Exam 4 - Bowel Elim Drugs Flashcards
Types of Drugs used to treat peptic ulcer disease
H-2 Receptor Antagonists Antacids Proton Pump Inhibitors Antipeptic agents Prostaglandins
Types of drugs used as antidiarrheals
Bismuth Subsalicylate
Loperamide
Opium Derivitives
Types of drugs used as laxatives
Chemical Stimulants
Bulk Stimulants
Lubricants
Action of H-2 (Histamine-2) Receptor Antagonists
Prevents release of HCL in response to gastrin
Action of Antacids
neutralize acids at a chemical level.
Action of proton pump inhibitors
inhibit secretion of HCL into stomach
Action of Antipeptic agents
coats injured tissue to prevent further acid damage
Action of prostaglandins
inhibit gastrin secretion and increase mucus secretions in stomach forming a buffer
Action of chemical stimulant laxatives
Direct chemical stimulation of GI tract
Action of bulk stimulants
Increases bulk or fluid volume in lumen, stimulating peristalsis
Action of Bismuth Subsalicylate
Coats GI tract lining. Reduces tract irritation which would otherwise stimulate tract motility.
Action of Loperamide (imodium)
Direct effect on tract muscles. Slows peristalsis, increases absorption.
Action of Opium Derivatives (paregoric)
Causes GI spasms, stopping peristalsis and diarrhea.
Action of gastrointestinal stimulants (metoclopramide (Reglan))
Blocks dopamine receptors, increases colon sensitivity to acetylcholine. Increases motility.
Chemical name for TUMS
calcium carbonate
Brand name for Sodium Bicarbonate
Bell-ans
At what step of acid production do proton pump inhibitors disrupt the process.
Final step (secretory receptors on luminal surface).
Indications for proton pump inhibitors
Short Term: Active duodenal ulcers, GERD, Erosive esophagitis, benign active gastric disease.
Long Term: Pathological hypersecretory conditions
Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, tongue atrophy, rash, alopecia, pruritis.
Indications of antipeptic agents
to promote ulcer healing
What is an antiemetic?
medication used to prevent/treat nausea and vomiting.
What do phenothiazines and other drugs of its class do?
Suppress multiple areas of CNS
Functions of Metoclopramide
GI stimulator, as well as antiemetic used for chemotherapy
What is the CTZ
Chemoreceptor trigger zone
Action of 5-HT3 receptor blockers
Block nausea and vomiting receptors in the CTZ.
Adverse effects of 5-HT3 receptor blockers
Urinary retention, constipation, headaches, drowsiness
Action of Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists.
act directly in CNS to prevent nausea and vomiting.
