Exam 4 Flashcards
1
Q
Function of the Reproductive System
A
Produce offspring (continue the existence of the species)
2
Q
Males and Females produce sperm
A
MALE
3
Q
Get sperm to egg (oocyte) , ensure the survival of the offspring
A
MALE
4
Q
Houses testes; temperature control
A
SCROTUM
5
Q
provide nerve/blood
A
Spermatic cord
6
Q
move testis to/from the body
A
Cremaster Muscle
7
Q
Move testis to/from each other
A
Dartos Muscle
8
Q
Produce sperm & hormones
A
Testis
9
Q
Sperm production (meiosis); almost continuous from puberty to death. Approximately 300 million per day.
A
Seminiferous Tubule
10
Q
Testosterone production
A
Leydig Cells
11
Q
Inhibin Production
A
Sertoli Cells
12
Q
Tube network to connect seminiferous tubule to epididymis
A
Rete Testis
13
Q
Both mitotic and meiotic
A
Spermatogonia
14
Q
conduct mitosis and one cell becomes primary spermatocyte (Meiotic)
A
Spermatogonia
15
Q
Ends with two secondary spermatocytes
A
Meiosis I
16
Q
Ends with four spermatids
A
Meiosis II
17
Q
(In testis sperm formation) During movement into epididymis and during storage
A
spermatid tail develops forming sperm
18
Q
Stores sperm, allows sperm to mature
A
EPididymis
19
Q
Transport sperm from rete testis into head of epididymis
A
Efferent Ducts
20
Q
Connects epididymis to Ejaculatory Duct; Transports sperm toward urethra
A
Vas Deferens
21
Q
Junction of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle (located in the prostate gland)
A
Ejaculatory Duct
22
Q
Accessory glands produce what???
A
Produce Semen
23
Q
Produces 60% of semen (contains fructose; high pH)
A
Seminal vesicle
24
Q
25% of semen (contains enzymes to maximize sperm mobility)
A
Prostate Gland
25
15% of semen (contains mucous for lubrication; high pH, often releases fluids before ejaculation-orgasm)
Bubourethral gland
26
Semen (During ejaculation, approx. ( ) of semen is released
2.5-5.0
27
Allows penetration in vagina for sperm release
Penis
28
contrains erectile tissue
Penis
29
Increased size, rigidity during reproduction ; decreased size, flexibility for protection when not reproducing
Erectile tissue
30
functions with urinary system for waster removal (urethra transports sperm and urine
Penis
31
Urethra transports what???
Sperm and urine
32
what controls inflow and outflow of blood
Sphinecters
33
Increase inflow, decrease outflow
Erection
34
superior portion of penis, two lateral structures, at proximal end, form crus of penis (point of attachment of the body)
Corpi Cavernosa
35
Inferior portion of penis, at proximal end, forms bulb of penis; at distal end, forms glans penis
Corpus Spongiosum
36
Swollen distal portion containing many sensory neuron endings
Glans
37
Folded integument around glans for protection
Prepuce
38
Sperm remains in epididymis until arousal
Sperm transport
39
DUring arousal,
sperm travels through vas deferens to ejaculatory duct
40
if no ejaculation
sperm dies and is washed out during urination
41
Ejaculation forces sperm
out of penis
42
Produced by Antier Pituitary Gland, stimulates sperm production
Follicle-stimulating Hormone
43
Produced by Anterior Pituitary Gland, stimulates testesterone production
Lutenizing Hormone
44
Produced by Leydig cells in testes, stimulates development of secondary sex traits
Testosterone
45
Produced by Sertoli cells in testes
Inhibin
46
Produced when sperm levels increase in seminiferious tubules
Inhibin
47
Shuts off follicle-stimulating hormone
Inhibin
48
Male Secondary Sex Traits
```
Increase muscle/bone development
deeper voice
increase hair growth
broadens pectoral girdle (shoulders)
Increase oil/sweat production
stimulates aggressive behavior
increases libido
```
49
Female function of Reproductive System
Produce eggs (oocyte)
provide for embryo growth
ensure the survival of the offspring
50
Function of Ovary
Produce ova and hormones
51
Outer region, contains follicles
Ovarian corte
52
inner region, contains blood vessels, nerves
Ovarian medulla
53
