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Cell Bio > Exam 3 review questions > Flashcards

Exam 3 review questions Flashcards

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1
Q

what phrase describes the current best accepted description of membrane structure, published by singer and Nicholson?

A

Fluid mosaic model

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2
Q

what category of membrane lipid generally functions as “antennae” sensors and receptors by which the cell interacts with its environment?

A

glycolipid

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3
Q

what botanical sounding word describes either one of the two monolayers of the lipid bilayer?

A

leaflet

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4
Q

what term describes the driving mechanism that hold the phospholipids in place in the lipid bilayer of a membrane?

A

hydrophobic force

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5
Q

what is the process that requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient through membrane carrier proteins?

A

active transport

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6
Q

what is the passive process by which materials pass through channel proteins from one side of the membrane to the other?

A

facilitated transport

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7
Q

what is the characteristic exhibited by membranes by which they allow passage of some chemicals but not others?

A

selective permeability

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8
Q

what category of membrane proteins are bonded loosely to the surface of a phospholipid layer, so that their removal does no disrupt the bilayer?

A

peripheral proteins

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9
Q

…molecules through membranes by active transport, harnessing energy from ATP hydrolysis

A

Transport ATPase pump

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10
Q

…large organic molecules through membranes either passively or actively by various mechanisms although never harnessing ATP hydrolysis

A

carrier proteins

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11
Q

…two kinds of large organic molecules through membranes in opposite directions.

A

antiport

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12
Q

…specific ions through the membrane passively by facilitated diffusion?

A

ion channel

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13
Q

…specifically, water, through the membrane passively by facilitated diffusion?

A

aquaporin

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14
Q

…water, other small molecules or specific ions through membrane passively by facilitated diffusion.

A

channel protein

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15
Q

…two kinds of large organic molecules through the membrane in the same direction

A

symport

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16
Q

Which letter is in front of exoplasmic membrane faces (E faces):
A. the face of the outer membrane of the chloroplast the faces the cytosol
B. the face of the outer membrane of the chloroplast that faces the intermembrane space
C. the face of the thylakoid that faces the stroma
D. the face of the thylakoid that faces the interior lumen of the thylakoid
E. the chloroplast, being a prokaryotic endosymbiont and not part of the eukaryotic cell, all these membrane faces are exoplasmic or E faces

A

B. the face of the outer membrane of the chloroplast that faces the intermembrane space
C. the face of the thylakoid that faces the stroma

16
Q

Which letter is in front of exoplasmic membrane faces (E faces):
A. the face of the outer membrane of the chloroplast the faces the cytosol
B. the face of the outer membrane of the chloroplast that faces the intermembrane space
C. the face of the thylakoid that faces the stroma
D. the face of the thylakoid that faces the interior lumen of the thylakoid
E. the chloroplast, being a prokaryotic endosymbiont and not part of the eukaryotic cell, all these membrane faces are exoplasmic or E faces

A

B. the face of the outer membrane of the chloroplast that faces the intermembrane space
C. the face of the thylakoid that faces the stroma

17
Q

What three-word phrase describes all the collective physical and chemical factors that affect the rate of diffusion through a medium?

A

resistance to flow

18
Q

what component of a microtubule is formed by a string of alpha and beta tubulin proteins? Thirteen of these form the perimeter of a microtubule.

A

protoflilaments

19
Q

In animal cells, what spheroidal organelle forms the microtubule organizing center?

A

centrosome

20
Q

recent research suggest that in plant cells, what cell structure functions as the microtubule organizing center?

A

nuclear envelope

21
Q

what is the structural and functional unit of ciliar and flagellar movement?

A

axoneme

22
Q

what term describes the parallel bundles of contractile fibers located inside skeletal muscle cells?

A

sarcolemma

23
Q

The various physical and chemical properties of the diffusing substance and the medium through which is it diffusing that determine the value of the coefficient of diffusion D include:
A. concentration of the diffusing substance
B. density, viscosity, and polarity of the medium
C. distance over which the diffusing substance diffuses
D. molecular weight of the diffusing substance
E. temperature of the system

A

B. density, viscosity, and polarity of the medium
D. molecular weight of the diffusing substance
E. temperature of the system

24
Q

What characteristics make a semipermeable membrane semipermeable?
A. The solute is permeable through the membrane
B. the solvent is permeable through the membrane
C. the solute is not permeable through the membrane
D. the solvent is not permeable through the membrane
E. the membrane shows “selective permeability” selectively determining what is permeable or not

A

B. the solvent is permeable through the membrane
C. the solute is not permeable through the membrane

25
Q

what characteristics define an osmotic solute?
A. the solute is soluble in the solvent
B. the solute is permeable through the membrane
C. the solute is not permeable through the membrane
D. the solute must ionize upon dissolving in the solvent
E. the solute must not ionize upon dissolving in the solvent

A

A. the solute is soluble in the solvent
C. the solute is not permeable through the membrane

26
Q

which statement best describes the microtubule arrangement of centrioles and basal bodies?
A. nine sets of microtubule doublets
B. nine sets of microtubule triplets
C. nine sets of microtubule doublets with a central microtubule
D. nine sets of microtubule doublets with a central pair of microtubules
E. nine sets of microtubule triplets with a pair of microtubules

A

B. nine sets of microtubule triplets

27
Q

which statement best describes the microtubule arrangement of cilia and flagella?
A. nine sets of microtubule doublets
B. nine sets of microtubule triplets
C. nine sets of microtubule doublets with a central microtubule
D. nine sets of microtubule doublets with a central pair of microtubules
E. nine sets of microtubule triplets with a central pair of microtubules

A

D. nine sets of microtubule doublets with a central pair of microtubules

Cell Bio (5 decks)

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