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ABSC 304 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Behavioral Contracting

A

Scheduling the exchange of positive reinforcement between two or more persons. Specifies who is to do what, for whom, and under what circumstances

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2
Q

5 Reasons why written contracts are better than oral agreements (Reason 1)

A

Written contracts require that the target behavior be defined specifically and make clear the expectations of each party

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3
Q

5 Reasons why written contracts are better than oral agreements (Reason 2)

A

Contracts require that we frequently and accurately observe the behavior through consistent monitoring

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4
Q

5 Reasons why written contracts are better than oral agreements (Reason 3)

A

Contracts require that we give consistent consequences to be applied. More consequences=more likely behavior will change

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5
Q

5 Reasons why written contracts are better than oral agreements (Reason 4)

A

Contracts have social consequences and are more public.

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6
Q

5 Reasons why written contracts are better than oral agreements (Reason 5)

A

Contracts require the formality of signing the contract

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7
Q

What do contracts do?

A

Contracts should do no harm by being vague: be specific. Contracts should bring more positive reinforcement into the parties lives.

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8
Q

What are the 4 assumptions upon which contracts are based? (Assumption 1)

A

Positive reinforcement is a privilege, not a right

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9
Q

What are the 4 assumptions upon which contracts are based? (Assumption 2)

A

Relationships are governed by the concept of reciprocity (give and take)

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10
Q

What are the 4 assumptions upon which contracts are based? (Assumption 3)

A

The value of the relationship is a direct function of the amount of reinforcement the parties receive

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11
Q

What are the 4 assumptions upon which contracts are based? (Assumption 4)

A

Rules create freedom

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12
Q

What is Jan’s definition of freedom?

A

The opportunity to make a behavioral choice with the knowledge of the probable outcomes of that choice

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13
Q

What are the 5 common components of a contract?

A

Responsibilities, privileges, bonuses, sanctions, and feedback/monitoring

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14
Q

What are the two most important parts of a relationship?

A

Communication and negotiation

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15
Q

What is the Marital (Relationship) Happiness Scale?

A

A form of measuring two peoples happiness by independently filling out a likert scale on how they feel about certain areas of the relationship

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16
Q

What is catharsis counseling?

A

“talk therapy” - doesn’t show much success

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17
Q

What are the 5 procedures of Reciprocity counseling? (Procedure 1 and definition/Reason)

A

Reciprocity Awareness: acknowledging the good things that already exist in the relationship. Reason: to ensure the parties know there is positive things going on in the relationship (may increase desire to maintain relationship)

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18
Q

What are the 5 procedures of Reciprocity counseling? (Procedure 2 and definition/Reason)

A

“Perfect Relationship” Procedure: Telling the other person what you want out of the relationship/goals. Reason: to specify the expectations of each party and increase the probability that those goals will be met

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19
Q

What are the 5 procedures of Reciprocity counseling? (Procedure 3 and definition/Reason)

A

Frequency Fulfillment Procedure: compromising on goals of each party. Reason: using interest based negotiation each party will compromise to figure out a mutual solution to two goals.

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20
Q

What are the 5 procedures of Reciprocity counseling? (Procedure 4 and definition/Reason)

A

FeedBack Exchange Procedure: telling the other person how you feel about them in regards to the happiness scale and set goals. Reason: continuous feedback allows parties to know how the other is feeling and increase probability that those behaviors will change

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21
Q

What are the 5 procedures of Reciprocity counseling? (Procedure 5 and definition/Reason)

A

Positive Statement Procedure: reinforcing the other person when they attempt/fulfill one of the goals. Reason: to ensure the parties attend to positive behavior. criticism will be much easier accepted if there is recognition for positive behavior

22
Q

Contract components (3) for reciprocity counseling

A

List each parties responsibilities
list positive consequences (privileges) for each party
Include Overall Sanction

23
Q

Client-Therapist Contracts; steps (4)

A
  1. Give therapist something of value to be returned or lost contingent on meeting specified goals
  2. Give examples of reinforcers (number of items)
  3. Contract out contingencies
  4. monitoring/recording
24
Q

Immediate contingency

A

measure 3 times a week
improvement=return of valuable
nothing= no loss or return of valuable
deterioration= permanent loss of a value
Purpose: to provide immediate feedback and consequences about the behavior

25
Q

Intermediate contingency

A

measured every 2 weeks
establish a minimum rate line
meets min rate line= return of a number of valuables
doesn’t meet= permanent loss of a number of values
Purpose: to ensure behavior is occurring at a stable rate

26
Q

Terminal contingency

A

valuables set aside (different that others)
client finishes program= return of values
drops out/fails program= permanent loss of values
Purpose: to make sure client remains in program

27
Q

What are the 4 types of eating disorders?

