Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy II > Exam 3 review > Flashcards

Exam 3 review Flashcards

1
Q

Which pair of laryngeal cartilages are able to rotate in order to change the tension of the vocal ligaments?

A

Arytenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The arytenoid cartilages are able to rotate on which other paired cartilages?

A

corniculates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What ligament extends from the base of the zygomatic process to the mandibular neck?

A

Temporomandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Identify the boundaries of the infratemporal fossa.

A

Slides words exactly:

superior = greater wing of sphenoid

lateral = coronoid process and ramus of mandible

inferior = continuous with neck

posterior = TMJ and styloid

the picture is good otherwise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List the contents of the infratemporal fossa.

A

Mandibular Nerve (CNV3/ branch of the Trigeminal Nerve), Maxillary Artery, medial and lateral pterygoid, lower part of temporalis mm, chorda tympani nerve (stems from CNVII/facial responsible anterior 2/3 sensation of tongue),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Blood supply to the larynx is through the superior and inferior laryngeal arteries, which themselves are direct branches from what arteries?

A

superior laryngeal artery branches from the superior thryoid artery

inferior laryngeal artery branches from the inferior thyroid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What structure(s) passes through the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors?

A

Stylopharyngeus M, CN IX/ glossopharyngeal N, and Facial Artery branch called tonsillar.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which branch from the internal carotid artery supplies areas of the face?

A

supratrochlear, supraorbital, [first two mostly forehead and scalp] and angular arteries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Identify the component arterial branches that make up the circle of Willis.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Compare the organization of the meninges and related spaces of the brain to those of the spinal cord.

A

Superfical to deep..

Epidural space (absent around brain; @ spine conatins fat and internal venous plexus)

dura mater

subdural space

leptomeninx- (arachnoid membrane, arachnoid villi in the subarachnoid space, pai mater)

The pia mater forms to the brain following all the contours and sulci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the diaphragma sellae and its attachments.

A

it is a reflection of the dura mater.

layes over the hypophyseal fossa.

Attachments:

i. tuberculum sellae to the posterior clinoid process and dorsum sellae and covers the sella turcica and pituitary gland within
ii. medial continuation of the superior roof of the cavernous sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which dural sinuses do/do not connect directly with the confluence of sinuses?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Identify the Falx Cerebri

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Identify the Tentorium Cerebelli.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Identify Falx Cerebelli.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates in which of the spaces associated with the meninges?

A

subarachnoid space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the flow of CSF through the subarachnoid space.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The anterior spinal artery is an unpaired artery that supplies part of the upper region of the spinal cord. It is formed from fused branches off which other arteries?

A

The vertebral arteries join to make both the Basilar Artery (which continues into the brain) and the Anterior Spinal Artery which heads in the opposite direction to supply the anterior aspect of the spinal cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory nerves pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which structure? Axons that make up the optic nerve originate from which cells in the retina?

A

Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory Nn pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which of the following? → cribriform plate

Ganglionic layer of retina (NOT rods and cones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe the functions and innervation of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye.

Lateral Rectus.

A

Function: abducts eyeball

Innervation: CN VI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the functions and innervation of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye.

Superior Oblique.

A

Function: abducts, depresses, medially rotates eyeball

innervation:CN IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe the functions and innervation of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye.

Inferior Rectus.

A

Function: depresses, adducts, rootates eyeball laterally

Innervation: CN III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe the functions and innervation of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye.

Medial Rectus.

A

Function: adducts eyeball

Innervation: CN III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe the functions and innervation of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye.

Superior Rectus.

A

Function: elevates, adducts, medially rotates eyeball

Innervation: CN III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Describe the functions and innervation of the six extrinsic muscles of the eye.

Inferior oblique:

A

Function: abducts, elevates, laterally rotates eyeball

Innervation: CN III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies motor innervation to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles?

A

Spinal Accessory N (CN XI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of the tongue?

