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BIO 151 > Exam #4 > Flashcards

Exam #4 Flashcards

1
Q

TRH

A

HYPOTHALAMUS
Thyrotrophin- releasing hormone (TRH)
promotes secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL)

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2
Q

CRH

A

HYPOTHALAMUS
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Promotes secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

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3
Q

GnRH

A

HYPOTHALAMUS
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Promotes secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

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4
Q

GHRH

A

HYPOTHALAMUS
Growth hormone- releasing hormone (GHRH)
Promotes secretion of growth hormone (GH)

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5
Q

PIH

A

HYPOTHALAMUS
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)
inhibits secretion of prolactin (PRL)

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6
Q

Somatostatin (Inhibiting)

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

Inhibits secretion of growth hormone (GH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

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7
Q

FSH

A 
Anterior Pituitary
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Ovaries, Testes
Female: growth of ovarian follicles and assists in the secretion of estrogen
Male: sperm production
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8
Q

LH

A 
Anterior Pituitary
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Target Organ/Tissue: Ovaries, Testes
Principal Effect
Female: Ovulation, maintenance of corpus luteum
Male: testosterone secretion
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9
Q

TSH

A

Anterior Pituitary
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)/Thyrotropin
Target Organ/Tissue: Thyroid
Principal Effect: growth of thyroid, secretion of thyroid hormones

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10
Q

ACTH

A

Anterior Pituitary
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Target Organ/Tissue: Adrenal Cortex
Principal Effect: growth of adrenal cortex, assists in secretion of hormones released from the adrenal cortex

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11
Q

PRL

A 
Anterior Pituitary
Prolactin (PRL)
Target Organ/Tissue: Mammary glands, testes
Principal Effect:
Female: milk synthesis
Male: Increased LH sensitivity
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12
Q

GH

A

Anterior Pituitary
Growth Hormone (GH)
Target Organ/Tissue: liver, bone, cartilage, muscle, fat
Principal Effect: widespread tissue growth, especially in the stated tissues

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13
Q

ADH

A

Posterior Pituitary
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Target Tissue/Organ: Kidneys
Principal Effects: water retention, maintain BP

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14
Q

OT

A

Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin (OT)
Target Tissue/Organ: Uterus, Mammary Gland
Principal Effects: labor contractions and milk release

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15
Q

Meltonin

A

Pineal Gland
Target Tissue/Organ: Brain
Principal Effects: uncertain, may influence mood and sexual maturation

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16
Q

Thymosin

A

THYMUS
Superior to the heart, behind manubrium
Thymosin
Target Organ/Tissue: Immune Cell –T lymphocyte
Principal Effect: Stimulate T lymphocyte development and activity

17
Q

T4 & T3

A

Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)
Target Tissue/Organ: Most Tissues
Follicular Cells: Secretes T3 and T4
Principal Effects:
Elevates metabolic rate and heat production
Increases RR, HR, and strength of heartbeat
Stimulates appetite and accelerates breakdown of nutrients
Growth of skin, hair, nails, fetal NS

18
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid Gland
Target Tissue/Organ: Most Tissues, Bone
Parafollicular cells: Secretes calcitonin
Principal Effects:regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the blood, decreases blood calcium by stimulating bone deposition, opposes parathyroid hormone

19
Q

PTH

A

Parathyroid Gland
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Target Organ/Tissue: Bone, Kidneys, Small Intestines
Principal Effect: Raises blood calcium level by stimulating bone reabsorption, opposes calcitonin

20
Q

Mineralcorticoids

A

Adrenal Cortex

regulate body’s electrolyte balance

21
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Adrenal Cortex

regulate metabolism of glucose and other organic fuels

22
Q

Androgens

A

Adrenal Cortex

various reproductive and developmental functions

23
Q

Aldosterone

A

Adrenal Cortex
Target Organ/Tissue: Kidney
Principal Effect: promotes sodium and water retention and potassium excretion
Maintains blood pressure

24
Q

Cortisol

A

Adrenal Cortex
Target Organ/Tissue: Most Tissues
Principle Effect: stimulate fat and protein catabolism, tissue repair, and stress resistance

25
Q

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal Medulla
Target Organ/Tissue: Most Tissues
Chromaffin cells: Release a mixture of these hormones which are commonly called neurotransmitters as well
Principal Effects
Increase alertness and prepare the body in several ways for physical activity
Mobilize high energy fuels such as lactate, fatty acids, and glucose
Helps liver boost glucose levels

26
Q

Insulin

A

Pancreas
Beta Cells
Target Organ/Tissue: Most Tissues
Principal Effect: stimulates glucose uptake, lowers blood sugar level

27
Q

Glucagon

A

Pancreas
Alpha Cells
Target Organ/Tissue: Liver
Principal Effect: Stimulates glucose breakdown, raises blood sugar level

BIO 151 (2 decks)

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