A

Obesity, binge eating, anorexia, bulemia

28
Q

Which disorder with behavioral therapy procedures is the most effective?

A

Obesity

29
Q

Self Control definition

A

behaviors that a person deliberately undertakes to achieve self-selected outcomes. (active goal choosing)

30
Q

Problems of Behavioral Excess (3)

A 
Immediate reinforcers vs. delayed punishers
immediate reinforcers vs. cumulatively significant punishers
immediate reinforcers (problem behavior) vs. delayed reinforcers (for alternative desirable behaviors)
31
Q

Problems of behavioral deficiencies (3)

A

immediate small punishers vs. cumulatively significant punishers
immediate small punishers vs. highly improbable major punishers
immediate small punishers vs. delayed major punisher

32
Q

Self-control program (6 components)

A
  1. Specify problem
  2. Specify Goals
  3. make commitment to change
  4. Take data
  5. Design and implement program
  6. Preventing relapse
33
Q

Step 5 in a self control program (design and implement program) steps (3)

A

Manage the situation (antecedents)
manage the behavior
manage the consequences

34
Q

What are MEOs and MAOs

A

Motivating establishing operations, temporarily increase effect of a reinforcer
motivating abolishing operations, temporarily decrease the effects of a reinforcer

35
Q

Step 6 in self control program (prevent relapse) steps (3)

A
  1. specify situaiton manipulations (antecedents)
  2. Specify response definitions
  3. Specify consequence manipulations
36
Q

What is short circuiting?

A

Giving yourself the reinforcer before completing the responsibility

37
Q

How do you prevent short circuiting?

A

Giving someone else the access to the reinforcer and they cannot allow you to have it until you finish the responsibility

38
Q

Steps for Self control contract

A
  1. specify and define target behavior
  2. specify data collection
  3. schedule of reinforcement and who will deliver it
  4. statement of privileges
  5. statement of bonuses
  6. statement of sanctions
  7. how will data be monitored
  8. signature
39
Q

5 Steps to aversion therapy contract

A
  1. initial interview and treatment contract
  2. aversion therapy procedure
  3. self management training
  4. Observation and reliability
  5. Follow up
40
Q

Initial interview and treatment contract (4 steps)

A
  1. Deposit money
  2. Give wrist counter
  3. Bring in valuables to be used in sessions
  4. Have an independent observer record data and ensure reliability
41
Q

Aversion therapy procedure (4 steps) and purpose

A
  1. Select aversive event- describe how to determine strength
  2. use aversive event contingent on specific behaviors
  3. minimum number of pairings
  4. minimum number of sessions
    Purpose: to produce an immediate cessation or ending of the behavior in order to decrease the target behavior with this pairing of an aversive event
42
Q

3 forms of self-management training

A
  1. emotional response routine
  2. breaking the chain
  3. substituting other responses to target behavior
43
Q

What is desensitization?

A

diminished emotional responsiveness to a negative or aversive stimulus after repeated exposure to it

44
Q

What is stimulus generalization?

A

other stimuli that have similar characteristics as the anxiety-producing stimulus that acquire the ability to produce fear and anxiety

45
Q

What are the steps to build anxiety-stimulus hierarchy?

A
  1. describe the fear
  2. list fear-producing scenes
  3. rank the scenes according to SUDs
  4. smooth out the hierarchy
  5. stack the deck
46
Q

What are SUDs?

A

Subjective units of discomfort

47
Q

What are the 3 steps to muscle relaxation?

A
  1. general loosening up
  2. tense and relax different parts of the body
  3. deep breathing
48
Q

How do you implement the desensitization process?

A

Make sure person is fully relaxed
visualize the hierarchical scene vividly
no anxiety= move on to next scene
anxiety=put card down, relax, and try same card
never go to a new scene until fully relaxed
track progress

49
Q

What are the two steps to cognitive reconstruction?

A

..

50
Q

What is reciprocal inhibition?

A

• make a response that inhibits anxiety (muscle relaxation) occur in the presence of the anxiety-provoking stimuli in order to weaken the bond between these stimuli and anxiety

ABSC 304 (1 decks)

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