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psy 3300 > exam 4 > Flashcards

exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a social clock?

A

internal time based on social norms and expectations

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2
Q

intimacy vs isolation

A

teens to 20s; search for relationships and friendships

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3
Q

generativity vs stagnation

A

40s-60s, reflect on life choices

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4
Q

integrity vs isolation

A

60s- older;

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5
Q

when is social clock set?

A

ideal ages for both sexes to finish school and have a family

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6
Q

5 Big personality traits

A

O- openness, C- conscientiousness, E- extroversion, A- aggreableness, N- Neuroticism

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7
Q

what is a social convoy?

A

group of people who provide a protective layer of social relations to guide, encourage individuals in life

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8
Q

what are two things friends have in common

A

age, similar values/experiences

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9
Q

what are 5 things friends provide?

A

health, advice, companionship, laughter, information

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10
Q

how do friends change with age?

A

improve and become close and less problematic

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11
Q

how does physical distance affect family bonds

A

doesn’t weaken them

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12
Q

how are parent-adult children relations affected when living together

A

tend to worsen

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13
Q

3 things that increase between parents and adult children

A

closeness, forgiveness, pride

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14
Q

what is familism?

A

belief that family members should sacrifice personal freedom to care for each other

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15
Q

how are fictive kin treated in families?

A

like family member

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16
Q

4 reasons adult seek committed partners

A

help raise children, share resource, provide care for each other,intimacy

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17
Q

In the U.S what percent of people are married by what age?

A

85% are married by age 40

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18
Q

3 things in married couples

A

happier, healthier, richer

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19
Q

what fraction of all U.S marriage is remarriage?

A

1/2

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20
Q

what type of marriages have highest divorce rate

A

2nd marriage

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21
Q

what is generativity?

A

when adults seek to be productive in a caring way

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22
Q

what is the “saying” regarding caregiving?

A

people NEED to be NEEDED

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23
Q

what is a kin-keeper

A

person who maintains communication between family members; share news about illness, accomplishments

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24
Q

sandwich generation

A

caregivers take care of children and their parents

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25
Q

what do adults part of sandwhich generation do?

A

hire caregivers to take care of parents

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26
Q

how does our body cope with stress

A

organ reserve

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27
Q

how is organ reserve affected as we age?

A

reserve is depleted, aging is not noticed

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28
Q

what is problem focused coping

A

when you attack issue directly, commonly used by young people

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29
Q

what is emotion focused coping

A

when they change feelings about situation; used by older adults

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30
Q

what is an allostic load?

A

combination of stress and disease a person must deal with

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31
Q

which style of coping do most men use?

A

problem-focused

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32
Q

what style of coping do most women use?

A

emotion- focused

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33
Q

gerontology

A

scientific study of old age

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34
Q

what is fastest growing age group?

A

people over 100 years

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35
Q

how is american demographics divided/shaped

A

thirds and square

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36
Q

what are 3 categories gerontologist distinguish between

A

young-old, old-old, oldest-old

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37
Q

young old age bracket

A

60-75

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38
Q

old old age bracket

A

75-85

39
Q

oldest old

A

85+

40
Q

what are 3 things gerontologist based on ?

A

health, age, well being

41
Q

how do vitamins needs change with age?

A

tend to increase

42
Q

how do calories need change with age?

A

tend to decrease

43
Q

what is primary aging?

A

irreversible changes occur

44
Q

what is secondary aging?

A

changes caused by illnesses and conditions

45
Q

what is the most troubling aspect for edlery

A

social isolation

46
Q

what are cataracts?

A

thickening of the lens causing cloudy visions

47
Q

what is glaucoma?

A

hardening of eyeball due to buildup of fluid

48
Q

what is senile macular degeneration?

A

deterioration of retina

49
Q

what are two things happen to body system during late adulthood>

A

slower, less efficient

50
Q

what illnesses are most common in late adulthood?

A

heart disease, stroke, cancer, pulmonary disease

51
Q

Maslow hierachy of needs

A

5) physiological needs, 4) safety needs, 3), love and belonging, 2) esteem and success, 1) self actualization, self transcendence

52
Q

how does empty nest affect marriage?

A

increase income, improves marriage satisfaction

53
Q

why is social clock less rigid?

A

historical and social conditions changed

54
Q

how does SES effect social clock

A

the lower the SES , the faster social clock ticks

55
Q

ecological niche

A

a person’s social context

56
Q

unisex personality

A

men become less aggresive and women become assertive and less conforming

57
Q

How are intimacy needs met?

A

relatives, friends, co workers, romantic partners

58
Q

dependency ratio

A

2 independent adult for 1 dependent

59
Q

how do western cultures view parent-adult children relationships?

A

they dont want to burden children

60
Q

what characteristic increases cultural between parent-adult children

A

closeness

61
Q

how do eastern cultures view the adult-children relationships?

A

they view caring for parents as a good trait and being dependent as acceptable

62
Q

how is relationship between adult siblings

A

they become friends

63
Q

how does someone become fictive kin?

A

if an individuals family orgin is destructive

64
Q

3 things that influence quality of marriage

A

1) childhood experience
2) cohabitation before marriage
3) partner’s personalities

65
Q

define ageism?

A

using age to categorize a person; prevents people from being seen as individuals

66
Q

why is ageism declining?

A

advances in gerontology and demographic data

67
Q

why is demography changing?

A

decline in birth rates, increase in longevity

68
Q

Calories needs do what with age?

A

decrease by 10%

69
Q

what is best diet for late adulthoof

A

healthy and varied

70
Q

what are some characteristics in primary aging?

A

Skin: becomes dry/thinner, wrinkles/ age spots appear
Hair: thinner and gray
Men may have pattern baldness

71
Q

what is leading cause of death for people over 60?

A

falling

72
Q

Both sexes have less strength in ?

A

legs

73
Q

How is vitality determined?

A

lower body agility

74
Q

what percentage of elderly have eye dieases?

A

65-80 = 5%
ove 80 yrs= 40%

75
Q

what is presbycusis?

A

age-related hearing loss

76
Q

what is tinnitus?

A

ringing of the ears

77
Q

How are sensory impairments fixed?

A

technology, specialist care, personal detemination

78
Q

define compression of morbidity

A

limited time spent ill, postpone onset of diease,

79
Q

define wear and tear theory?

A

body wears out with use and disease

80
Q

define genetic clock theory

A

lifespan is genetically programmed into species

81
Q

what is average life expectancy in the U.S ?

A

women-80
men- 75

82
Q

define epigenetic theory

A

influenced by genes and environment

83
Q

selective adaptation

A

young and old can die, middle must stay

84
Q

cellular theory of aging

A

aging is caused by cellular accidents from cellular reproduction

85
Q

genetic clock theory

A

believes genes predetermined exact moment death

86
Q

B-cells function

A

make antibodies that attack bacteria; found in bone marrow

87
Q

T-cells function

A

attack infected cells; found in thymus gland

88
Q

Immune system differences in gender

A

women are stronger/ more efficient
women are healthier than men

89
Q

characteristics of long lived people

A

moderate diet, hard work, exercise, strong ties to others, rural environment

90
Q

Self theory

A

person must rely on themselves to fufill potential

91
Q

Contiuity theory

A

personality remain stable over time; curious person attends college

92
Q

positivity theory

A

optimization over compensation; most common in elderly

93
Q

5 ADLs

A

eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, moving

psy 3300 (2 decks)

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