Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Eshe 201 > Exam 3- Shoulder > Flashcards

Exam 3- Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

Apprehension of shoulder- positive sign

A

Apprehension displayed by the athlete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Apprehension of shoulder- how to perform

A

Grab the arm, place one hand on the scapula and tries to push the shoulder into external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drop arm- structure/condition

A

Integrity of the supaspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drop arm- positive sign

A

Increased pain or unable to hold up arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Drop arm- how to perform

A

Individual takes arm all the way above, from 0 to 180 degrees. Drops them down to 90 degrees and pauses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Empty can- structure/condition

A

Integrity of the supraspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Empty can- positive sign

A

Pain in the affected area, inability to hold up arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Empty can- how to perform

A

Raise arms to 180 degrees, then down to 90, internal rotate 30 degrees, then “empty out cans.” Can add pressure if needed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test- structure/condition

A

Impingement of the supraspinatus or the bicep tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test- positive sign

A

Increased pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test- how to perform

A

Pick the arm up and internally rotate it (hawk, bird, motion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Yergasons- structure/condition

A

Integrity of the bicep tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Yergasons- positive test

A

Pain or the tendon popping out of the bicepital groove where the athlete palates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Yergasons- how to perform

A

Resist supinations with external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Neer shoulder impingement- structure/condition

A

Impingement of supraspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Neer shoulder impingement- positive sign

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Neer shoulder impingement- how to perform

A

Passively abduct the shoulder near the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sternoclavical (SC) joint

A

Joint between the sternum and clavicle

Allows for rotation during movements like shrugging the shoulders and reaching above the head

Supported by:
Anterior and posterior SC ligaments
Costoclavicular ligament
Interclavicular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

A

Lies between the acromion process and the clavicle

Has limited motion

Primary ligament: AC ligament
Secondary ligaments: coracoacromial ligament, coracoclavicular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Glenohumeral (GH) joint

A

True shoulder joint

Glen kid fossa of the scapula
Very shallow

Head of the humerus (3/4 times larger than glenoid (VB/plunger)

Lacking in bony stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

GH joint (continued)

A

Joint is deepened by a meniscus like structure called the glenoid labrum
Functions to add stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

GH joint stabilizers

A 
Stabilized by 2 types of stabilizers 
     Static stabilizers
         Joint capsule
         Several Glenohumeral ligaments
     Dynamic stabilizers
         Rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bursa

A

Subacromial (clinically most important)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nerve supply

A

Brachial plexus (C5-T1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Blood supply
Subclavian, axillary artery
26
Shoulder movements
``` Flexion (180) & extension (80-90) Abduction (180) and adduction Horizontal adduction/flexion (180) Horizontal abduction/flexion (60) External rotation (90) Internal rotation (90) ```
27
ROM/ muscle testing Shoulder flexion
Anterior delt/pec major
28
ROM/ muscle testing Shoulder extension
Posterior delt
29
ROM/ muscle testing Shoulder abduction
Supraspinatus/ middle delt
30
ROM/ muscle testing Shoulder adduction
Pec major/ lats
31
ROM/ muscle testing Shoulder internal rotation
Ant. Delt/ subscapularis
32
ROM/ muscle testing Shoulder external rotation
Infraspinatus/ teres minor
33
ROM/ muscle testing Horizontal ADD/flex
Anterior delt
34
ROM/ muscle testing Horizontal ABD/ ext
Posterior delt
35
ROM/ muscle testing
Scapula elevation Depression Protraction Retraction
36
Prevention of shoulder injuries
``` Proper physical conditioning is key Develops body specific regions relative to sport Warm up Proper falling tactic for some sports Correct equipment Mechanics vs overuse injuries ```
37
Preventing shoulder problems
General muscle strengthening Stretch for shoulder capsule Strengthen rotator cuff muscles Strengthen scapular stabilizers (push/press ups)
38
Throwing mechanics: windup phase
First movement until ball leaves glove hand Lead leg strides forward while both shoulders abduct, externally rotate and horizontally abduct
39
Throwing mechanics: cocking phase
Hands separate (achieve max. External rotation) while lead foot comes in contact with ground
40
Throwing mechanics: acceleration
Max external rotation until ball release (humerus adducts, horizontally adducts and internally rotates) Scapula elevates and abducts and rotates upward
41
Throwing mechanics: deceleration phase
Ball release until max shoulder internal rotation Eccentric contraction of ext. rotators to decelerate humerus while rhomboids decelerate scapula
42
Throwing mechanics: follow-through phase
End of motion when athlete is in a balanced position
43
Clavicle fractures: cause of injury
Fallen on outstretched hand (FOOSH), fall on tip of shoulder or direct impact Occur primarily in middle third (greenstick fracture often occurs in young athletes)
44
Clavicle fractures: signs of injury
Generally presents with supporting of arm, head tilted towards injured side with chin turned away Clavicle may appear lower Palpation reveals pain, swelling, deformity and point tenderness
45
Clavicle fractures: care
Closed reduction: sling and swathe, immobilize w/ figure 8 brace for 6-8 weeks Removal of brace should be followed with joint ,mobes, isometrics and use of a sling for 3-4 weeks Occasionally requires operative management
46
Sternoclvicular sprain: cause of injury
Indirect force, blunt trauma (may cause displacement)
47
Sternoclvicular sprain: signs of injury
Grade 1: pain and slight disability Grade 2: pain, subluxation w/ deformity, swelling and point tenderness and decreased ROM Grade 3: gross deformity (dislocation), pain, swelling , decreased ROM -possibly life threatening if dislocates posteriorly
48
Sternoclvicular sprain: care
PRICE, immobilization | Immobilize for 3-5 weeks followed by graded reconditioning
49
Apprehension of shoulder- structure/condition
Possible shoulder subluxations
50
Acromioclavicular sprain: cause of injury
Result of direct blow (from any direction), upward force from humerus, FOOSH
51
Acromioclavicular sprain: signs of injury
Grade 1: point tenderness and pain w/movement; no disruption of AC joint Grade 2: tear or rupture of AC ligament, partial displacement of lateral end of clavicle; pain, point tenderness and decreased ROM Grade 3: rupture of AC and CC ligaments with dislocation of clavicle; gross deformity (step deformity) pain loss of function and instability
52
Acromioclavicular sprain: care
Ice, stabilization, referral to physician Grades 1-3 (non-operative) will require 3-4 days (grade 1) and two weeks of immobilization (grade 3) Aggressive rehab is required with all grades
53
Glenohumeral dislocations: cause of injury
Head of humerus is forced out of the joint | Anterior dislocation is the result
54
Glenohumeral dislocations: sighs of injury
Flattened deltoid, prominent numeral head in axilla, arm carried in slight abduction and external rotation, moderate/severe pain and disability
55
Glenohumeral dislocations: care
RICE, immobilization and reduction by a physician Begin muscle re-conditioning ASAP Use of sling should continue for 1 week Progress to resistance exercises as pain allows
56
Shoulder impingement syndrome: cause of injury
Mechanical compression of supraspinatus tendon, glenoid labrum, subacromial bursa and long head of biceps tendon due to decreased space under coroacromial ligament Seen in over head repetitive activities; painful arc 70-120 degrees of AB
57
Shoulder impingement syndrome: Signs of injury
Diffuse pain, pain on palpation of subacromial space Decreased strength of external rotators compared to internal rotators; tightness in posterior and inferior capsule Positive impingement
58
Shoulder impingement syndrome: Care
Restore normal biomechanics in order to maintain space Strengthening of rotator cuff and scapula stabilizing muscles Stretching of posterior and inferior joint capsule Modify activity
59
Rotator cuff tear: cause of injury
Involves supraspinatus or rupture if other rotator cuff tendons Primary mechanism- acute trauma (high velocity rotation) Occurs near insertion on greater tuberosity Full thickness tears usually occur in those athletes w/ a long history of impingement or instability
60
Rotator cuff tear: signs of injury
Present with pain with muscle contraction Tenderness on palpation and loss of strength due to pain Loss of function, swelling With complete tear impingement and empty can test are positive
61
Rotator cuff tear: care
RICE for modulation of pain Progressive strengthening of rotator cuff Reduce frequency and level of activity initially with a gradual and progressive increase of intensity
62
Shoulder bursitis: etiology
Chronic inflammatory condition due to trauma of overuse | May develope from direct impact or fall on tip of shoulder
63
Shoulder bursitis: signs of injury
Pain with motion and tenderness during palpation in subacromial space; positive impingement tests
64
Shoulder bursitis: management
Cold packs and NSAIDs to reduce inflammation Remove mechanisms precipitating condition Maintain full ROM to reduce chances of contracture and adhesions from forming
65
Bicepital tendinitis: cause of injury
Repetitive overhead athlete- ballisitic activity that involves repeated stretching of bicep tendon and sheath
66
Bicepital tendinitis: signs of injury
Tenderness over bicipital groove, swelling, crepitus due to inflammation Pain with performing overhead activities Pain with yergusons test
67
Bicepital tendinitis: care
Rest and ice NSAIDs Gradual program of strengthening and stretching

Eshe 201 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions