Exam 4- Abdominal trauma

Question 1

major complications of penetrating trauma include

Answer 1

hypovolemic shock, peritonitis, and comportment syndrome

Question 2

what are the clinical manifestations of abdominal truama

Answer 2

• Rigid, distended abdomen
• Guarding and splinting
• Decreased or absent bowel sounds
• Pain over scapula
• Hematemesis or hematuria
• Signs of hypovolemic shock
• Cullen’s sign (umbilical ecchymosis)
• Grey Turner’s sign (flank ecchymosis)

Question 3

what is a FAST study

Answer 3

focused assessment with sonography/CT for trauma

Question 4

what is a fast study used for

Answer 4

ultrasound to look for bleeding in the heart, liver, spleen, and pelvis

Question 5

if there is intra-abdominal bleeding they go

Answer 5

straight to the OR

Question 6

what are the main interventions for abdominal trauma

Answer 6

• Ensure patent airway
• Administer oxygen
• Control external bleeding
• IV access (large bore-at least an 18 maybe even a 16) X2
• NS or LR fluid resuscitation (Challenge)
• CBC, Type and Cross for blood, electrolytes
• Stabilize impaled objects (DO NOT REMOVE)
• Cover protruding organs with sterile saline soaked dressing
• Urinary catheter (if no blood at meatus, pelvic fx, boggy prostate)
• Urinalysis
• NG tube (if no facial trauma)
• Possible peritoneal lavage

Question 7

what do you use for volume resuscitation

Answer 7

NS or LR

Question 8

what systolic do we want to stay above

Answer 8

90

Question 9

when do we administer PRBC

Answer 9

when Hgb is lower than 7

Question 10

what kind of blood can be sued for unmatched persons

Answer 10

O- for all and O+ can be used in all males and females over the age of 50.

Question 11

each unit of blood should increase the Hgb by __ and Hct by ___

Answer 11

1 pt, 3pts