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Reproductive System > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the Reproductive System

A

Produce offspring (continue the existence of the species)

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2
Q

Males and Females produce sperm

A

MALE

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3
Q

Get sperm to egg (oocyte) , ensure the survival of the offspring

A

MALE

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4
Q

Houses testes; temperature control

A

SCROTUM

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5
Q

provide nerve/blood

A

Spermatic cord

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6
Q

move testis to/from the body

A

Cremaster Muscle

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7
Q

Move testis to/from each other

A

Dartos Muscle

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8
Q

Produce sperm & hormones

A

Testis

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9
Q

Sperm production (meiosis); almost continuous from puberty to death. Approximately 300 million per day.

A

Seminiferous Tubule

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10
Q

Testosterone production

A

Leydig Cells

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11
Q

Inhibin Production

A

Sertoli Cells

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12
Q

Tube network to connect seminiferous tubule to epididymis

A

Rete Testis

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13
Q

Both mitotic and meiotic

A

Spermatogonia

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14
Q

conduct mitosis and one cell becomes primary spermatocyte (Meiotic)

A

Spermatogonia

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15
Q

Ends with two secondary spermatocytes

A

Meiosis I

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16
Q

Ends with four spermatids

A

Meiosis II

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17
Q

(In testis sperm formation) During movement into epididymis and during storage

A

spermatid tail develops forming sperm

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18
Q

Stores sperm, allows sperm to mature

A

EPididymis

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19
Q

Transport sperm from rete testis into head of epididymis

A

Efferent Ducts

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20
Q

Connects epididymis to Ejaculatory Duct; Transports sperm toward urethra

A

Vas Deferens

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21
Q

Junction of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle (located in the prostate gland)

A

Ejaculatory Duct

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22
Q

Accessory glands produce what???

A

Produce Semen

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23
Q

Produces 60% of semen (contains fructose; high pH)

A

Seminal vesicle

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24
Q

25% of semen (contains enzymes to maximize sperm mobility)

A

Prostate Gland

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25
Q

15% of semen (contains mucous for lubrication; high pH, often releases fluids before ejaculation-orgasm)

A

Bubourethral gland

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26
Q

Semen (During ejaculation, approx. ( ) of semen is released

A

2.5-5.0

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27
Q

Allows penetration in vagina for sperm release

A

Penis

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28
Q

contrains erectile tissue

A

Penis

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29
Q

Increased size, rigidity during reproduction ; decreased size, flexibility for protection when not reproducing

A

Erectile tissue

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30
Q

functions with urinary system for waster removal (urethra transports sperm and urine

A

Penis

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31
Q

Urethra transports what???

A

Sperm and urine

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32
Q

what controls inflow and outflow of blood

A

Sphinecters

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33
Q

Increase inflow, decrease outflow

A

Erection

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34
Q

superior portion of penis, two lateral structures, at proximal end, form crus of penis (point of attachment of the body)

A

Corpi Cavernosa

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35
Q

Inferior portion of penis, at proximal end, forms bulb of penis; at distal end, forms glans penis

A

Corpus Spongiosum

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36
Q

Swollen distal portion containing many sensory neuron endings

A

Glans

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37
Q

Folded integument around glans for protection

A

Prepuce

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38
Q

Sperm remains in epididymis until arousal

A

Sperm transport

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39
Q

DUring arousal,

A

sperm travels through vas deferens to ejaculatory duct

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40
Q

if no ejaculation

A

sperm dies and is washed out during urination

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41
Q

Ejaculation forces sperm

A

out of penis

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42
Q

Produced by Antier Pituitary Gland, stimulates sperm production

A

Follicle-stimulating Hormone

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43
Q

Produced by Anterior Pituitary Gland, stimulates testesterone production

A

Lutenizing Hormone

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44
Q

Produced by Leydig cells in testes, stimulates development of secondary sex traits

A

Testosterone

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45
Q

Produced by Sertoli cells in testes

A

Inhibin

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46
Q

Produced when sperm levels increase in seminiferious tubules

A

Inhibin

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47
Q

Shuts off follicle-stimulating hormone

A

Inhibin

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48
Q

Male Secondary Sex Traits

A 
Increase muscle/bone development
deeper voice
increase hair growth 
broadens pectoral girdle (shoulders)
Increase oil/sweat production 
stimulates aggressive behavior
increases libido
49
Q

Female function of Reproductive System

A

Produce eggs (oocyte)
provide for embryo growth
ensure the survival of the offspring

