Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHM 603 Infectious Disease > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is syphilis caused by?

A

Spirochete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is syphilis transmitted?

A

Direct mucocutaneous contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the stages of syphilis?

A
  1. Primary (chancre at site of inoculation, can be symptomatic or asymptomatic)
  2. Secondary (within 6 months of initial infection, high risk of hematogenous dissemination, rash, fatigue, malaise, sore throat)
  3. Latency (early latency occurs within 1-2 years of initial infection and is asymptomatic, late latency has progressive organ involvement like CV complications)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When should asymptomatic patients be screened for syphilis?

A

If they have high risk factors for acquisition and factors for transmission (like pregnancy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What diagnostic tests can be done for symptomatic syphilis patients?

A
  1. Nontreponemal test (also used for disease monitoring, tells us if there is an active infection)
  2. Treponemal test (antibody test, can tell us that the patient had syphilis at one point)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Drug of choice for treating syphilis

A

Benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units IM single dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is chlamydia caused by?

A

C. trachomatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does chlamydia look like in women?

A
  • Affects the cervix
  • 75% are asymptomatic
  • 50% end in endometritis
  • Small percent has severe infection
  • Symptoms = vaginal discharge, abnormal vaginal bleeding, purulent endocervical discharge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does chlamydia look like in men?

A
  • Common cause of nongonococcal urethritis
  • Majority asymptomatic
  • Symptoms = mucoid or watery urethral discharge and dysuria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treatment of chlamydia

A

Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID for 7 days

  • Alternatives = Azithromycin 1 g PO , Levofloxacin 500 mg PO QID for 7 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment of chlamydia in pregnancy

A
  • Azithromycin 1 g PO
  • Amoxicillin 500 mg PO TID for 7 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Presentation of gonorrhea

A

Urethritis, cervicitis, pharyngitis, PID

  • Symptoms appear within 10 days (there are some cases of asymptomatic patients)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If you don’t treat gonorrhea, what can it lead to?

A
  • Bacteremia
  • Arthritis
  • Meningitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment of gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM

  • Alternative = cefixime, cefotaxime + azithromycin, cefoxitin + azithromycin
  • If penicillin allergy = azithromycin, gentamicin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treatment of gonorrhea in pregnancy

A

Ceftriaxone + azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inpatient treatment of PID

A
  • Cefotetan IV, Cefoxitin IV + doxycycline PO
  • Clindamycin IV + gentamicin

For 14 days

17
Q

Outpatient treatment of PID

A

Ceftriaxone IM

Cefoxitin IM + doxycycline PO

For 14 days

18
Q

What is expedited partner therapy (EPT)?

A

Allows health care providers to provide a patient with either antibiotics or a written prescription intended for the patient’s sexual partner

19
Q

EPT Recommended Drug Regimens for Sexual Partners with Chlamydia but not Gonorrhea

A

Azithromycin 1 g PO single dose

20
Q

EPT Recommended Drug Regimens for Sexual Partners with Gonorrhea Regardless of Chlamydia

A

Cefixime single dose + azithromycin single dose

21
Q

When should people be screened for chlamydia and gonorrhea?

A

Any sexually active individual with signs and symptoms

  • Do NAATs (nucleic acid amplification tests
22
Q

COVID delta variant attributes

A
  • Increased transmissibility
  • Reduction in neutralization by post-vaccination era
23
Q

COVID omicron variant attributes

A
  • Potential increased transmissibility
  • Potential reduction in neutralization by post-vaccination era
24
Q

Why are neutralizing monoclonal antibodies not used anymore for treatment of COVID?

A

Because they are not active against the different variants

25
Q

Therapies for patients who are at high risk of progressing to severe COVID-19

A
  • Preferred = paxlovid, remdesivir
  • Alternative = molnupiravir
26
Q

Therapies for hospitalized patients that don’t need oxygen supplementation (COVID)

A

If they are at high risk of progressing to severe COVID, give remdesivir

27
Q

Therapies for hospitalized patients that require oxygen supplementation (COVID)

A
  • If minimal conventional oxygen is required, use remdesivir
  • In most patients, use dexamethasone + remdesivir
  • In patients who are receiving dexamethasone and who have rapidly increasing oxygen needs and systemic inflammation, use PO baricitinib or IV tocilizumab

PHM 603 Infectious Disease (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions