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Experimental Psychology > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between MS treatment and MS error?

A

MS treatment assumes the null hypothesis is true

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2
Q

MS error is __________ condition variance (error) while MS treatment is __________ condition variance (error + treatment)

A

Within, between

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3
Q

If there is an effect of the treatment, the MS treatment will be _______ than MS error

A

Bigger

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4
Q

MS treatment also includes the effect of the ________

A

Treatment

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5
Q

If the null hypothesis is true then MS error and MS treatment will be ______

A

Equal

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6
Q

What are MS error and MS treatment?

A

Estimates of population variance

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7
Q

What does oX (sigma, subscript X Bar) represent?

A

Standard error of the mean

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8
Q

What are the basic assumptions shared by all three t-tests?

A

Data is normally distributed

Interval or ratio data

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9
Q

Assumptions of a one sample t-test?

A

Interval or ratio

Normally distributed

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10
Q

Assumptions of a paired samples t-test?

A

Interval or ratio
Normally distributed

Differences between pairs of scores are normally distributed

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11
Q

Assumptions of an independent samples t-test?

A

Interval or ratio
Normally distributed

Independence of scores
Homogeneity of variance

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12
Q

What is the test of homogeneity of variance?

A

Levene’s test

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13
Q

If Levene’s test is significant we report the _____ line

A

Bottom

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14
Q

What is alpha?

A

The chance of incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis
The chance of making a Type I error
The cutoff point against which the p-value is judged

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15
Q

What is power?

A

The chance of rejecting an incorrect null hypothesis (finding an effect when it is really there)

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16
Q

Describe the central limit theorem

A

Taking multiple random samples from a population, the more samples we take the more our data will approach the normal distribution

17
Q

How many degrees of freedom do you report in an ANOVA? E.g. F (df)

A

2

18
Q

What does ij refer to in a conceptual model?

A

Which person in which group

19
Q

One way between groups ANOVA, conceptual model is made up of: (use formula sheet, use ij)

A

The overall mean, the effect of which group they’re in, plus a little bit of error due to difference between that persons score and the group mean

20
Q

The one way of one way between groups ANOVA means…

A

One IV

21
Q

What is the main issue with follow up tests for ANOVAs?

A

A high Type 1 error rate (family wise error)

22
Q

Roughly how is family wise error rate for ANOVAs calculated?

A

Per comparison error rate x number of comparisons

23
Q

When running follow up tests for a planned comparison ANOVAS, we use l________ c_______ which assign weights to each group to control for family wise error rate.

A

Linear contrasts

24
Q

BMW

A 
Between groups (Iv 2xlevels)
Mann-Whitney or Wilcoxons
25
Q

WW

A 
Within groups (IV 2 levels)
Wilcoxons signed ranks test
26
Q

BKW

A 
Between group (IV >2 levels)
Kruskal Wallis test
27
Q

WF

A

Within groups (IV >2 levels)

Fried mans test

28
Q

Multiple comparisons tests for factorial ANOVAS

A

Two types

A priori - linear contrasts
Post hoc - SNK Sheffes Test

29
Q

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution is also called the…

A

Standard error

30
Q

Which ANOVAS is uncommon, we don’t need to know about for exam?

A

Repeated measures factorial ANOVAS

31
Q

Non parametric tests to not involve estimating ________

A

Population parameters

32
Q

Advantages of factorial ANOVAS

A

Generalisability of results
e.g. Not just whether drug is effective but what level of depression it is effective for

Interaction effects
e.g. CBT + drug

Economy
e.g. Look at several IVs in one study - cheaper!

33
Q

What are the three types of factorial ANOVA?

A

Within
Between
Mixed

34
Q

How many versions of MS treatment are there in a factorial ANOVA?

A

3 - one for each IV, and one for the interaction

35
Q

How many MS errors do we calculate for a factorial ANOVA?

A

One

36
Q

Which degrees of freedom are reported in an ANOVA? The IV or interaction and _______

A

Error (within)

37
Q

When writing up the results of an ANOVAS, we must include what sentence to account for homogeneity of variance.

A

Levene’s test reveals that the assumption of homogeneity of variance was supported.

38
Q

When writing up the results of an ANOVAS, we must include what sentence after we check histograms for normally distributed data?

A

The Shapiro -Wilk test and a visual inspection of the data confirmed the assumption of normality was supported

Experimental Psychology (2 decks)

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