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World History Honors > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Reformation

A

Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches in Europe

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2
Q

Islam

A

Religion based on the teachings of Muhammad and the scripture known as the Quran

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3
Q

Mosque

A

Place of worship for Muslims

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4
Q

Jerusalem

A

City that is sacred to all 3 monotheistic religions

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5
Q

Monotheistic Religions

A

Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, all trace roots to the Hebrew bible

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6
Q

95 Theses

A

Beginning of the Protestant Reformation; written by Martin Luther

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7
Q

Renaissance

A

“Rebirth” from 1300-1700; Emphasis on the Indiviualism

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8
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Scientist and artist of the Renaissance

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9
Q

Gutenburg Printing Press

A

Invented by Johann Gutenberg; his contribution to the Renaissance

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10
Q

Hanry VII

A

Established the Church of England when the Catholic church and the Vatican refused to grant him a divorce

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11
Q

Aztecs

A

Inhabited Mexico in the 13th century, had a single ruler, and achieved their empire through conquests

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12
Q

Mayans

A

South American civilization, had greatest early achievements in the field of astronomy

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13
Q

Vasco de Gama

A

Found trade routes between India and Europe

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14
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

Improved standards through food crops and heavily impacted the Americas by the spread of disease, affected Plains cultures by giving them horses for hunting

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15
Q

Indentured Servant

A

Type of worker who signed a contract to perform work without wages for a set number of years in return for transportation to Colonial America

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16
Q

Encomienda System

A

Forced labor of indigenous people in the Americas

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17
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

His voyage proved it is possible to sail around the world

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18
Q

Thirty Years’ War

A

Conflict between Europe Protestants and Hapsburg Catholics from 1618 and 1648

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19
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A

General of the Puritans in the English Civial war, later ruled the country and abolishes the monarchy

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20
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

Declared by Hanry IV of France saying Huguenots could live in peace in France

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21
Q

Japanese Farming

A

Impacted by physiographic feature of mountain, 1/4 of the land is mountanious, there is limited flat land for farming or human settlement

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22
Q

John Locke

A

“Two Treatieses of Government”; foundation for representative government, ideas expressed in the Enlightenment and in the US Constitution

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23
Q

Baron de Montequieu

A

Came up with the idea of the separation of powers

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24
Q

Robert Boyle

A

Consisdered the founder of mondern chemistry

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25
Q

Voltaire

A

Fought for tolerance and freedom of speech; jailed and exiled because of his teachings

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26
Q

Enlightenment

A

Affected people’s political and religious views by questioning faith and the world around them, caused by Renaissance and Reformation

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27
Q

French and Indian War

A

Fought between Britain and France over territory in North America, Britian won

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28
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

Boston colonists dump tea into Boston harbor because of anger over imprt tax on tea

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29
Q

Heliocentric Theory

A

Sun-centered theory of the universe, developed by Copernicus

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30
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Believed absolute monarch was the best form of government

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31
Q

Adam Smith

A

Enlightenment thinker that criticized mercantilism and proposed free trade

32
Q

Napoleonic Code

A

Developed by Napoleon, influenced laws of new countries

33
Q

Causes of French Revolution

A

Main cause was increased taxes, also the French were greatly inspired by the American Revolution

34
Q

Estates General

A

Legislative system of the Old regime of France in which the First and Second Estates could always out-vote the Third

35
Q

Maximillon Robspierre

A

Gained power in 1793, rule known as Reign of Terror, also changed the French calendar, closed all churches, and did away with Sundays

36
Q

Marie Antoinette

A

Queen of France at the beginning of French Revolution, originally from Austria

37
Q

Unification of Germany

A

Caused by Prussia uniting Germanic peoples

38
Q

Mahatma Gandhi

A

Inspired by nationalism, affected Indian society by opposing British rule through civil disobedience

39
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Led to the rise of labor unions and lower transportaion cost, caused by the use of interchangeable parts manufacturing, most factory workers experienced a repititve simple task during this time

40
Q

Seed Drill

A

Allowed England to industriallize before before other countries becuase it decreased the need for agricultural workers

41
Q

Industrialization in England

A

Caused improvements in farming techniques and population growth

42
Q

Textiles

A

Industry that enabled Industrial Revolution to spread from Great Britain to the US

43
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system in which the factors of productiona re privately owned and money is invested to make a profit

44
Q

The Ten Hous Act

A

Law passed in 1847 the limited the workday to ten hours for women children

45
Q

Causes of WWI

A

Complex alliances among European Powers

46
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Held Germany responsible for WWI, payment of war reprations angered Germans the most

47
Q

Tanks (WWI)

A

First introduced by Britain in WWI

48
Q

Trench Warfare

A

Warfare tactic used in WWI in response to improvements in weaponry

49
Q

Submarine Warfare (WWI)

A

Used by Germaans in WWI to counter the British naval blockade of their shores

50
Q

Schlieffan Plan

A

Called for Germany defeating France in the west and the rushing east to fight Russia, ruined by Germany’s defeat at the First Battle of the Marne in WWI

51
Q

Zimmerman Note

A

Telegram from Germany to Mexico that provoked U.S. entry into WWI

52
Q

Bolsheviks

A

More radical group of revolutionaries that followed Karl Marx’s ideas

53
Q

Five-Year Plans

A

Outlined by Stalin for economic devloment; called for impossibly high quotas of coal, oil, and steel and limited production of consumer goods

54
Q

Bloody Sudnay

A

Nicholas II ordered protestors fired upon when they marched to the palace in Petrograd in 1905

55
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Totalitarian dictator of the Soviet Union who limited people’s rights and ruled for over 20 years

56
Q

Totalitarian States

A

Used propaganda and censorship to control the hearts and inds of their citizenry

57
Q

New Deal

A

Consisted of large public works programs to provide jobs proposed by Roosevelt to help stop the Great Depression

58
Q

Dawes Plan

A

$200 million loan from U.S. to Germany in 1923; helped Germany recover from the 1923 inflation and set a more realistic schedule for its reparation payments

59
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Believed nationalsim would improve social and economic problems in Germany

60
Q

Francisco Franco

A

Led the authoritarian grovernment that emerged in Spain following the Spanish civil war

61
Q

Blitzkrieg

A

Germeny’s plicy of attacking suddenly in WWII

62
Q

Charles de Gaulle

A

Franch genral who set up government-in exile in London when France became occupied by Germany in WWII

63
Q

General Erwin Rommel

A

German genreal who led forces in Egypt also known as the “desert fox”

64
Q

Battle of Britan

A

Began in the summer of 1940 witht he Luftwaffe boming London

65
Q

Scorched-Earth Policy

A

Used by the Soviet Union as a strategy during Germany’s invation in 1941

66
Q

Atomic Bomb

A

Used to end WWII in the Pacific because it was believed an invation of Japan would cost too many casualties; authorized President Truman

67
Q

United Nations

A

Organization founded after WWII to maintain international peace and social progress

68
Q

“Baby Boomers”

A

Generation of people born after WWII during strong economic growth of teh post-WWII period

69
Q

Peal Harbor

A

Japanese attacked because the U.S. implementedan oil embargo against Japan

70
Q

Bataan Death March

A

March of over 50 miles in the Philippines in which the Japanese killed over 16,000 prisoners of war

71
Q

Kristallnacht

A

Happened on November 9, 1938, Nazi mobs attacked Jews in the streets and destroyed Jewish businesses

72
Q

Concentration Camp

A

Jewish prisoners were divided upon arrival

73
Q

Extermination

A

Final stage of genocide in which Nazi Germany used gas chambers on the Jewish prisoners

74
Q

NATO and the Marshall Plan

A

shared the same goal of containing the spread of communism

75
Q

Apartheid

A

Term used to describe lows no longer in effect in South Aftrica the separtated the races

World History Honors (1 decks)

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