A

CN XII - hypoglossal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The spinal accessory nerve exits the cranial cavity through which foramen?

A

It and the vagus nerve leave through the jugular foramen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

CN II exits the skull through..

A

Optic Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

CN XII exits the skull through..

A

the hypoglossal N exits via the hypoglossal foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What cranial nerves exit the cranial cavity through the superior orbital fissure?

A

III, IV, V-1(ophthalmic branch-frontal, lacrimal, nasociliary), VI

or

Occulormotor, Trochlear, trigemnial opthalimc, abducens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Parasympathetic fibers that control the shape of the lens and pupil are carried by which cranial nerve?

A

Oculomotor N (CN III)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar nerves are all branches of which cranial nerve?

A

CN V-2 or the maxillary branch of the Trigeminal Nerve. This exits the cranial cavity through the foramen rotundum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal exits the cranial cavity through which foramen?

A

foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cell bodies of sensory neurons carrying general sensory information from the dura of the middle and anterior cranial fossae, the external surface of the ear drum, and the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are located in which of the cranial ganglia?

A

Trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion GSS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which cranial nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal N (IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The chorda tympani carries branches of which cranial nerve inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone?

A

Facial N (CN VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carried by which cranial nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal N (IX) - SVS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Of the three auditory ossicles, which one is attached to the tympanic membrane?

A

Malleus attached to tympanic membrane

Incus

Stapes attached to oval window (fenestra vestibuli)

Stapedius muscle inserts onto neck of stapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Most of the roof of the orbit is formed from which bone of the skull?

A

Orbital plate of frontal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The crista galli is an extension of which bone?

A

Ethmoid Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Parasympathetic supply to the lacrimal gland is via which cranial nerve?

A

Facial N (CN VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion (source of cell bodies of postganglionic fibers to the sphincter pupillae muscle) are located in which nucleus?

A

Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Which extrinsic muscle of the eye abducts the eyeball?

A

Lateral Rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal N (CN IX) GVM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Identify the components of the nasal septum.

A

Septal cartilage

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

Vomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

The Sphenoidal sinuses open into which spaces/recesses via?

A

nasal cavity via sphenoethmoidal recess

48
Q

The Ethmoidal sinuses open into which spaces/recesses?

A

Middle meatus.

49
Q

The frontal sinuses open into which spaces/recesses via …

A

Middle meatus via frontonasal duct

50
Q

The maxillary sinuses open into which spaces/recesses via the semilunar hiatus?

A

Middle meatus

51
Q

Name the muscles elevate the mandible.

A

Masseter, Temporalis and Medial Pterygoid

52
Q

What structure represents the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the orbit?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

53
Q

What structure represents the communication pathway between the infratemporal fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Pterygomaxillary Fissure

54
Q

The maxillary artery is divided into three parts with reference to its branching pattern. What structure is used to demarcate the three parts?

A

Lateral pterygoid muscle

55
Q

Which artery(s) branches from the third part of the maxillary artery?

A

Posterior superior alveolar

56
Q

The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity via which foramen?

A

Foramen spinosum

57
Q

Which hypaxial muscle is attached to the hyoid bone but is not part of the infrahyoid group?

A

geniohyoid.

58
Q

Which of the scalene muscles attaches to the second rib?

A

Posterior Scalene

59
Q

Which of the two scalene muscles attaches to the first rib

A

anterior and middle scalene

60
Q

The anterior belly of the digastric nerve is derived from the first pharyngeal arch and is innervated by which nerve?

A

Mylohyoid Nerve branch of CN V-3 or the Mandibular Branch of the Trigeminal nerve.

61
Q

Which muscle consists of two bellies, originating from the body of the hyoid and the superior border of the scapula?

A

omohyoid

62
Q

Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Which branch(es is a terminal branch?

A

occipital, and posterior auricular

63
Q

Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Which branch(es is a posterior branch?

A

occipital, and posterior auricular

64
Q

Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Which branch(es is a anterior branch?