simple cuboidal epithelium covering ovary
Germinal epithelium
54
Fibrous connective tissue protecting ovary
Tunica Abuginea
55
Egg production
produced by meiosis in follicles
56
Oogonia are
both mitotic and meiotic
57
Androgens converted to estrogen and proogresterone
Post-Menopause
58
Onset varies (35-60 yo), not dependent upon births
Menopause
59
Ovaries fail to respond to FSH and LH
Menopause
60
Day 1-5 (uterine cycle)
Menustration
61
day 2-28 (uterine cycle)
Development of new endometrium
62
Removal of old endometrium (uterine cycle)
Menustration
63
if pregnancy occurs (day 20)
implantation of embryo
64
Increase FSH causes follicular dvlpment, several hundred primordial become primary then secondary.... one or 2-3 become graafian (ovarian cycle)
DAY 1-13
65
Ovulation of secondary oocyte from Graafian follicle
Day 14
66
Corpus hemorrhagcum becomes corpus luteum, apoptosis (deteriation) of underdeveloped follicles
DAy 15
67
Corpus luteum becomes corpus albicans
Day 26-28
68
day 1-13 hormonal cycle
increase fsh cause increase estrogen
increase estrogen decrease fsh
decrease fsh causes decrease estrogen
69
spike in LH and FSh
day 14 of hormonal cycle
70
produced by ovaries, causes dilation of uterus
relaxin
71
produced by ovaries, shuts off follicle stimulating hormone, minor function in female due to activity of estrogen
Inhibin
71
produced by ovaries, shuts off follicle stimulating hormone, minor function in female due to activity of estrogen
Inhibin
72
produced by corpus luteum
progesterone
73
produced by ovaries, stimulates decrease in fsh production, development of secondary sex traits
estrogen
74
produced by anterior pituaitary gland, stimulates ovulation
Lutenizing hormone
75
follicle stimulating hormones
produced by anterior pitautiry gland, stimulates follicle dvlpment, estrogen production
76
excrete milk
mammae(nipples)
77
darkened skin surrounding mammae
areola
78
production of milk
mammary glands
79
modified suboriferous gland, produce milk
alveoli
80
transport milk
lactiferous duct
81
store milk
lactiferous sinuses
82
Production of milk for offspring (may function for biolofical attraction of mate
Breasts
83
production of fluids for lubrication
glands
84
erectile tissue at base of vagina
vestibular bulb
85
adipose protection near pubic sympysis
mons pubis
86
protection from infection
labia majora
87
protection from infection, stimulation during intercourse
labia minora
88
stimulation during intercoarse
clitoris
89
lubrication during intercourse, allow sperm access, sexual response
Vulva
90
anterior/posterior pouches (blind at in interior end
fornix
91
partial to complete extension of muscosa covering external opening
hymen
92
lining folded into rugae to
increase surface area
93
allow penetration of penis for sperm deposition, lubrication during intercourse, becomes birth canal
Vagina
94
mucosal lining of uterus
Endometrium
95
permanent basal layer
stratum basalis
96
deciduous layer
stratum functionalis
97
outer covering of uterus
perimetrium
98
thick muscular layer of uterus
myometrium
99
muscosal lining
endometrium
100
house embryo for development
uterus
101
ventral extension superior to uterine tubes
fundus
102
base structure
body
103
dorsal constriction near vaginal end
cervix
104
transport oocyte to uterus
uterinne tubes
105
site of fertilization
uterine tubes
106
move oocytes from ovary to fallopian tubes
fimbrae
107
follicle, immediately post-ovulation
corpus hemorrgagicum
108
enlarged grandulosal cells
corpus luterum
109
deteriorating corpus luteum
corpus albicans
110
therca
covering
111
surround antrum and oocye
granulosal
112
fluid filled spacr
antrum
113
protein matrix surrounds oocyte
zona pellucida
113
protein matrix surrounds oocyte
zona pellucida
113
protein matrix surrounds oocyte
zona pellucida
114
protein matrix surrounds oocyte
zona pellucida
115
protein matrix surrounds oocyte
zona pellucida
116
protein matrix surrounds oocyte
zona pellucida
