Exam 4 Flashcards
AF of M (AFM)
union that represents studio musicians
AFTRA (SAG-AFTRA)
represents studio singers``
AFM basic session master scale for side and leader musicians
$431.21- side
plus 12.75%
leader is doubled
AFTRA master scale pay for session singers (soloists and duos)
$236.25 per hour or song per singer + 12.75% for health
and pension
• $799.11 per singer for 3-hour call or 3 songs
reason group members are signed to a label individually and corporatley
means that breach of contract by one is breach of contract by all. and if someone leaves the group they are still under contract
how unrecouped expenses for a group and leaving member are split
Most companies (when you ask) will agree to pro-rate the deficits and recoup the costs of the solo artist’s album from their royalties.
label contract terms for leaving member
Most labels agree not to charge future group
charges against the solo artist, and vice versa
most common corporate agreement for groups
Limited Liability Company – basically a partnership with the
limited liability of a corporation
advantages of an LLC
They are less expensive to set up and run than
corporations but provide the tax benefits and protections
of a corporation.
conflict of interest as it applies to groups and their attorney
the attorney who represented the band in their
partnership agreement can’t represent one of the members
against the others, the attorney can advise the members of the
issues and the conflict of interest and let the members
decide on an agreement on their own, requires signing a waiver
how rights to groups name are obtained
use it
how rights to a groups name are protected
a service mark
team member in overall charge of an artists tour
personal manager
a deposit
a type of insurance policy where the promoter must pay agent
artists team member who collects and hold deposits for tour dates
agents
typical amount of live date deposit
50%
team member responsible for smooth operation on the road
tour manager
four responsibilities of the promoter
- Promoters book the hall
- pay the rent
- pay for advertising
- supervise the running of the show.
percentage of concert tickets over the internet
80%
second-hand ticket sellers and how they make mony
ASK`
hall fee and how it is negotiated
the amount charged by the building or venue for the sale of merch, It’s a percentage of the gross sales and can be negotiated
down with clout
a rider
an artist’s addendum to the appearance contract
what is typically on a rider
- expenses
- tickets
- billing
- recording
- merch
- interviews/promo
- catering
tech rider
equipment needed by crew
merchandising
selling products with an artist’s
name or likeness on it
How sales success of tour merchandise is measured
calculating per-head sales
Tour merchandise royalties/advances and their conditions
(not recommended) can get advance but it must be paid back. based on projection of gross sales times
the royalty rate
bootleggers
those who manufacture and sell unauthorized
merchandise with an artist’s name and likeness on it.
typical characteristics of t-shirts sold at concerts
album cover, tour dates
retail merchandising
merch without dates later sold online or in store
merchandising and sub-licensing
made with companies to get into big retail stores
creative control for merchandise
Artist should have the right to approve design,
artwork, photos, layout of any merchandise
film production person in charge of placing music in films
music supervisor
rights required for a song to be used in a film
- license to master
2. sync licnese
label/artist profit split for use of master recording in film
50/50
entrepreneurship in the music industry
Entrepreneurship typifies the business psychology of the music industry
payola
the practice of bribing someone to use their influence or position to promote a particular product or interest.
how opening acts typically obtain slots on major tours
pay their way
free concert attendees and how they relate to merchandise sales
ASK
five potential entrepreneurial careers in the music industry
songwriters record producers artists publicists engineers managers
initial conditions of a groups recording contract (as they relate to expenses)
everyone signs separate and a corporation
business managers’ responsibilities as they relate to touring
- financial aspects
- forecast profit/losses
- make sure everyone gets paid
- should sound alarm when expenses exceed budget
issues to address in an internal group agreement
who owns what
amount AFM session leaders make in relation to other players
Leader: Double scale plus h&w plus 12.81% pension
SIDE?
load in; load out. count in;count out.
load is for crew count is for merch
