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Neuro 3050: Structure & Function of the Nervous System > Exam 3 Questions > Flashcards

Exam 3 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

In the somatosensory system…

A

Receptors on the distal end of the peripheral processes of dorsal root ganglion neurons contain stretch sensitive ion channels.

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2
Q

In the sensory system, the largest diameter axons convey information on…

A

proprioception from skeletal muscle.

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3
Q

Sensory receptors transduce physical stimuli into electrical signals called the _____ potential in response to skin distortion.

A

receptor

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4
Q

Which of the 4 skin receptors is defined as being fast adapting with a large receptive field?

A

Pacinian Corpuscle

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5
Q

Details related to perception and transmission of PAIN information.

A

Many C fibers are polymodal.

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6
Q

Tactile form perception?

A

Merkel’s Disk

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7
Q

Most sensitive to vibration?

A

Pacinian Corpuscle

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8
Q

Fine tactile discrimination?

A

Meissner Corpuscle

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9
Q

Detects movement over skin?

A

Ruffini Corpuscle

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10
Q

Which area is involved in modulation of painful stimuli?

A

Periaqueductal Gray

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11
Q

In the gate theory of pain, mechanosensitive afferents (Aβ) excite ______ interneurons that synapse on dorsal horn neurons giving rise to the ______ tract.

A

In the gate theory of pain, mechanosensitive afferents (Aβ) excite inhibitory interneurons that synapse on dorsal horn neurons giving rise to the spinothalamic tract.

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12
Q

Regarding the sensory cortex,

lesions of Area ___ would result in deficits in perceiving the location of a cutaneous stimulus.

A

Area 3

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13
Q

Meissner’s Corpuscles are located…..

A

in the SUPERFICIAL layer of the dermis

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14
Q

When a patient is unable to carry out movements of the face on demand, but are able to spontaneously or reflexively contract the same muscle, they are said to have ______ (be specific).

A

Buccofacial Apraxia

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15
Q

Which of the structures we studied in this unit, if damaged as the result of stroke, would result in a patient denying the contralateral side of his/her body.

A

Association Areas 5 and 7 of the Parietal Cortex

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16
Q

Which of Brodmann’s Areas of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receives the largest projection from the Ventral Posterior Lateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus?

A

Area 3

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17
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Secondary Somatosensory Cortex receives its largest input from the VPL/VPM of the thalamus.

A

FALSE

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18
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

A person with tactile agnosia will use objects inappropriately (use a screwdriver as a pen).

A

FALSE

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19
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Patient GL, who lost her large sensory axons in spinal nerves, could still perceive painful stimuli.

A

TRUE

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20
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

The affective component of painful stimuli is processed in the cingulate cortex.

A

TRUE

21
Q

Give rise to form axons that form the Optic Nerve:

A

Retinal ganglion cells

22
Q

Regarding neural transmission in the retina,

When light strikes photoreceptor cells, off-center bipolar cells are ______ .

A

hyperpolarized

23
Q

Regarding “complex cells” in the primary visual cortex,

The receptive field is determined by the input of ____ .

A

multiple simple cells

!!!!!!!!!!!!!

24
Q

Which of the 2 types of ganglion cells has a higher sensitivity to color contrast?

A

P type ganglion cells

25
Q

This type of cell in the primary visual cortex is primarily concerned with perceiving color:

A. Simple Cells
B. Complex Cells
C. Blobs

A

Blobs

26
Q

A motor unit consists of what 2 structures?

A

An alpha motor neuron and all the fibers that it innervates.

27
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

A spinal nerve contains both afferent and efferent axons.

A

TRUE

!!!!!!!!

28
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Motor neurons that innervate flexor muscles are located dorsal to motor neurons that innervate extensor muscles in the ventral horn of the spinal cord.

A

TRUE

29
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

A large motor unit allows for more precise control of muscle activity.

A

FALSE

30
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

The force of contraction of individual muscle fibers is determined by the firing rate of a motor neuron.

A

FALSE

!!!!!!!!???????

31
Q

A sustained muscular contraction induced by high firing frequency of a motor neuron is called ____

A

Tetany

32
Q

Muscle spindles are innervated by __ ____ axons.

A

Aα afferent

33
Q

In the flexor reflex, ….

A

Flexor reflex afferents synapse on interneurons that inhibit antagonist muscles.

34
Q

Gamma Motor Neurons:

A

Innervate INTRAFUSAL Muscle Fibers

35
Q

The Corticospinal Tract arises from neurons in the …..

A

precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe

36
Q

Axons in the Corticobulbar Tract synapse on neurons in the _____

A

Hypoglossal nucleus

37
Q

The mast majority of the _____ is buried in the central sulcus and forms its anterior wall.

A

primary motor cortex

38
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Descending axons from the cerebral cortex and brainstem modulate spinal reflexes.

A

TRUE

!!!????

39
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Loss of Lower Motor neurons results in spastic paralysis of muscles.

A

FALSE

40
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Neurons in the facial motor nucleus are defined as lower motor neurons

A

TRUE

41
Q

TRUE or FALSE?

Neurons in the Primary Motor Area (M1) are primarily active during the planning of a movement.

A

FALSE

42
Q

The Premotor Cortex is active when _____.

A

Planning a movement

43
Q

The Supplementary Motor Cortex is active when _____

A

doing activities such as playing the piano

44
Q

The Lateral Corticospinal Tract Synapses ……

A

directly on muscles controlling digits.

45
Q

The Anterior Corticospinal Tract Synapses……

A

on motor neurons that innervate trunk muscles

46
Q

An occlusion of a branch of the anterior cerebral artery to the right precentral gyrus would result in…..

A

Paralysis of the muscles in the left leg and ankle.

47
Q

Where are the neurons whose axons form the spinothalamic tract located?

A

The Dorsal HORN of the Spinal Cord

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

48
Q

Which Trigeminal Nuclei contain neurons that relay discriminative touch and vibration information to the thalamus?

A

Main Sensory of V

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

49
Q

Preganglionic Sympathetic Neurons that are involved in regulating melatonin release are located in the:

A

Thoracic Spinal Cord

Neuro 3050: Structure & Function of the Nervous System (29 decks)

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