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Adult Nursing II Exam 3 > Exam 3 Tutoring > Flashcards

Exam 3 Tutoring Flashcards

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1
Q

What is wrong when there is a pacemaker spike followed by a flatline & how can this issue be fixed?

KNOW THIS!!!!…per Hayley

A

Failure to capture (heart isn’t reacting to the pacemaker that just fired)

FIX: ↑ milliamps

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2
Q

What are the signs & symptoms of a tension pneumothorax?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A
  • Tracheal deviation
  • Dyspnea
  • Accessory muscle use
  • ↑ RR
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3
Q

How is a tension pneumothorax treated?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A

Chest tube is placed to restore negative air pressure (pulls air out of pleural space)

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4
Q

What side would you turn the patient on who has diffuse disease (like pneumonia) throughout all of the left lung fields?

KNOW THIS!!!!…per Haylely

A

Place the patient with their good side down so that the bad side has time to rest / take a break

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5
Q

What is seen on an EKG in oversensing & undersensing?

KNOW THIS!!!…Per Hayley

A

Oversensing: long break with no pacer spike

Undersensing: random pacer spike in the QRS complex

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6
Q

How is undersensing fixed?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A

You have to ↑ sensitivity **= ↓ millivolts)

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7
Q

How is oversensing fixed?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A

need to decrease the sensitivity = ↑ millivolts

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8
Q

What is seen on an EKG in oversenesing? How is it fixed?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED

A

long break with no pacer spike

FIX: need to increase sensitivity by ↓ millivolts

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9
Q

What is seen on an EKG in undersensing? How is it fixed?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED ↑ ↓

IN RED

A

random pacer spikes in the QRS complex

FIX: need to decrease sensitivity by ↑ millivolts

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10
Q

What medications & risk factors can falsely change BNP labs?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A

ARNIs = ↑ BNP
Females = ↑ BNP

  • Obesity = ↓ BNP
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11
Q

What is the twin epidemic?

A

The number of patients with A-Fib & Heart Failure in the US are going up at the same time

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12
Q

What is Allen’s Test?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A

Used to see if the ulnar artery is providing blood supply to the hand to determine if the radial artery an be used

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13
Q

What does a Swan Ganz catheter measure?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A

Measures pulmonary artery

  • Measures O2 sat. in pulmonary artery
  • Measures cardiac output
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14
Q

What is Virchow’s Triad & what does it indicate?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED

A
  • Vessel injury
  • Venous stenosis
  • Hypercoaguability

Increased risk for PE

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15
Q

How can a pulmonary embolism cause right-sided heart failure?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED

A

Pulmonary hypertension leads to ↑ afterload causing heart failure

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16
Q

What are 2 signs of impending death in a patient with status asthmaticus?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED ↑ ↓

A
  • CO2 > 70 (↑ CO2 & ↓ PO2)
  • Silent Chest (no air movement)
17
Q

What does the chest x-ray in a patient with ARDS look like?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED ↑ ↓

A

1.) First the x-ray appears normal

2.) It slowly progresses to white out (fluid) as the patient progresses through the stages of ARDS

18
Q

What does SIADH lead to in cancer patients and why?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED ↑ ↓

A

↓ Na+ due to↑ ADH (from increased fluid)

19
Q

What is Kayexalate?

A

Removes potassium in cancer patients

20
Q

What is the normal range for cardiac output?

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED

A

4 - 8 liters (based on BMI)

21
Q

What can cause decreased & increased preload?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A
  • ↑ preload = due to ↑ fluid
  • ↓ preload = due to hemorrhagic shock or bleeding
22
Q

What can cause increased or decreased contractility?

KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A
  • ↑ Contractility = due to posoitive inotrope (like dobutamine)
  • ↓ Contractility = due to negative inotrope or acidosis
23
Q

What can cause increased or decreased afterload?

**KNOW THIS!!!…per Hayley

A
  • ↑ afterload = due to HTN
  • ↓ afterload = due to sepsis
24
Q

List treatments for pulmonary edema

KNOW THIS!!!…IN RED

A
  • Diuretics (decrease fluid)
  • Ventilation / supplemental O2
  • Suction (of frothy sputum)
  • Fluid restrictions
  • Regular turning & prone position

Adult Nursing II Exam 3 (7 decks)

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