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Community health exam 4 > exam 4 > Flashcards

exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Three presentations of the plague

A

bubonic, septicemia, and pneumonic

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2
Q

how is bubonic plague spread

A

only by contact pus

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3
Q

how is pneumonic plague spread

A

spread from person to person

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4
Q

People with the plague get it from primarily what?

A

rodents

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5
Q

What percentage of global dz and deaths are attributed to environmental factors?

A

25%

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6
Q

What is an example of environmental justice?

A

cleaning and building parks

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7
Q

What does the environmental theory state?

A

states that nursing is achieved through alteration of the environment to promote halth

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8
Q

What impact did the clean air act have?

A

decreased the rate of asthma and heart attacksand save a lot of money

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9
Q

What is more likely to occur if you are a poor person of color?

A

likely to live near hazardous waste, and more likely to have kids with asthma or lead poisoned

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10
Q

What is an example of a pollutant from the healthcare industry?

A

Dioxin

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11
Q

What are the names for synthetic chemicals created by the healthcare industry?

A

persistant bioaccumulative toxins PBTs and persistent organic pollutants POPs

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12
Q

How is Dioxin created?

A

from inceneration of chlorine

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13
Q

Examples of bio hazard waste

A

culture dishes, soaked bandages, removed body organs, and surgical equipment

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14
Q

Medical waste tracking act

A

established cradle-to-grave tracking, standards for packaging and labeling, and penalties for mismanagement

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15
Q

Who are at higher risk of the effects of toxic substances?

A

young children, older adults, and pregnant women

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16
Q

Where is asbestos

A

Found in drywall and ceiling tiles

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17
Q

Risk of asbestos is related to what three factors?

A

Number of fibers breathed in, duration of exposure, and frequency of exposure

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18
Q

when do s/s occur from asbestos?

A

15-40 years after exposure

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19
Q

What products contain lead?

A

paint, gasoline, cosmetics, and products imported from other countries

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20
Q

how are children usually exposed to lead?

A

Dust that is tracked into the house

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21
Q

How can lead get into the drinking water?

A

from lead containing pipes, faucets, and solder

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22
Q

What does boiling water do for lead?

A

This does nothing

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23
Q

How can you reduce the amount of lead in drinking water?

A

Running cold water first, but does not completely eliminate the lead

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24
Q

Jobs that involve lead

A

construction, plumbing, printing, military, automobile repair

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25
Q

How is lead stored in the body?

A

stored for long period of time in teeth and bones. Released during bodily stress

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26
Q

Examples of bodily stress where lead will be released?

A

pregnancy, breastfeeding, calcium deficiency, and osteoporosis

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27
Q

What body part is most sensitive to lead?

A

the brain

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28
Q

Affects of lead on young children

A

lowered IQ, ADD, bad hearing, anemia, and decreased growth

29
Q

Affects of lead on older adults

A

Thyroid, pregnancy/offspring, and fertility

30
Q

How to protect from lead

A

wet-clean all surfaces, cover bare soil, and test toys from other countries

31
Q

What contains CO

A

cars, trucks, gas and oil furnaces, generators, and charcoal grills

32
Q

s/s of CO poisoning

A

HA, dizzy, weakness, chest pain (flu-like)

33
Q

Hallmark sign of CO poisoning

A

s/s in multiple family members and symptoms occur in morning and go away when leaving the house.

34
Q

Who is at higher sensitivity for mold?

A

some people are allergic, people with chronic lung dz like asthma

35
Q

How to clean mold

A

1 cup of bleach to 1 gallon of water

36
Q

How can you detect mold in a house?

A

Has a very earthy smell. Look for water damage

37
Q

How is radon produced?

A

breakdown of uranium

38
Q

How can you spot radon in a home?

A

Cracks in a basement, construction joints, and gaps in pipes.

39
Q

Two main sources of radon in a house

A

soil and water

40
Q

Radon through soil causes what?

A

It is inhaled causing lung cancer

41
Q

Radon through water causers what?

A

Ingested causing stomach cancer, or inhaled through the shower causing lung cancer

42
Q

Mnemonic used for environmental exposure history

A

I PREPARE

43
Q

What are US adults more likely to do in healthcare in US compared to other countries?

A

They are more likely to skip care and struggle with paying medical bills

44
Q

Developing countries struggle building healthcare systems because why?

A

Most of the global funds are used for disaster and famine (scarce food) relief

45
Q

Non communicable dz account for how many of the deaths worldwide

A

75%

46
Q

Epidemiologic transition

A

When a change in the balance of dz in a population from communicable dz to non communicable dz

47
Q

5 examples of communicable dz

A

smallpox, polio, TB, diarrheal illness, and STIs

48
Q

How was smallpox eradicated?

A

Active surveillance and ring vaccination

49
Q

why is polio hard to eradicate?

A

It has a longer period of silent communicability, and not as many people are working together to get rid of it like smallpox

50
Q

Crazy stats about TB

A

1/3 of the population has it and it kills 5,000 people a day

51
Q

How do we control diarheal cz?

A

improve nutrition and living conditions

52
Q

Three major diarrheal syndromes

A

acute watery, persistent, bloody

53
Q

what is the main complication of chlamydia?

A

it can lead to PID which leads to ectopic pregnancy

54
Q

which ages are most likely to contract chlamydia?

A

ages 15 to 19

55
Q

examples of neglected dz

A

dengue fever, guinea worm, leprosy, and leishmaniasis

56
Q

veracity

A

Telling the truth

57
Q

fidelity

A

loyalty and commitment, keeping promises

58
Q

social justice

A

all parties are treated equally

59
Q

deontology

A

is concerned with duty (professional code of ethics)

60
Q

teleology or utilitarianism

A

concerned with consequences. Does the end justify the means?

61
Q

market justice

A

best way to help people is to avoid regulaitons

62
Q

social justice

A

best way to help people is by using laws and regulations

63
Q

components of a community nursing diagnosis

A

should use the word ‘among’. should focus on prevention, and AEB should use statistics

64
Q

examples of direct cost

A

labor, materials, and travel

65
Q

when does the budget need to be done?

A

during the planning stage

66
Q

whose work yielded primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention?

A

Leavell and CLark

67
Q

Laffrey and winklers work

A

thought health promotion should be health oriented and disease oriented

68
Q

Community based participitory research is based on what?

A

collaboration and partnership

Community health exam 4 (1 decks)

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