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exam 4 > exam 4 > Flashcards

exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Which clinical condition is the presence of a calculi within the kidney?

A

Nephrolithiasis

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2
Q

What would not happen when the body responds to dehydration?

A

Aquaporins decrease

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3
Q

In the countercurrent multiplayer which structure is the ‘countercurrent’?

A

None of these choices

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4
Q

Which hormone is responsible for increasing water reabsorption

A

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

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5
Q

What part of the nephron does antidiuretic hormone not affect/target

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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6
Q

What occurs in the thin region of the ascending limb of the nephron loop?

A

Passive Na+ movement

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7
Q

What process is likely overwhelmed if a hyperglycemic patients urine sample tests positive for glucose?

A

Reabsorption

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8
Q

Which of the following contributes to inward pressure

A

All of these choices

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9
Q

Which of the following can affect glomerular filtration rate?

A

All of these choices

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10
Q

What is true about glomerular filtration

A

Plasma proteins stay in the blood

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11
Q

Where does the majority of tubular secretion occur?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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12
Q

What would happen if the capsular hydrostatic pressure increased above normal

A

Net filtration would decrease

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13
Q

Fluid found in the glomerular capsule is similar to the plasma except it does not contain

A

Plasma protein

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14
Q

What condition is when one of both testes fail to descend to the scrotum

A

cryptorchidism

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15
Q

An embryo that has implanted outside of the uterus is knowns as

A

Ectopic Pregnancy

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16
Q

During a vasectomy, what structure is cut

A

Vas deferens

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17
Q

Which of the following are correctly paired properties to anatomy of the sperm?

A

None of these choices

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18
Q

In testosterone regulation, what happens when luteinizing hormone binds to leading cells

A

Increases testosterone production

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19
Q

During hormone regulation in females, which hormone stimulates follicles to create estradiol

A

LH

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20
Q

Semen consists of mostly sperm

A

False

21
Q

Polyspermy is when

A

Multiple sperm have joined with an egg

22
Q

Without additional signaling, all humans are born female

A

True

23
Q

Which is a secondary sex characteristic

A

All of these choices

24
Q

What hormone affects appetite control and metabolism

A

Leptin

25
Q

What hormone is released in response to low levels of glucose in the blood

A

Glucogon

26
Q

It is important that pepsin is active through the entire digestive tract

A

False

27
Q

If a patient is lactose intolerant, what symptom would you likely observe

A

Two of these choices

28
Q

What condition is a reduction of oxygen carrying capacity in a patient due to intrinsic factor being too low

A

Pernicious anemia

29
Q

What hormone is released by the heart to lower blood pressure

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

30
Q

What is true when comparing the nervous system and the endocrine system

A

Nervous: short-durtation for responses
Endocrine: long-duration for responses

31
Q

What is most likely to use a second messenger system

A

Water-soluble hormones

32
Q

In cAMP signaling, what is the enzyme that degrades cAMP when it is no longer needed

A

Phosphodiesterase

33
Q

What hormone responds to low calcium levels in the blood

A

None of these choices

34
Q

Desensitizing target cells to hormones can be done by increasing receptor count

A

False

35
Q

When multiple hormones interact with a target cell, the interaction where one hormone cannot affect the cell without the presence of another hormone is called

A

Permissiveness

36
Q

Which is not a tropic hormone from the anterior pituitary

A

Growth hormone (GH)

37
Q

Which sign of diabetes mellitus is characterized as excessive thirst

A

Polydipsia

38
Q

What is the antagonist to the hormone that responds to low calcium levels in the blood

A

Calcitonin

39
Q

Where in the body would you find active amylase

A

Mouth and small intestine

40
Q

What vitamin is water soluble

A

C

41
Q

Which condition is due to when food stays in the colon for too long and too much water is absorbed

A

Constipation

42
Q

If the parietal cells in the stomach were no longer functional what would be the most abundant enzyme found in the stomach

A

pepsinogen

43
Q

What would you find in pancreatic juice

A

All of these choices

44
Q

What enzyme is responsible for cleaving peptides by taking single amino acids one at a time

A

Carboxypeptidase

45
Q

Which condition is due to too little saliva being made which presents as dry mouth

A

Xerostomia

46
Q

What is the scientific term for swallowing

A

deglutition

47
Q

Intrinsic factor is necessary to absorb which vitamin

A

None of these choices

48
Q

Which process is considered a mechanical breakdown of food

A

Mastication

exam 4 (1 decks)

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