Exam 4 Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
- Used for dimentia
- Medical food
- Must stay in fridge for up to 24 hours
A
Axona
2
Q
- Claims “imporved aspects of cognitive function over a 90 day period”
- EXPENSIVE
- 1 capsule/day
A
- Prevagen (apoaequorin)
3
Q
- Shown to decrease aggression/agitation
A
- Aromatherapy
- Lemon balm
- Lavender
- Tea Tree Oil
4
Q
- Key for caregivers
- Support group for dementia
A
- Alzheimer’s association
5
Q
- Not recommended for anxiety
- Most studied herb for depression
- Major drug interactions
- 300mg TID
A
St. John’s Wort
6
Q
- Dietary synthetic supplement for depression maybe anxiety
- Likely safe
- Peak effect within 2 weeks
- 1600-3000mg/day
A
Same
7
Q
- Possibly effective for depression
- Likely safe
- Anti-platelet activity
- 30 mg daily
- Takes 6 - 8 weeks to be effective
A
Saffron Spice
8
Q
- Sedative for restlessness/anxiety
- Likely safe
- 150mg daily
- Not the best trials
- Only take for four weeks
A
Valerian
9
Q
- Most imporvement in women and younger adults
- Maybe effective in GAD
- Placebo is better
- Inhibitor of CYPs
- 250mg/day
- 3 week use
A
Kava
10
Q
- For depression
- 15mg PO dialy
- Really just a multivitamin
- Medical food
A
Deplin
11
Q
What are the exclusions to self treatment for tobacco cessation?
A
- Serious heart disease
- High blood pressure not controlled with medications
- Pregnant/Breastfeeding
- Active peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
12
Q
What age excludes a patient to self treatment for tobacco cessation?
A
< 18 years old
13
Q
- Nicotine replacement gum
- TTFC < 30 minutes after waking = 4mg
- TTFC > 30 minutes after waking = 2mg
- Max 24pieces/day
- Week 1-6: 1 piece q 1-2 hours while awake
- Week 7-9: 1 piece q 2-4 hours while awake
- Week 10-12: 1 piece q 4-8 hours while awake
- Sugar free
A
Nicotine polacrilex gum (Nicorette)
14
Q
- Nicotine replacement lozenge
- TTFC < 30 minutes after waking = 4mg
- TTFC > 30 minutes after waking = 2mg
- Max 20 lozenges/day
- Week 1-6: 1 lozenge q 1-2 hours while awake
- Week 7-9: 1 lozenge q 2-4 hours while awake
- Week 10-12: 1 lozenge q 4-8 hours while awake
- Sugar free
A
Nicotine polacrilex formulation (Nicorette)
15
Q
- > 10 cigarettes/day
- 21mg/day x 4-6 weeks then:
- 14mg/day x 2 weeks then:
- 7mg/day x 2 weeks
A
Nicotine transdermal system (NicoDerm CQ): Step 1, step 2, step 3
16
Q
- < 10 cigarettes/day
- 14mg/day x 6 weeks
- 7mg/day x 2 weeks
A
Nicotine transdermal system (NicoDerm CQ): Step 2, step 3
17
Q
What are the exclusion to self treatment for insomnia?
A
- < 12 or > 65 years old
- Pregnant
- Frequent nocturnal or early morning awakenings
- Chronic > 3 weeks
- Secondary insomnia
18
Q
- Insomnia treatment
- Antihistamines (2)
- 25 - 50mg taken 30-60 minutes before bed
- CNS effects
A
- Diphenhydramine
- Doxylamine
19
Q
- Alternative medicine for insomnia
- 400-600mg 60 minutes before bed
- Do not use in pregnancy or lactation
A
Valerian Root
20
Q
- Insomnia & jet lag treatment
- Insomnia: 3-5mg 30 minutes before bed x 4 weeks
- Jet lag: 0.5-2mg pre-flight and 5mg post-flight up to 4 days
A
Melatonin
21
Q
What are the exclusion for treatment of drowsiness/fatigue?
A
- < 12 years old
- Pregnant or breastfeeding
- Heart disease
- Anxiety disorder
- Chronic fatigue
- No response after 7-10 days of OTC treatment
22
Q
- Drowsiness/fatigue treatment
- Only FDA approved stimulant
- 100-200mg every 3-4 hours
- DIs: aspirin, theophylline, MAOIs
A
Caffeine tablets
23
Q
Non-viable food component that confer health benefits on the host associated with the modulation of the microbiota
A
Prebiotics
24
Q
- Resistance to digestion in the upper part of the alimentary tract
- Beneficial effect on host’s health
- Selective stimulation of growth of probiotics
- Stability in various food/feed processing conditions
- Fermentation by intestinal microbiota
A
Ideal Prebiotic Characteristics
25
Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host
Probiotics
26
- Non-pathogenic
- Acid & Bile tolerant
- Effective adhesion to gut lining
- Short generation time
- Robust surviving processing conditions
- Anti-genotoxic property
- Genetically stable
- Lactic acid producer
- Resistance to bile salts & enzymes
- Reisistance to low pH in the stomach
Ideal probiotic properties
27
Prebiotics combined with probiotics to increase the survival of probiotic bacteria
Synbiotics
28
- Promoting anti-tumor immune response
- Anti-proliferative effects via regulation of apoptosis & cell differentiation
- Suppressing the production of B-glucuronidase, urease, choloyl glycine hydroxylase, azedoreductase, & nitro-reductase secreted by E. coli & C. perfingens
Key mechanism of anti-cancer effects of probiotics
29
When are at home pregnancy tests most accurate?
1 week post expected start of cycle
30
Around what day does ovulation occur?
Day 14
31
Approximately what is the ovulation temperature?
98.6 degrees Fahrenheit
32
What does the male fertility test test for?
Sperm count
33
How can you screen for colorectal cancer at home?
Fecal occult blood test
34
What is the least restrictive colorectal at home screening test?
EZ-Detect Colon Disease Test
35
What does HomeAccess Express test for?
HIV
36
- How soon can results be measured after drug use with a hair follicle test?
- Up to how many days can you test after drug use?
- Before 5-7 days use
| - 90 days
37
- If you are suspicoius of low-level casual (recent) use, what kind of test should you use?
- If you are suscpicous of long-term use, what kind of test should you use?
- Urine
| - Hair
38
What are the following blood pressure monitors (auscultatory or oscillometric)?
- Mercury column? (gold standard)
- Digital?
- Aneroid?
- Ausculatatory
- Oscillometric
- Ausultatory