A

superior thyroid, lingual, and facial

65
Q

Branches off the external carotid artery are grouped into terminal, anterior, posterior, or medial, depending on which direction they branch from the external carotid. Which branch is a medial branch?

A

Ascending Pharyngeal

66
Q

The nerve branch to the geniohyoid muscle originates from C1 and runs partly with which cranial nerve?

A

Hypoglossal N (CN XII)

67
Q

Ventral rami from which levels of the spinal cord make up the cervical plexus?

A

C1-4

68
Q

Which infrahyoid muscles are not supplied through the ansa cervicalis?

A

thyrohyoid

69
Q

What are the spinal cord levels of origin for the phrenic nerve?

A

C3-C5

“C3, 4 , 5 keep the diaphragm alive”

70
Q

Which structure(s) enters the pharynx by passing between the base of the cranium and the superior edge of the superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Auditory tube

71
Q

Describe the location of the vallecular recesses?

A

lateral to the median glossoepiglottic fold.

72
Q

What landmark represents the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity?

A

rima glottidis

73
Q

Special visceral motor (SVM) modality supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle via which cranial nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal N (CN IX)

74
Q

The chorda tympani carries branches of which cranial nerve inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone?

A

the peculiar branch of the facial nerve CN VII.

75
Q

Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue is carries by which cranial nerve?

A

CN IX

76
Q

Which muscle(s) associated with the mandible does/do not elevate the mandible?

A

Lateral Pterygoid.

77
Q

The maxillary artery is divided into three parts with reference to its branching pattern. Which structure is used to demarcate the three parts?

A

Lateral pterygoid muscle

78
Q

The trigeminal nerve has three main branches, which are often considered cranial nerves in their own right. Name these three branches, the foramina they exit through, and the main branches of these branches as well as their modalities.

A

Ophthalmic (V1) — Exit through supraorbital foramen – Branches: frontal, lacrimal, and nasociliary

Maxillary (V2) – Exit through foramen rotundum – Branches: infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar

Mandibular (V3) – Exit through foramen ovale – Branches: auriculotemporal, inferior alveolar, lingual, and buccal

79
Q

Explain the Trigeminal Nerves modalities.

A

GSS - Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion

  • Carry sensory information from:
  • Face and anterior scalp, Conjunctiva and eyeball, Paranasal sinuses, Anterior 2/3 of tongue, External surface of ear drum, and Dura of middle and anterior cranial fossae

SVM - Cell bodies of these motor neurons are located in the masticator nucleus

  • These motor neurons supply:
  • (temporalis, masseter, pterygoids) = muscles of mastication, Tensor veli palatini, Tensor tympani, Mylohyoid, Anterior belly of digastric
80
Q

In which area of the brain is the medullary rhythmicity located?

A

Same area of brain as cardiac center and vasomotor center

81
Q

Extensive bilateral lesions involving the mid-pons and the midbrain reticular formation are associated with which condition?

A

Coma

82
Q

Which area of the brain stem is thought to be involved in pain suppression?

A

Periaqueductal gray of the brainstem

83
Q

Floccular lobes in the cerebellum of reptiles may correspond to restiform bodies in cartilaginous fishes; this function is most likely related to what sensation?

A

Equilibrium and possibly motor control

84
Q

What is thought to be the function of the magnocellular region of the reticular activating system (RAS)?

  • Receives information from reticular formation, sensory cranial Nn, cerebellum, hypothalamus, basal nuclei, and cerebral cortex
  • Send information to thalamus, hypothalamus, and spinal cord
  • Picking up information from a variety of sources
A

Picking up information from a variety of sources

85
Q

Cranial nerve nuclei V, VI, and VII are found in which subdivision of the brain?

A

Pons

86
Q

The vestibular nuclear complex, associated with balance and equilibrium is located in which of the brain subdivisions?

A

Myelencephalon in the medullary nuclei

87
Q

Which area of the brain secretes melatonin and is involved in regulating circadian rhythms?

