareunia

A

Child birth can cause pelvic pain for up to a year during intercourse , pelvic disease , tumors , cysts , the rubbing with condoms , and penis colliding with remaining parts of the hymen .

37
Q

Individuals Who Revolutionized Treatment Of Sexual Dysfunction

A

William Masters & Virginia Johnson

38
Q

Fetishism

A

includes recurrent intense sexual urges, sexually arousing fantasies, or behaviors involving use of a nonliving object or none genital part, often to the exclusion of all other stimuli, accompanied by clinically significant distress or impairment.

39
Q

Transvestic Disorder

A

Characterized by fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving dressing in the clothes of the opposite sex in order to achieve sexual arousal.

40
Q

Exhibitionist

A

Characterized by arousal from the exposure of genitals in a public setting ( get pleasure when people react in shock )

41
Q

Frotteurism

A

Includes repeated and intense fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving touching and rubbing against a none-consenting person

42
Q

Sexual Sadism VS. Sexual Masochism

A

Sexual Masochism - fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving the act or the thought of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer
Sexual Sadism - Characterized by repeated and intense arousal by the physical or psychological suffering of another individual; usually male

43
Q

Gender Dysphoria

A

People with this disorder persistently feel that they have been born to the wrong biological sex, and gender changes would be desirable

44
Q

Transgender

A

Individuals who have a strong sense that their gender identity is different from their birth anatomy

Abnormal psychology (2 decks)

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