Exam 4 Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What kind of hormone is gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
small polypeptide
GnRH is produced by the
hypothalamus
GnRH function
causes release of FSH and LH from the pituitary
FSH is what kind of hormon
large glycoprotein with a and B subunits
FSH is produced by the
anterior pituitary
FSH function
stimulates follicle growth (superovulation with exogenous administration)
stimulates spermatogenesis by stimulating sertoli cells (in the presence of testosterone)
LH is what kind of hormon
large glycoprotein with a and B subunits (a identical to FSH)
LH produced by
anterior pituitary
LH function
causes final follicle maturation, ovulation, and formation and maintenance of the CL
stimulates testosterone production by interstitial cells
LH is required for what
sex steroid production
Prolactin is what kind of hormone
protein homrone related to growth hormone
prolactin secreted by the
anterior pituitary
prlactin function
stimulates mammary gland formation and lactation
sensitize ovary to gonadotropins (horse)
supports CL function in dog
oxytocin is what kind of hormone
small polypeptide
oxytocin secreted by
posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
oxytocin function
contraction of myopeithelial cells in mammary gland
uterine contraction
prostaglandin release from uterus
progesterone is what kind of hormone
steroid hormone (C21)
progesterone is produced by
CL and placenta
progesterone function
induces changes in tract and whole animal associated with pregnancy
testosterone (androgen) is what kind of hormon
steroid hormone (C19)
testosterone produced by
Leydig cells; and small extent by female follicle
testosterone function
promotes masculinization
induces male behavior
stimulates spermatogenesis (sertoli cells)
decreases LH output
Estrogen is what kind of hormone
steroid (C18)
estrogen produced by
maturing follicle
estrogen function
changes in tract and whole animal associated with estrus
inhibin is what kind of hormon
protein
inhibin produced by
granulosa cells of the follicle; sertoli cells of the testis by maturing spermatogenic cells
inhibin function
shut down FSH production by te pituitary
Anti-Mullerian Hromone is what kind of hormone
protein hormone
AMH produced by
male embryo sertoli cells; female granulosa cells during follicle growth from primary to early antral stage
AMH function
males: cause embryological female tract to regress
AMH can be used to evaluate
activity of sertoli and granulosa cells
diagnosis of cryptorchidism and granulosa cell tumor
estimate the size of growing follicle pool (follicle population)
relaxin is what kind of hormone
protein
relaxin produced by
CL and/or placenta depending on species
relaxin function
relaxation of cervix and pelvic ligaments at parturition, affects vascular development of uterus/placenta
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by
human trophoblasts (8 days after conception)
hCG function
Induce LH effects (similar structure to LH but different CHO attached)
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) produced by
equine trophoblast after 37 days gestation
equine chorionic gonadotropin function
luteinization/ovulation of secondary follicles during pregnancy in the mare to maintain high progesterone concentration (prolonged FSH activity in other species except horse) (similar to LH)
placental lactogens work via
prolactin receptors, but with lower affinity
progstins
hormones that have progesterone-like effect
prostaglandin F2a is what kind of hormone
long chain fatty aicd
PGF2A is released by
uterus in domestic large animal species
PGF2a function
lysis of the CL and uterine contraction
androgen binding protein serves as
a carrier for androgens to keep concentrations of androgens relatively stable in ST and very high in relation to concentrations of androgens in the blood
androgen binding protein produced by
interstitial cells