50
Q

Function of Ovary

A

Produce ova and hormones

51
Q

Outer region, contains follicles

A

Ovarian corte

52
Q

inner region, contains blood vessels, nerves

A

Ovarian medulla

53
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium covering ovary

A

Germinal epithelium

54
Q

Fibrous connective tissue protecting ovary

A

Tunica Abuginea

55
Q

Egg production

A

produced by meiosis in follicles

56
Q

Oogonia are

A

both mitotic and meiotic

57
Q

Androgens converted to estrogen and proogresterone

A

Post-Menopause

58
Q

Onset varies (35-60 yo), not dependent upon births

A

Menopause

59
Q

Ovaries fail to respond to FSH and LH

A

Menopause

60
Q

Day 1-5 (uterine cycle)

A

Menustration

61
Q

day 2-28 (uterine cycle)

A

Development of new endometrium

62
Q

Removal of old endometrium (uterine cycle)

A

Menustration

63
Q

if pregnancy occurs (day 20)

A

implantation of embryo

64
Q

Increase FSH causes follicular dvlpment, several hundred primordial become primary then secondary…. one or 2-3 become graafian (ovarian cycle)

A

DAY 1-13

65
Q

Ovulation of secondary oocyte from Graafian follicle

A

Day 14

66
Q

Corpus hemorrhagcum becomes corpus luteum, apoptosis (deteriation) of underdeveloped follicles

A

DAy 15

67
Q

Corpus luteum becomes corpus albicans

A

Day 26-28

68
Q

day 1-13 hormonal cycle

A

increase fsh cause increase estrogen
increase estrogen decrease fsh
decrease fsh causes decrease estrogen

69
Q

spike in LH and FSh

A

day 14 of hormonal cycle

70
Q

produced by ovaries, causes dilation of uterus

A

relaxin

71
Q

produced by ovaries, shuts off follicle stimulating hormone, minor function in female due to activity of estrogen

A

Inhibin

71
Q

produced by ovaries, shuts off follicle stimulating hormone, minor function in female due to activity of estrogen

A

Inhibin

72
Q

produced by corpus luteum

A

progesterone

73
Q

produced by ovaries, stimulates decrease in fsh production, development of secondary sex traits

A

estrogen

74
Q

produced by anterior pituaitary gland, stimulates ovulation

A

Lutenizing hormone

75
Q

follicle stimulating hormones

A

produced by anterior pitautiry gland, stimulates follicle dvlpment, estrogen production

76
Q

excrete milk

A

mammae(nipples)

77
Q

darkened skin surrounding mammae

A

areola

78
Q

production of milk

A

mammary glands

79
Q

modified suboriferous gland, produce milk

A

alveoli

80
Q

transport milk

A

lactiferous duct

81
Q

store milk

A

lactiferous sinuses

82
Q

Production of milk for offspring (may function for biolofical attraction of mate

A

Breasts

83
Q

production of fluids for lubrication

A

glands

84
Q

erectile tissue at base of vagina

A

vestibular bulb

85
Q

adipose protection near pubic sympysis

A

mons pubis

86
Q

protection from infection

A

labia majora

87
Q

protection from infection, stimulation during intercourse

A

labia minora

88
Q

stimulation during intercoarse

A

clitoris

89
Q

lubrication during intercourse, allow sperm access, sexual response

A

Vulva

90
Q

anterior/posterior pouches (blind at in interior end

A

fornix

91
Q

partial to complete extension of muscosa covering external opening

A

hymen

92
Q

lining folded into rugae to

A

increase surface area

93
Q

allow penetration of penis for sperm deposition, lubrication during intercourse, becomes birth canal

A

Vagina

94
Q

mucosal lining of uterus

A

Endometrium

95
Q

permanent basal layer

A

stratum basalis

96
Q

deciduous layer

A

stratum functionalis

97
Q

outer covering of uterus

A

perimetrium

98
Q

thick muscular layer of uterus

A

myometrium

99
Q

muscosal lining

A

endometrium

100
Q

house embryo for development

A

uterus

101
Q

ventral extension superior to uterine tubes

A

fundus

102
Q

base structure

A

body

103
Q

dorsal constriction near vaginal end

A

cervix

104
Q

transport oocyte to uterus

A

uterinne tubes

105
Q

site of fertilization

A

uterine tubes

106
Q

move oocytes from ovary to fallopian tubes

A

fimbrae

107
Q

follicle, immediately post-ovulation

A

corpus hemorrgagicum

108
Q

enlarged grandulosal cells

A

corpus luterum

109
Q

deteriorating corpus luteum

A

corpus albicans

110
Q

therca

A

covering

111
Q

surround antrum and oocye

A

granulosal

112
Q

fluid filled spacr

A

antrum

113
Q

protein matrix surrounds oocyte

A

zona pellucida

113
Q

protein matrix surrounds oocyte

A

zona pellucida

113
Q

protein matrix surrounds oocyte

A

zona pellucida

114
Q

protein matrix surrounds oocyte

A

zona pellucida

115
Q

protein matrix surrounds oocyte

A

zona pellucida

116
Q

protein matrix surrounds oocyte

A

zona pellucida

Reproductive System (1 decks)

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