Exam 4 Flashcards
Which area of the cerebrum is likely to be affected in a patient with loss of voluntary motor function following a head injury?
Frontal lobes
Which communication method would be implemented by the nurse when communicating with a patient who has expressive aphasia?
Offer pictures or a communication board so the patient can point
For a middle-aged adult patient needing surgical removal of an inflamed gallbladder, the nurse would anticipate the surgeon prescribing what screening tests?
ECG/EKG, & chest x-ray
The nurse teaches perineal care to the caregiver of a female patient. The nurse instructs the caregiver to clean the vulva using the downward strokes with a clean washcloth. Which complication is the nurse trying to prevent by providing this instructions?
Urinary tract infections
Which complication of dysphagia might the nurse observe in a 70-year-old patient admitted to the hospital post stroke who has right-sided hemiplegia and dysphagia?
Aspiration pneumonia
An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) requests help transferring a patient a patient who is 125lbs (56.8kg) from the bed to a wheelchair. The patient is unable to assist. To maintain the safety of the patient and the caregivers, what response would the nurse make?
A. “As long as we use proper body mechanics, no one will get hurt.”
B. “The patient only weighs 125lbs. You don’t need my assistance.”
C. “We will work together and use the full-body sling lift.”
D. “The two of us can easily lift the patient.”
C. “ We will work together and use the full-body sling lift.”
A patient is admitted to the hospital for a scheduled cataract surgery. While assessing the patient, the nurse realizes that the patient has a progressive hearing disorder. Which condition would the nurse document in the electronic health record?
Presbycusis
Which common postoperative complication is likely to occur among patients who are obese?
Pneumonia, infection, & hypoxemia
What parameter is being assessed when a nurse is performing a Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) on an alcoholic patient?
orientation and cognitive function
What instruction would the nurse give a patient who has reduced taste sensation and is finding food less appealing?
“Avoid blending or mixing foods.”
What symptom is in the effect of taste bud atrophy in older adults?
Difficulty differentiating flavors
What technique would help to restore a sense of time, place, and person for an older adult after an acute hospitalization?
Reality orientation
A patient on extended bed rest is unable to dorsiflex the feet. What condition would the nurse associate with this finding?
Footdrop
What action would the nurse avoid when assisting an older adult with dysphagia to eat?
Giving large bites to stimulate swallow reflex
What type of exercise is walking?
isotonic
Isotonic refers to active movement w/ constant muscle contraction
For a child with cerebral palsy, which assessment finding would the nurse expect to observe?
Spasticity
—a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of muscle, which might interfere with movement, speech, or be associated with discomfort or pain.
What findings are characteristics of stage III surgical anesthesia?
Depressed reflexes, regular breathing, and relaxed skeletal muscles
For a patient recovering from hip surgery, what device would the nurse use to reduce the risk of external hip rotation?
Trochanter roll
What objective datum is a sign of good nutrition in a patient?
Pink gingiva in mouth
What postoperative risk would be increased among older adult patients?
Hemorrhage, increased systolic BP, increased diastolic BP
Which condition is MOST commonly associated with damage to the lower spinal cord?
paraplegia
Which action by the nurse will provide relief to the caregiver of a patient with cognitive alterations and in the terminal stages of cancer after learning that the patients caregiver is extremely stressed and has not been able to take time for a personal life?
Helping the caregiver set a regular time for respite
Which part of the body would the nurse examine when assessing a patient’s peripheral vascular system?
Fingernails
What assessment strategy performed by the nurse helps determine the spatial perception of the patient?
Having the patient draw the face of a clock
What risk is a patient with peripheral neuropathy likely to encounter?
Pt may be vulnerable to injury
Peripheral neuropathy—happens when the nerves that are located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves) are damaged
A patient presents with itching and a reddened scalp from head lice. What precautions would the nurse take to prevent the spread of lice?
Contact
What device assists in preventing venous stasis in the lower extremities of a patient on bed rest?
Antiembolism hose
What patient condition is the nurse trying to prevent by providing a thickened liquid diet while caring for a geriatric patient with dysphagia?
Aspiration
What symptoms does the nurse expect in a patient under the influence of cocaine?
Impulsive behavior, increased heart rate, impaired coordination
What condition would the nurse associate with myopia?
Ability to see only a short distance
—nearsightedness.
What first line medication does the nurse anticipate administering to a postop patient who has a productive cough, chest pain, dyspnea, fever, and adventitious breath sounds?
Antibiotic
Fever=more than likely infection
the nurse is caring for a 78-year-old patient who is terminally ill and needs end-of-life care. Which type of care would alleviate pain and other symptoms?
Hospice care
What type of diet decreases risk for cancer and cardiovascular diseases?
Mediterranean diet
Use of energy to change simple materials into complex body substances and tissue; promotes cell growth
Anabolism-metabolism
Serve as fat storage molecules
Glycerides
