Exam 4 Flashcards
Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?
Optic
The ___ is NOT a motor cranial nerve.
olfactory nerve
abducens nerve
trochlear nerve
accessory nerve
hypoglossal nerve
Olfactory nerve
When you show your stroke patient common objects like an apple or a telephone, he cannot recognize and name them. This is called
Agnosia
The brain center most concerned with emotion is
The limbic system
The hypothalamus plays a role in controlling all of the following except
hormone secretion.
body temperature.
sleep and circadian rhythms.
speech.
hunger.
Speech
You are too cold you shiver, and you are too hot you sweat. The _____ acts as the body’s thermostat.
Hypothalamus
A virus invades the brain, and as a result you become cross-eyed. Which of the following nerves was damaged?
Abducens
Almost all sensory signals pass through the ___ on the way to the cerebrum.
Thalamus
Recognition of spoken & written language is attributed to
Wernicke’s area
Which of the following is the incorrect pairing?
diencephalon; thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
brain stem; midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
amygdala; emotions
cerebrum; higher brain functions
hippocampus; controls body temperature
hippocampus; controls body temperature
If you are thinking about a special song right now, you are most likely to be using this lobe of the cerebral cortex
Temporal
Which of the cranial meninges consists of dense irregular connective tissue in two layers (the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer)?
Dura mater
An abnormal sudden massive discharge of neurons in the brain will cause seizures indicative of which of the following conditions?
Epilepsy
You notice that your grandpa is often yelling at his family and cannot remember where he ate dinner last night. He may be suffering from
Alzhemiers
Unwanted muscle contractions are inhibited by the
Basal nuclei
Receptors for hearing are located in the
Cochlea
If you catch a glimpse of a bird flying from one tree to another, the _____ is responsible for tracking that object.
superior coliculus
If you hear a book drop at the back of the room, the _____ is responsible for the reflex action of turning your head in response to the sound.
Inferior coliculus
A cochlear implant treats
Deafness
What happens when you tilt your head back?
the otoliths are pulled by gravity pushing against hair cells causing hair bundles to bend
The medical or scientific term for normal vision is:
Emmetropia
Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?
vestibularcochlear
Movement of hair cells in the semicircular canals signals
Direction of motion
The taste receptor that amino acids such as glutamate activate is
Umami
The fibrous tunic of the eye
Consist of anther cornea and posteriors sclera
The ______ nerves send signals to skeletal muscle.
Somatic motor
The parasympathetic nervous system is associated with which of the following activities?
Urination
Dual innervation occurs when viscera receive nerve fibers from both
Sympathetic & parasympathetic division
_____ directly enhance activity of the parasympathetic NS.
parasympathomimetics
When 2 divisions act on different effectors to produce a unified effect, we call this
Cooperative effect
Which of the following is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?
causes pupils to dilate
bronchodilation
decreases heart rate
goosebumps
increases sweating
Decrease heart rate
“Rest & Digest” refers to the
Parasympathetic nervous system
_____ directly suppress activity of the parasympathetic NS.
paraympatholytics
The paravertebral and collateral ganglia are associated with the _____________ division of the autonomic nervous system.
sympathetic
Your entire grade depends on whether you can answer this question correctly. Your ____ division will stimulate an increase in heart rate, increase in blood pressure, and reduce the blood flow to your skin and digestive tract, and your ___ system will enable you to circle the correct answer.
Sympathetic : somatic motor
Which of the following is an example of a sympathetic effect?
increased digestion
bronchoconstriction
pupillary dilation
vasoconstriction of coronary arteries
serous salivary secretion
Pupillary dilation
Cranial Nerve IV
Trochlear
Cranial Nerve I
Olfactory
Cranial nerve III
Oculomotor
Cranial Nerve V
Trigeminal
Cranial Nerve VI
Abducens
Cranial nerve VII
Facial
Cranial Nerve VIII
Vestibulocohlear
Cranial Nerve IX
Glossopharyngeal
Cranial Nerve X
Vagus
Cranial Nerve XI
Accessory
Cranial Nerve XII
Hypoglossal
Sensory Cranial Nerves
Optic , olfactory , Vestibulochlear
Motor cranial Nerves
Oculomotor , Trochlear , Accessory , Hypoglossal
Both sensory and Motors cranial Nerves
Trigeminal, Abducens , Facial, Glossopharyngeal , Vagus
Function of CN ( I )
Olfactory - smell ( nose )
Function of CN ( II )
Optic - vision ( eyes )
Function CN (III )
Oculomotor- motor ( eye movement)
Function of CN ( IV )
Trochlear - eye movement ( downward gaze )
Function Cranial Nerve V
Trigeminal - somatic sensation ( facial/mouth/cornea ) muscle mastication
Function CN ( VII)
Facial - facial movements, taste from anterior tongue , lacrimal and salivary glands
Function CN ( VI )
Abducens - lateral eye movement
Function of CB VIII
Vestibulocchlear - sensory - hearing , sense of balance
Function of CN IX
Glossopharyngeal- sensory/motor - sensation from posterior tongue ; pharynx; salivary gland
Function of CN X
Vagus - sensory/motor : autonomic function of gut and cardiac : vocal cord and swallowing
Function of CN XI
Accessory - motor - shoulder and neck function
Function of CN XII
Hypoglossal- motor - movement of tongue
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Chronic pain disorder that cause sudden severe facial pain
Bell’s Palsy
Unexplained episode of facial muscle weakness or paralysis
Rostral
Toward the nose
Caudal
Toward the tail
Cortex
Surface later of graph matter
Nuclei
Deep masses of gray matter
Tracts
Bundle of axons ( white matter )
Cerebrum vs cerebellum
Cerebrum makes up most of the brain ( 83%) and the cerebellum is smaller part of the brain ( 11%)
Components of brain stem
Pons , medulla oblongata and thalamus
CSF & its function
Cerebrospinal Fluid - fluids that flows in and around the brain and spiral cords. Helps cushion the brain , provide nutrients, and remove waste
How does CSF arise ?
It is made from the choroid plexus
