Exam 4 Flashcards
CPP range and calculation
60-80 MIN 55. MAP - ICP
MAP range and calculation
70-100. (DBP x 2 + SBP) / 3
ICP range
10-15, MAX 20
what to do if CPP low
increase BP- give vasopressors or fluids
what to do if ICP is high
give osmotic diuretics - mannitol, reverse trendelenberg, low stimulation environment
factors that increase ICP
seizures, injury, positional change, fever, pain, stimulation
what does projectile or new vomiting indicate
TBI is re-bleeding
epidural vs subdural bleed
epi: FAST and dangerous. sub: slow bleed that may not be identified until days later
C4 injury causes what
inability to breathe
T6 injury causes what
paraplegia
cervical spine injury causes what
quadriplegia
lumbar spine injuries cause what
incontinence, sensory changes, weakness, possibly paralysis
when does spinal shock occur
can occur after any spinal injury, response to inflammation causing temporary loss of sensation, paralysis that resolves once inflammation decreases (24hrs-6 weeks) keep MAP above 85
key symptoms of neurogenic shock
bradycardia, hypotension, change in LOC, metabolic acidosis, loss of temperature regulation
key nursing intervention for neurogenic shock
raise head of bed slowly, bolus isotonic fluids/crystalloids (NaCl, LR, D5)
key nursing action for autonomic dysreflexia
SIT HEAD UP ASAP, treat cause of pain (ex: unkink cath)
what is does tensilon test confirm
myasthenia gravis - HR will decrease due to increased contractility of heart
what is the treatment for MG
pyridostigmine - increases ACh stimulation
what is the cause of cholinergic crisis
MG med overdose- SLUDGE acronym + muscle weakness, twitching, paralysis
