Exam 4 - Burns

Question 1

what are some types of comorbidities that would affect severity of burns

Answer 1

perfusion issues (diabetes, COPD, etc)

Question 2

what skin is effected in a superficial burn

Answer 2

epidermis

Question 3

pink to red skin
mild edema
no skin breaks

Answer 3

superficial burn

Question 4

pink to red skin
mild to moderate edema
blisters
pain

Answer 4

partial thickness

Question 5

red to white skin
soft and dry eschar
grafts may be necessary

Answer 5

deep partial thickness

Question 6

black brown yellow white red skin
severe edema
pain may be there, may not

Answer 6

full thickness

Question 7

no pain
no edema
eschar and elasticity
graft is necessary

Answer 7

deep full thickness

Question 8

what is an extent of a burn?

Answer 8

total body surface area burned

Question 9

what types of burns are not counted in rule of nines?

Answer 9

superficial

Question 10

what are considered major burns

Answer 10

electrical burns
inhalation burns
burns younger than 4 and older than 60
ears, eyes, feet, perineum, hands/face

Question 11

what is burn shock

Answer 11

hypovolemic shock

Question 12

how severe is a burn usually that will cause burn shock

Answer 12

more than 20% of TBSA

Question 13

when is the hypovolemic stage after a burn?

Answer 13

24-48 hours after

Question 14

what are complications of hypovolemic shock after a burn

Answer 14

kidney complications
hyperkalemia
shock

Question 15

when is the diuretic stage after a burn

Answer 15

48-72 hours after

Question 16

complications of diuretic phase after burns

Answer 16

hypertension

hypokalemia

Question 17

what is the parkland formual

Answer 17

4ml LR x % of TBSA x WT in KG

Question 18

when should the amount from parkland formula be infused

Answer 18

.5 of amount in the first 8 hours

other .5 in the second 16

Question 19

how to assess resuscitation ?

Answer 19

urine output!!!

Question 20

what happens during smoke inhalation

Answer 20

airway edema

Question 21

signs of smoke inhalation

Answer 21

singed facial hair
hoarseness
unconsciousness
burns on face and neck
black sputum

Question 22

what is a characteristic of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Answer 22

cherry red skin

Question 23

interventions for inhalation

Answer 23

non rebreather

intubation

Question 24

what should carbon be?

Answer 24

less than 10

Question 25

what are the phases in burn treatment

Answer 25

emergent
acute
rehab

Question 26

what is the emergent phase of burn treatment

Answer 26

field care and ED
fluid resuscitation
prevention of hypothermia

Question 27

what is the acute phase of burn treatment

Answer 27

36-48 hr after burn
fluid managemnt
pain control
wound care

Question 28

what is the rehab phase of burn treatment

Answer 28

wound healing
pain
prevention of complications
psychosocial

Question 29

interventions for initial wound treatment

Answer 29

dry clean sheet
LEAVE BLISTERS INTACT
silvedene cream and gauze

Question 30

what types of burns need debridement

Answer 30

full thickness!

Question 31

what is excision used for?

Answer 31

in order to prepare for grafts

Question 32

what is an autograft

Answer 32

from pt unburned skin

Question 33

what is an allograft

Answer 33

from cadaver skin

Question 34

what is xenograft or heterograft

Answer 34

from another species (i.e. pigskin)

Question 35

what is integra

Answer 35

artificial skin

Question 36

what are the use of pressure garments (5)

Answer 36

protects fragile skin
helps circulation
decrease pain and itching
reduce thick hard scars
increase skin length

Question 37

how often should burn pt bathe?

Answer 37

daily

Question 38

how often should their wounds be kept?

Answer 38

3-4 times daily

Question 39

how should burn limbs be positioned?

Answer 39

elevated to decrease edema