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bsc 2085 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The ________ ear houses the organs for hearing and equilibrium

A

inner

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2
Q

Sound pressure waves deflect the tympanic membrane, which causes movement of the _________ in the middle ear.

A

ossicles

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3
Q

The __________ is the measurement of the intensity (loudness) of a sound.

A

decibel

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4
Q

__________ is commonly known as ear wax.

cerumen

serous fluid

sebaceous

pinna

A

cerumen

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5
Q

The Eustachian tube (or pharygotympanic/auditory tube) is a 1.5 inch channel that connects the ___________ to the back of the nasopharynx.

auricle

external ear

inner ear

middle ear

A

middle ear

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6
Q

___________ (pitch) is a measurement of how many cycles of a sound wave occur in 1 second

A

frequency

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7
Q

The arrow is pointing to the ____________.

A

tympanic membrane

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8
Q

The arrows are pointing to the _________.

ear canal

Eustachian tube

semicircular canal

vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Eustachian tube

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9
Q

Which arrow is pointing to the ossicles?

A

A

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10
Q

Photoreceptors are located in which layer of the eye?

A

retina

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11
Q

_____________ is used to determine whether a person is near-sighted, a condition known as ____________

A

eye chart ; myopia

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12
Q

Light passes through the following structures in which order?

vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, cornea

cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor

aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

A

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor (CALV)

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13
Q

What is the main function of the rods in the eye?

A

vision in dim light

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14
Q

What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?

A

iris

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15
Q

The gel-like fluid located in the posterior segment of the eyeball is called _________ __________. (2 words)

A

vitreous humor

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16
Q

Which letter is pointing to the lens?

A

B

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17
Q

The white, outer part of the eye is called the:

A

sclera

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18
Q

A _________ occurs when the lens begins to become opaque and obstruct the passage of light.

A

cataract

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19
Q

The blind spot of the eye is where ________.

A

the optic nerve leaves the eye

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20
Q

The sensory organ for hearing is contained within the __________.

A

cochlea

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21
Q

Paralysis of muscles involved in facial expression could be caused by damage to which cranial nerve?

A

facial

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22
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves is NOT responsible for movement of the eye?

trigeminal
abducens
trochlear
oculomotor

A

trigeminal

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23
Q

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all EXCEPT the ________.

trochlear
trigeminal
glossopharyngeal
facial

A

trochlear

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24
Q

Difficulty in swallowing could be caused by damage to either the vagus nerve or the _________ nerve.

trochlear

facial

glossopharyngeal

accessory

A

glossopharyngeal

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25
Q

The abducens nerves control movement of the _________.

A

eyes

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26
Q

Name the cranial nerve that controls the majority of the extrinsic eye muscles (one word).

A

oculomotor

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27
Q

Asking a patient to detect the scent of cinnamon tests the function of the _________ nerves.

A

olfactory

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28
Q

The ability to detect small differences between weights is easier when both weights are _________.

A

lighter

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29
Q

The _________ reflex is useful for evaluating sympathetic pathways to the eye and face.

A

ciliospinal

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30
Q

Which of the following is represented by the RED line in the diagram below?

A

motor neuron

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31
Q

Gently applying pressure to your eyeball causes the perception of ____________.

sound

light

cold

afterimage

A

light

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32
Q

Tapping of the patellar tendon is the ________ for the knee-jerk reflex.

A

stimulus

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33
Q

The type and amount of stimulus that is required to be detectable by a receptor is called:

A

adequate stimulus

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34
Q

A Snellen chart is used to test for:

A

visual acuity

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35
Q

Light passes through the following structures in which order?

vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, cornea

cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor

aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

A

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor (CALV)

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36
Q

In a sheep or cow eye, you will observe an extensive iridescent-colored area of choroid coat just posterior to the retina. This layer is called the _______ _______ (2 words). (spell)

A

tapetum lucidum

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37
Q

Photoreceptors are located in which layer of the eye?

A

retina

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38
Q

When aqueous fluid cannot properly drain, intraocular pressure can increase, causing _________.

A

glaucoma

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39
Q

The Ishihara plates shown in the lab manual are used to test for ____________.

A

color blindness

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40
Q

The arrow is pointing to the ________ ____________ (2 words) (spell)

A

vitreous humor

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41
Q

_____________ is used to determine whether a person is near-sighted, a condition known as ____________

A

eye chart ; myopia

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42
Q

___________ can be caused by an uneven curvature of the cornea.

A

astigmatism

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43
Q

The gel-like fluid located in the posterior segment of the eyeball is called _________ __________. (2 words) (spell)

A

vitreous humor

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44
Q

The Eustachian tube (or pharygotympanic/auditory tube) is a 1.5 inch channel that connects the ___________ to the back of the nasopharynx.

A

middle ear

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45
Q

The ____________ is a measurement unit for the intensity (loudness) of sound.

A

decibel

How well did you know this?
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46
Q

Sound pressure waves deflect the tympanic membrane, which causes movement of the _________ in the middle ear.

A

ossicles

47
Q

__________, commonly known as ear wax, is secreted by cells in the ear canal to help protect the ear.

A

cerumen

48
Q

___________ (pitch) is a measurement of how many cycles of a sound wave occur in 1 second.

A

frequency

49
Q

Where is the organ of hearing housed?

B

A

C

D

E

A

D

50
Q

The sensory organ for hearing is within the __________.

tympanic membrane

cochlea

endolymph

ossicle

A

cochlea

51
Q

Name one purely sensory cranial nerve. (spell)

A

olfactory

52
Q

“Nearsightedness” is called _________.

hyperopia

emmetropia

presbyopia

myopia

A

myopia

53
Q

The thin film on the posterior of the eye that contains the photoreceptors

A

retina layer

54
Q

Which special sense is this structure the receptor for?

A

hearing

55
Q

An extensive iridescent-colored area of the choroid enables some mammals, such as cats, sheep, and cows, to:

detect infared wavelengths

detect light in dark conditions

all of these

detect UV wavelengths

A

detect light in dark conditions

56
Q

The cranial nerve that travels down to the abdominal and thoracic cavities

vestibulocochlear

vagus

hypoglossal

accessory

A

vagus

57
Q

Of the following structures, which is served by the greatest number of cranial nerves?

nose

ear

tongue

eye

A

eye

58
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves is purely sensory?

trigeminal

oculomotor

olfactory

facial

A

olfactory

59
Q

The cranial nerve serving the muscles of the neck and shoulders:

vagus

hypoglossal

accessory

glossopharyngeal

A

accessory

60
Q

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all EXCEPT the ________.

facial

trigeminal

trochlear

glossopharyngeal

A

trochlear

61
Q

Which cranial nerve is primarily affected when a dentist injects Novocaine into the gums to numb the teeth?

Hypoglossal

Trigeminal

Glossopharyngeal

Facial

A

Trigeminal

62
Q

Name the cranial nerve that controls the majority of the extrinsic eye muscles (one word).

A

oculomotor

63
Q

Asking a patient to detect the scent of cinnamon tests the function of the _________ nerves.

olfactory

vestibulocochlear

glossopharyngeal

trochlear

A

olfactory

64
Q

Which of the following is NOT involved in the “gag reflex?”

accessory

glossopharyngeal

more than one of the above

vagus

A

accessory

65
Q

This brain region is responsible for relaying sensory

impulses to the cerebral cortex for interpretation.

medulla oblongata

hypothalamus

thalamus

brain stem

A

thalamus

66
Q

This cranial nerve provides sensory reception for taste on the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue.

glossopharyngeal

trigeminal

facial

vagus

A

facial

67
Q

The cranil nerve that is responsible for control of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle is:

vagus

hypoglassal

accessory

A

accessory

68
Q

A person that sways excessively and loses their balance while standing on one foot with eyes closed may have damage to this cranial nerve.

accessory

olfactory

trigeminal

vestibulocochlear

A

vestibulocochlear

69
Q

This brain region helps control balance, posture and fine motor coordination by monitoring receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints.

occipital lobe of cerebrum

frontal lobe of cerebrum

cerebellum

medulla oblongata

A

cerebellum

70
Q

The _____ is the “mater controller” of the endocrine system, located just inferior to and regulated by the hypothalamus.

pineal gland

pons

pituitary gland

mammillary body

A

pituitary gland

71
Q

The cranial nerve that travels down to the abdominal and thoracic cavities

vestibulocochlear

vagus

hypoglossal

accessory

A

vagus

72
Q

Of the following structures, which is served by the greatest number of cranial nerves?

nose

ear

tongue

eye

A

eye

73
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves is purely sensory?

trigeminal

oculomotor

olfactory

facial

A

olfactory

74
Q

The cranial nerve serving the muscles of the neck and shoulders:

vagus

hypoglossal

accessory

glossopharyngeal

A

accessory

75
Q

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all EXCEPT the ________.

facial

trigeminal

trochlear

glossopharyngeal

A

trochlear

76
Q

Which cranial nerve is primarily affected when a dentist injects Novocaine into the gums to numb the teeth?

Hypoglossal

Trigeminal

Glossopharyngeal

Facial

A

Trigeminal

77
Q

Name the cranial nerve that controls the majority of the extrinsic eye muscles (one word).

A

oculomotor

78
Q

Damage to which cranial nerve might cause balance problems (one word)?

A

vestibulocochlear

79
Q

Asking a patient to detect the scent of cinnamon tests the function of the _________ nerves.

olfactory

vestibulocochlear

glossopharyngeal

trochlear

A

olfactory

80
Q

Which of the following is NOT involved in the “gag reflex?”

accessory

glossopharyngeal

more than one of the above

vagus

A

accessory

81
Q

Which of the following is represented by the RED line in the diagram below?

sensory neuron

afferent pathway

interneuron

effector

motor neuron

A

Motor neuron

82
Q

Which of the following is represented by the BLUE line in the diagram below?

effector

stimulus

efferent pathway

sensory neuron

motor neuron

A

sensory neuron

83
Q

The ability to detect small differences between weights is easier when both weights are _________.

equal to one another

lighter

different temperatures

heavier

A

lighter

84
Q

The type and amount of stimulus that is required to be detectable by a receptor is called:

adaptation

adequate stimulus

two-point discrimination

one-point discrimination

A

adequate stimulus

85
Q

In terms of sensation, as threshold increases, sensitivity ___________.

decreases

also increases

stays the same

A

decreases

86
Q

Which of the following outlines the correct order events in a reflex arc?

integration –> response –> sensation

sensation –> response –> integration

response –> sensation –> integration

sensation –> integration –> response

A

sensation –> integration –> response

87
Q

Tactile afterimage occurs as a result of the phenomenon known as __________, in which receptors become less sensitive in the presence of a continuous stimulus.

Weber-Fechner principle

discrimination

reflex arcs

adaptation

A

adaptation

88
Q

After submerging your left hand in warm water for 1 minute, you place your left hand room-temperature water. How does this water feel (as perceived from your left hand)?

warmer than before, due to shifting of physiological zero

cooler than room temperature

the same temperature as the previous warm water

dry due to adaptation

A

cooler than room temperature

89
Q

Seeing a “spot” after look at a camera’s flash is an example of ___________.

atypical sensation

astigmatism

afterimage

adaptation

A

afterimage

90
Q

Spinal reflexes do not require input from the brain to take place.

True

False

A

True

91
Q

Photoreceptors are located in which layer of the eye

retina

cornea

lens

schlera

A

retina

92
Q

_____________ is used to determine whether a person is near-sighted, a condition known as ____________

vision disk; myopia

vision disk; hyperopia

eye chart; hyperopia

eye chart; myopia

A

eye chart; myopia

93
Q

Light passes through the following structures in which order?

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor

vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, cornea

cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor

A

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

94
Q

What is the main function of the rods in the eye?

color vision

depth perception

vision in dim light

accommodation for near vision

A

vision in dim light

95
Q

What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?

aqueous humor

cornea

lens

iris

A

iris

96
Q

The gel-like fluid located in the posterior segment of the eyeball is called _________ __________. (2 words)

A

Vitreous humor

97
Q

Which letter is pointing to the lens?

A

B

98
Q

The white, outer part of the eye is called the:

retina

cornea

sclera

lens

A

sclera

99
Q

A _________ occurs when the lens begins to become opaque and obstruct the passage of light.

stigmatism

cataract

floater

glaucoma

A

cataract

100
Q

The blind spot of the eye is where ________.

the macula lutea is located

only cones occur

more rods than cones are found

the oculomotor nerve leaves the eye

the optic nerve leaves the eye

A

the optic nerve leaves the eye

101
Q

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all EXCEPT which of the following?

olfactory

oculomotor

trigeminal

facial

A

olfactory

102
Q

Which of the following does NOT serve the “gag reflex?”

more than one of the above

glossopharyngeal

vagus

accessory

A

accessory

103
Q

Cranial nerve X leaves the head region and travels to the abdominal and thoracic viscera:

accessory

vagus

glossopharyngeal

vestibulocochlear

A

vagus

104
Q

The majority of the taste buds are served by the sensory branch of this cranial nerve.

accessory

facial

abducens

trigeminal

vestibulocochlear

A

facial

105
Q

When students look at a red color plate on a black background for 30 seconds, then look at a white piece of paper they should see ________.

red

black

green

purple

A

green

106
Q

The patellar (knee jerk) reflex is an example of a ________ reflex.

stretch

withdrawal

crossed-extensor

autonomic

A

stretch

107
Q

The _________ reflex is useful for evaluating sympathetic pathways to the eye and face.

stretch

oculocardiac

ciliospinal

Babinski

A

ciliospinal

108
Q

The anterior chamber contains ________, a watery fluid produced by the ciliary body.

lacrima

aqueous humor

vitreous humor

tapetum lucidum

A

aqueous humor

109
Q

Which letter is pointing to the cornea?

E

D

C

B

A

A

E

110
Q

The ossicle that touches the oval window is called the _______. (one word)

A

stirrup - aka stapes

111
Q

How many bones are found in the middle ear?

1

2

4

3

A

3

112
Q

___________ is the term used to describe the persistent perception of sound such as ringing or buzzing the the absence of external stimulus.

tinnitus

presbycusis

otitis media

otosclerosis

A

tinnitus

113
Q

Hearing impairment caused by problems in the cochlea, the cochlear nerve, or neurons in the auditory pathway to the cerebral cortex is called _________ hearing loss.

otitis

conductive

sensorineural

endolymph

A

sensorineural

bsc 2085 (2 decks)

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