Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ID Therapeutics :') > Exam 3- the big one > Flashcards

Exam 3- the big one Flashcards

1
Q

risk factors for strep. pneumonia

A

rusty colored sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

risk factors for pts with h. influenzae & m. catarrholis

A

-common in pts with: COPD, EtOH abuse, cystic fibrosis, HIV, impaired humoral immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

risk factors for pts with anaerobes

A

-LOC, post seizures, overdose (ant aspirations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

risk factors for pts with CA-MRSA

A

-severe CAP/ICU admission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tx of mycoplasma pneumonia

A

-doxy, macrolides, FQs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tx of chlamydophilia pneumonia

A

-doxy, macrolides, FQs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tx of legionella pnesmonia

A

Levofloxazin IV x10-21days

-alt= azithro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

outpt CAP (healthy pts)

A

1- PO amoxicillin

  • PO doxy
  • PO macrolide (azithro)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

outpt CAP (w/ comorbids)

A

-PO amox/clav OR cefpodox/cefdinir/cefurox) PLUS azithro

PO respiratory FQ (levo, moxi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

inpt non-severe tx of CAP

A

-IV beta lactam + macrolide OR resp, FQ (ex: amp/sulb/ceftriaxone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

inpt severe tx of CAP

A
  • IV beta lactam + macrolide or

- IV beta lactam + resp. FQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what 2 abx do you check for QTc prolongations?

A

quinolones & azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

emerpric TX of HAP–> S. pneumonia (MSSA)

A

1) ceftriaxone
2) ampicillin/sulbactam
reserve: levofloxacin, moxifloxican & ertapenem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

HAP tx of MRSA

A
  • vancomycin

- linezolid (serotonin syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

HAP tx of pseudomonas

A

1) cefepine
2) pip/tazo
others: ceftazidine, imiperem, meropenem, aztreonam, cipro (PO), levofloxacin, aminoglycosides
Last resort: colistin, polymyxin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when do use ABX in sinusitis?

A
  • persistant symptoms >10 days
  • severe symptoms >3-4 days (fever >102, purulent nasal discharge, facial pain)
  • worsening symptoms after a typical viral upper respiratory infection (new onset of fever, headache, or inc nasal discharge)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sinusitis tx

A 
#1: amox/clav (high dose if severe infection, daycare, age <2, >65, recent hospitalization, abx use in prior month & immunocompromised --> 2g PO BID or 90mg/kg po) 
others: FQs, clinda + cefpodoxine or cefuroxine (allergy), doxy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pharyngitis -most common bacterial cause & symptoms

A

-group A strep: sudden onset of sore throat, age 5-25 yrs, fever, headache, tonsilopharyngeal inflammation, palatal petechiae, scarlatiniform rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

tx of pharyngitis

A

1: penicillin V or amoxicillin x10d

Mild allergy: cephalexin x10d
Severe allergy: clindamycin x10d, azithromycin x5d
unlikely adherence: benzathine penicillin IM x1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

symptoms of viral pharyngitis

A

(rhinovirus) conjunctivitis, coryza, cough, diarrhea, hoarseness, discrete ulcerative stomatitis, viral erythema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what not to give with pharyngitis?

A

corticosteroids!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

signs & symptoms of otitis media:

A

-fluid in the ear, inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear, ear pain, ear drainage, hearing loss, non-specific: fever, lethargy or irritability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

0titis media: when to give antibiotics:

A
  • 6mo-12yr + mod-severe pain or temp 102.2

- 6mo- 23mo + non-severe bilateral acute OM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Otitis media: when to consider antibiotics

A
  • 6mo-23 mo + non-severe unilateral

- 2-12yr + acute non-severe acute OM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

initial 1st line for OM

A

-amoxicillin
-amox/clav IF purulent conjunctivitis or recurrent unresponsive to amox
ALT: cefdinir, cefuroxime, cefodoxime, ceftriaxone (IM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

if initial tx fails after 48-72 hrs for OM

A

1st line: amox/clav or ceftriaxone

alt: ceftriaxone or clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

when to use ABX in COPD exacerbation: (3)

A
  • inc in dyspnea
  • inc in sputum production
  • inc in sputum purulence (hallmark sign)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what abs are used in COPD exacerbation?

A

-azithromycin, doxycycline or amox/clav for 5-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

symptoms of meningitis

A

top 3: fever, change in mental status, rigid body

-headache, nausea, lethargy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

2-50 yrs meningitis bacteria & tx

A

S. pneumoniae, N. meningitides

-vanco + ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

> 50 yrs meningitic bacter & tx

A

S. pneumoniae, N. meningitides, L. monocytogens, aerobic - bacilli
-vanco + 3rd gen ceph & ampicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

abx with good BBB penetration

A
  • FQs

- linezolid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

abx with BBB penetration w/ inflammation

A
  • ampicillin
  • ceftroaxone
  • vanco
34
Q

abx to treat n. meningitides

A

-pen G or ampicillin –> 3rd gen ceph

35
Q

abx to treat H. influenzae (meningitis)