A

Pineal body

88
Q

Which thalamic nuclei are involved in relaying sensory information to the primary auditory cortex of the cerebral cortex?

A

Medial geniculate body

89
Q

Which thalamic nuclei are involved in relaying sensory information to the primary visual cortex of the cerebral cortex?

A

Lateral geniculate body

90
Q

What area of the brain may be considered to be the center for homeostasis?

A

hypothalamus

91
Q

There are many myelinated tracts comprising the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres. Which group of tracts connect gyri to gyri in the same hemisphere?

A

Arcuate

92
Q

Melanin-containing, dopaminergic neurons and iron-containing cells that secrete serotonin and GABA are major components of which structure in the brain?

A

Substantia nigra

93
Q

What landmark is represented by the Lamina terminalis in the telencephalon?

A

Original cephalic boundary of the neural tube

Separates the 2 lateral ventricles

94
Q

Proper chewing (mastication) requires that the mandible be moved from side to side and to be retracted and protracted. Which of the following muscles of mastication function to retract the mandible?

A

Temporalis

95
Q

The anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries are directly branches of which of the following?

A

infraorbital artery

96
Q

The posterior belly of the digastric M is derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch and is innervated by which of the following Nn?

A

Facial

97
Q

Almost all infrahyoid Mm are characterized by which of the following innervation patterns?

A

ansa cervicalis

98
Q

Which of the following Mm serves as the posterior border of the anterior cervical triangle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

99
Q

The cervical sympathetic trunk ascends on the anterior surface(s) of which of the following Mm?

A

Longus colli and capitis Mm

100
Q

Describe the location of the piriform fossae

A

Posterior to the uvula

101
Q

Almost all of the pharyngeal musculature is supplied by the vagus nerve. Which of the following Mm is supplied by the glossopharyngeal N?

A

Stylopharyngeus M

102
Q

Two small cartilages posses two process each, a muscular process and a vocal process. The vocal attachemtns on the two small cartilages are attached to the vocal ligaments. These cartilages are able to swivel by way of a ball and socket type of joint, allowing them to increase or decrease tension on the vocal ligaments. The ball and socket joints allow these cartilages to swivel on which of the following?

A

cricoid cartilages

103
Q

The aryepiglottic ligaments and the corniculate cartilages form boundaries for which of the following?

A

Laryngral Inlet

104
Q

The gap above the middle pharyngeal constrictor is traversed by which of the following Nn?

A

glossopharyngeal Nn

105
Q

Cranial Nn characterized by the special visceral motor modality supply which of the following?

A

Mm derived from pharyngeal arches

106
Q

The superior oblique extrinsic M of the eye is innervated by which of the following cranial Nn?

A

trochlear

107
Q

Which of the following extrinsic Mm of the eye is NOT supplied by the oculomotor N?

A

Lateral rectus and superior oblique

108
Q

The innervation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius Mm would be described by which of the following modalities?

A

special visceral motor

109
Q

Olfactory fibers making up the olfactory Nn pass from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulbs through which of the following?

A

cribriform plate

110
Q

The origin of the axons that make up the optic N originate from which of the following?

A

Ganglion Cells of the Retina

111
Q

Which of the following is the newest addition to the telencephalon in mammals?

A

neocortex

112
Q

Increase in sexual activity, compulsive tendency to place objects in mouth, decreased emotionality, changes in eating behavior and visual agnosia are characteristics of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome. This results when which of the following is/are bilaterally destroyed?

A

Amygdala.

why does the start of this stem sound like an infomercial?

113
Q

Lesions affecting the trigeminal N resulting in loss of general sensation to the face on the same side and paralysis to Mm of mastication occur in which subdivision?

A

Metencephalon

114
Q

The nucleus cuneatus and nucleus gracilis are found in which of the following brain subdivisions?

A

myelencephalon

115
Q

Vagal lobes are found in which of the following groups of organisms?

A

Fish

Anatomy II (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions