Exam 3: Translation Flashcards
What is included in the translation apparatus?
tRNA, 35 base mRNA, and ribosome
True or false: rRNA transcribed by RNA polymerase I is a double stranded primary transcript
False: rRNA transcribed by RNA polymerase I is a single stranded primary transcript
RNA polymerase III transcribes
5S rRNA
Where is eukaryotic RNA processed?
In the nucleolus
What is the role of snoRNA in eukaryotic rRNA processing?
Cleavage, methylation, base modification,
What are the three binding sites of the ribosome?
E, P, A
Define anticodon
a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA molecule that base pair with complementary sequence in mRNA.
Aminoacyl tRNA
Charged tRNA with amino acid that preform the first step of protein synthesis
Aminoacyl tRNA synthase
Essential enzymes (one for each amino acid) that ligate amino acids to their corresponding tRNAs in protein synthesis
Peptidyl tRNA
tRNA carrying the nascent polypeptide
What is the role of the A site of the ribosome?
site of ribosome where aminoacyl-tRNA enters
What is the role of the P site of the ribosome?
site of ribosome occupied by peptidyl-tRNA
What are the three stages of translation
Initiation, elongation, and termination
What occurs during initiation?
load ribosomes on the mRNA, find AUG start codon
What occurs in elongation
iteratively extend the growing peptide chain by
one amino acid
