exam 4 - canines

Question 1

ataxia

Answer 1

incoordination with the nervous system

Question 2

prophylaxis

Answer 2

the treatment of an animal or a group of animals, before clinical signs of infectious disease, in order to prevent the occurrence of disease or infection

Question 3

viral rabies

Answer 3

caused by - Lyssavirus
who - warm-blooded animals (bats,
raccoons, skunks, etc.)
how - in saliva through bite or wound
(travels to brain & replicates)
incubation period - 3-8 weeks or longer
signs - difficulty swallowing, drooling,
hydrophobic, extruded penis, hind
limb ataxia, lethargy
vaccine - 4x over 14 days

Question 4

viral rabies - stages of infections

Answer 4

prodromal - behavioral change, fear,
apprehensive, greatest risk with
human exposure
excitative - hyper-reactive, attack
unprovoked, stuporous, “dumb
rabies”
paralytic - ascending paralysis, respiratory
paralysis, death

Question 5

viral rabies in humans

Answer 5

• wash wounds immediately
• prevented if post-exposure prophylaxis
  prior to signs
• fatal at signs

Question 6

canine distemper viral (CDV)

Answer 6

caused by - Morbillivirus
how - aerosolized body secretions
who - dogs, raccoons, foxes, skunks,
unvaccinated dogs 3-6 months
respo signs - fever, cough, nasal +
ocular discharge, pneumonia
GI signs - anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea,
dehydration
neuro signs - hyperkeratosis of foot pods,
“chewing gum” seizure, muscle
twitching, ataxia, blindness
signs can show later in life

Question 7

diagnosis of CDV

Answer 7

• IFA and titer test
• inconclusion bodies in neutrophils

Question 8

bacterial leptospirosis

Answer 8

caused by - leptospira interrogans
who - skunks, raccoons, opossums, pigs;
dogs are accidental hosts
how - water-borne, urine, blood, ingestion
signs - fever, lethargy, vomiting,
dehydration, thirst, jaundice, shock,
death

Question 9

diagnosis of lepto

Answer 9

• microscopic agglutination
• PCR test

Question 10

lepto in humans

Answer 10

• isolate dog
• acute kidney failure
• +/- hepatic disease

Question 11

Parvo viral

Answer 11

• years in environment due to thick
  envelope
• high mortality
  who - unvaccinated puppies when
  mom’s Ab decrease
  tx - supportive care
  how - fecal/oral
  signs - febrile, lethargic, anorexia,
  vomiting, bloody diarrhea
  sluffing on intestinal lining

Question 12

diagnosis of parvo

Answer 12

• ELISA test of feces
• leukopenia - decrease of WBC
• hypoglycemic - low glucose
• decreased potassium; loss in vitamin D

Question 13

canine infectious respiratory disease complex (multi-factorial)

Answer 13

• “kennel cough”
• syndrome; complex
  para influenza (vx)
  k9 adenovirus&herpesvirus (vx)
  reovirus
  bordetella bronchseptica (vx)
  mycoplasma
  occasionally distemper (vx)
  signs - dry cough with terminal
  gag
  how - contagious while coughing
  tx - self-limiting