A

-ampicillin –> 3rd gen ceph

36
Q

abx to treat L. monoytogenes (meningitis)

A

-ampicillin or pen G

37
Q

when to use dexamethasone

A

-adjunctive therapy in children and infants with h. influenzae or adults with pneumococcal meningitis

38
Q

risk factors for endocarditis

A

-congenital heart disease, prolonged vascular access, IV drug use, prosthetic material, valve dysfunction & inc age

39
Q

clinical presentation of endocarditis

A

fever, chills, weakness, weight loss, malaise, heart murmers, acute disease (peripheral manifestations oslers nodes, janeways lesions, roths spots, septic emboli)

40
Q

modified duke criteria (endocarditis)

A

1) positive blood culture –> at least 2 separate blood cultures drawn > 12hrs apart
2) positive echocardiogram

41
Q

tx for Viridans group strep pen G MIC < .12

A
  • pen G + gentamicin
  • ceftriaxone + gentamicin
    (allergic: vanco)
42
Q

tx for viridans group strep pen G MIC > .12

A

-ceftriaxone

43
Q

MRSA abx for endocarditis

A

1) vancomycin

- daptomycin

44
Q

MSSA abx for endocarditis

A

1) naficillin

- cefazolin

45
Q

staph aureus- prosthetic valve MRSA

A

-vanco + rifampin + gentamicin

46
Q

staph aureus- prosthetic valve- MSSA

A

-nafcillin + gentamicin

47
Q

enterococcus abx tx for endocarditis

A

-ampicillin + ceftriaxone

pen resistant: vanco + gentamicin

48
Q

morbidity rate

A

diseased state, disability or poor health due to any cause, incidence of risk of developing a new medical condition

49
Q

mortality rate

A

of deaths in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time

50
Q

disability adjusted life year (DALY)

A

measure of the time lived with disability & the time lost due to premature mortality

51
Q

quality adjusted life year (QALY)

A

combines expected survival & expected quality of life into single number, measure of the value that individuals place on expected years or survival

52
Q

uncomplicated malaria txs & duration

A

-artemether + lumefantrine
-aretesunate + amodiaquine
-artesunate + mefloquine
-duhydroartemisin + piperaquine
-artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrinethamine
3 day duration

53
Q

AEs of artesunate

A

-hypersensitivity, mild GI, rare QT, rare hepatotoxicity (IV & PO)

54
Q

how is ebola transmitted?

A
  • infected body fluids, through damaged skin, mucosa & parentally via:
  • blood
  • stool
  • saliva
  • sweat
  • urine
  • vomit
  • breast milk
  • tears & seamen
55
Q

how to prevent ebola?

A
  • use PPE
  • stay 2 meters/6ft away
  • no symptoms = not contagious BUT still in the seamen
56
Q

tx of uncomplicated of p. falciparium

A

-artemether + lumefantrine
-artesunate +. amodiaquine
-artesunate + mefloquine
-dihydroartemisin + piperaquine
-artersuante + sulfadoxine-pyrinethamine
(3 day duration)

57
Q

drugs with good oral bioavailability

A
  • macrolides
  • fqs
  • metronidazole
  • doxycycline
  • linezolid
  • bactrim
58
Q

what drug is only used for UTI (and enterococci & pseudomonas)

A

fosfomycin

59
Q

what are the restricted antimicrobials (3)

A

-daptomycin, meropenem & tigcycline

60
Q

when do you treat asymptomatic UTIS?

A
  • prego

- new kidney transplant or planned urologic procedure

61
Q

when do you give Remdesivir?

A

hospitalized pts with o@ <94% and on low-flow oxygen for ~5 days

62
Q

when do you give dexamethasone?

A

-give to pts requiring ANY oxygen supp, with remdesiver

63
Q

when do you give tocilizumab?

A

2+ yrs old, hospitlaized who are receiving systemic corticosteroids + require ANY type of O2 support

64
Q

when do you give baricitinib?

A
  • PO

- pt is on O2 and corticosteroid w/ increasing inflammation and rapidly decreasing O2 needs

65
Q

when do you give sotrovimab?

A
  • when pt is mild to moderate covid test + who are at high risk for progression to severe covid
  • give as single IV infusion
66
Q

when do you give molupiravir?

A

oral

-mild to moderate illness >18 y/o, not breastfeeding & have at least 1 risk factor

67
Q

when do you give nirmatreiver?

A

oral

->12 y/o, pt must have at least 1 risk factor

68
Q

what is 3TC

A

lamividine

69
Q

ABC

A

abacavir

70
Q

ATV

A

atazanavir

71
Q

BIC

A

dictegravir

72
Q

DOR

A

doravirine

73
Q

DRV

A

darunavir

74
Q

DTG

A

dolutegravir

75
Q

EFV

A

efanirenz

76
Q

EVG

A

elvitegravir

77
Q

FTC

A

emitrictabine

78
Q

LA CAB

A

long-acting cabotegravir

79
Q

RAL

A

raltegravir

80
Q

RPV

A

ripivirine

81
Q

RTV

A

ritonavir

82
Q

TDF

A

tenofovr

ID Therapeutics :') (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions