Exam 4 - Burns Flashcards
what are some types of comorbidities that would affect severity of burns
perfusion issues (diabetes, COPD, etc)
what skin is effected in a superficial burn
epidermis
pink to red skin
mild edema
no skin breaks
superficial burn
pink to red skin
mild to moderate edema
blisters
pain
partial thickness
red to white skin
soft and dry eschar
grafts may be necessary
deep partial thickness
black brown yellow white red skin
severe edema
pain may be there, may not
full thickness
no pain
no edema
eschar and elasticity
graft is necessary
deep full thickness
what is an extent of a burn?
total body surface area burned
what types of burns are not counted in rule of nines?
superficial
what are considered major burns
electrical burns
inhalation burns
burns younger than 4 and older than 60
ears, eyes, feet, perineum, hands/face
what is burn shock
hypovolemic shock
how severe is a burn usually that will cause burn shock
more than 20% of TBSA
when is the hypovolemic stage after a burn?
24-48 hours after
what are complications of hypovolemic shock after a burn
kidney complications
hyperkalemia
shock
when is the diuretic stage after a burn
48-72 hours after
complications of diuretic phase after burns
hypertension
hypokalemia
what is the parkland formual
4ml LR x % of TBSA x WT in KG
when should the amount from parkland formula be infused
.5 of amount in the first 8 hours
other .5 in the second 16
how to assess resuscitation ?
urine output!!!
what happens during smoke inhalation
airway edema
signs of smoke inhalation
singed facial hair hoarseness unconsciousness burns on face and neck black sputum
what is a characteristic of carbon monoxide poisoning?
cherry red skin
interventions for inhalation
non rebreather
intubation
what should carbon be?
less than 10
what are the phases in burn treatment
emergent
acute
rehab
what is the emergent phase of burn treatment
field care and ED
fluid resuscitation
prevention of hypothermia
what is the acute phase of burn treatment
36-48 hr after burn
fluid managemnt
pain control
wound care
what is the rehab phase of burn treatment
wound healing
pain
prevention of complications
psychosocial
interventions for initial wound treatment
dry clean sheet
LEAVE BLISTERS INTACT
silvedene cream and gauze
what types of burns need debridement
full thickness!
what is excision used for?
in order to prepare for grafts
what is an autograft
from pt unburned skin
what is an allograft
from cadaver skin
what is xenograft or heterograft
from another species (i.e. pigskin)
what is integra
artificial skin
what are the use of pressure garments (5)
protects fragile skin helps circulation decrease pain and itching reduce thick hard scars increase skin length
how often should burn pt bathe?
daily
how often should their wounds be kept?
3-4 times daily
how should burn limbs be positioned?
elevated to decrease edema
