Exam 4 Flashcards
How do you differentiate between delrium, depression, and dementia?
delrium- reversible and acute
depression- gradual mood change over two weeks
dementia- chronic and not a fast onset
List techniques that help to prevent delirium
Identify those @ risk of injury
Hearing aids, glasses available
Maintain orientation
Careful observe and supervision
Optimize nutrition, hydration, and regular continence
Communicate clearly & address sensory impairment
Be alert to changes in LOC
Minimize risk & agitation
Minimize using of antipsychotic mediation
Minimize pts confusion
How is the progression of ALZ dementia different from the progression of vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and Lewy body dementia?
*What is Wernicke Korsakoff’s dementia? How is it prevented?
Is a neurological disorder caused by lack of thiamine (vit B1). Causing lesion on the brain
Causes: chronic alcoholism
Malabsorption of thiamine (IBD or cancer)
Prevention: thiamine
*Why is Thiamine important for the prevention of KorsaKoff’s Dementia?
Cause deficiency of thiamine cause lesion on the brain which cause Wernicke’s encephalopathy (reversible acute phase if treated immediately). If left untreated, Korsakoff syndrome will develop (irreversible chronic phase with permanent brain damage)
What is the primary reason for medically assited treatment for opioid use disorder?
MAT (medically assisted treatment)
Is for treating/managing the behavior of opioids addiction eg methadone
What opioid has the longest half-life? Why is a long half-life preferred for the management of opioid addiction?
Methadone (Dolophone)
Bc it is a synthetic opiate that blocks the craving, prevents opioids withdrawal and manage the symptoms
*What is a 12 step Program?
Help ppl that have desire of quitting drinking or using substances eg AA
What is the black box warning on antipsychotic medications for the elderly persons with dementia?
Increase risk of sudden death and cerebrovascular event.
What medications should you avoid giving to someone who is experiencing a delirium that is not related to alcohol or benzodiazepine withdrawal?
Benzos eg lorazepam (Activan)
What is CIWA?
Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol
Is a tool used for assessment of Management of alcoholic withdrawal
^# = severe withdrawal
*What is the cage questionare? What does CAGE stand for?
Is a tool used to screen for alcohol disorders/substance abuse
Cut, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye opener
*What is the SAD persons scale? When is it used?
An assessment tool used for suicide risk
It is used in clinical (referral/admission) and educational settings
What is suboxone? How is suboxone administered? Why is suboxone administered this way?
Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone) it is a partial opioid agonist which blocks the s/s pf opioids withdrawal
Administer under tongue for better absorbation
What are common physical findings associated with chronic alcohol abuse?
Digestive problems
Liver enlargement & disease
Ascites
Jaundice
Muscle wasting
Cancer of breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, voice box, colon, rectum
^BP
Heart disease
