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PMG > Exam 3: possible questions > Flashcards

Exam 3: possible questions Flashcards

1
Q

Phage antiholins form holes in the membrane and holins prevent them.

A

FALSE.

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2
Q

Filamentous phages (M13 and f1) leak out of the cells using a modified type II secretion system.

A

TRUE.

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3
Q

Site-directed mutagenesis of Rv2275 and cyp121 genes was done in the In-Fusion kit.

A

FALSE.

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4
Q

The uptake of bacterial virus DNA is released is ______, while the transfer of bacterial DNA with cell-to-cell contact would most likely result in _____.

A

transfection/conjugation.

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the F plasmid?

A

Uses semiconservative replication involving the host’s machinery.

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6
Q

Most phages cause acute infections and lyse their host.

A

TRUE.

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT a potential fate of foreign DNA transferred via conjugation?

A
  • degradation by restriction enzymes
  • recombination with the host chromosome
  • replication by itself (if containing an origin f replication)
  • ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE POTENTIAL FATES (answer)
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8
Q

Lytic phages are commonly used as antimicrobials to kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

A

FALSE.

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9
Q

Which of the following statements is true about the role of the Dpnl enzyme in the site-directed mutagenesis kit you used?

A

To digest the parental template DNA after amplification step.
(not sure)

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10
Q

The frequency of transfer of an F’ molecule by conjugation is closest to the frequency of transfer of:

A

an F plasmid by conjugation.

check slide 1 on ch.5

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11
Q

Which of the following statements is false about the true restriction-modification systems?

A

Consists of endonucleases capable to cut single-stranded DNA at specific DNA sequences.

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12
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the relaxase enzyme?

A

Is involved in DNA replication.

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13
Q

Some lysis proteins activate enzymes that make precursors of the bacterial cell walls by binding to them.

A

FALSE.

check answer

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14
Q

F+ strains of Escherichia coli:

A

have the F factor as a plasmid.

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15
Q

Which of the following statements is/are true?

A

(its ALL OF THE ABOVE)
-In Abi (abortive infection) system, phage infection starts normally and suddenly stops
because the host cell dies.
-Abi is comparable to apoptosis in multicellular eukaryotes.
-Mechanisms that induce cell death include destruction of membrane potential and
blockage of cellular translation.

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16
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE about T4 gene expression?

A

Delayed-early genes are transcribed from s70 promoters but requires antitermination factors encode by true-late genes.
(Ch. 7 slide 12)

17
Q

You transformed E. coli with different ligation reaction combinations and after O/N incubators you get:

  1. No DNA control: 100 colonies
  2. cloning vector alone: 250 colonies
  3. Cloning vector plus insert: 300 colonies.
    - What is the next course of action?
A

-Start over the transformation with a new batch of LB agar plates containing the appropriate selection antibiotic.
-Redo the cloning reaction with the insert with better preparation of the cloning vector and retransform.
(both answers)

18
Q

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE about transformation?

A

Only gram+ bacteria can exchange DNA by transformation.

19
Q

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about natural transformation?

A

(both are true)

  • Is a process that could be regulated by quorum sensing.
  • DNA enters the cells by an active transport mechanism.
20
Q

An F pilus is essentail for:

  1. DNA-mediated transformation
  2. chromosome transfer by conjugation
  3. plasmid transfer by conjugation
  4. recombination
  5. cell movement
A

answer: 2 and 3.

21
Q

Transformation of Mycobacterium smegmatis is done by using chemically-competent cells.

A

FALSE.

22
Q

When F+ donor gives an F plasmid to an F-recipient:

A

both become F+.

ch5 slide 1

23
Q

Filamentous phages cause chronic infection as the host cells are killed.

A

FALSE.

ch7 slide 20

24
Q

Which if the following is/are TRUE about the phage multiplication cycle?

A

Many phages inject their genome in the host bacteria.

25
Q

Which of the following statements is/are true about the use of the T7 RNA polymerase gene in the protein expression system?

A

A copy of the T7 RNA polymerase gene under the control of an IPTG-inducible promoter is included in a DE3 lysogen.

26
Q

Which of the following statements is false about CRISPR?

A

CRISPR is a defense mechanism targeting mRNA.

27
Q

A mutation in most genes only affects the product of the gene, while a mutation in a regulatory gene can affect the expression of many genes.

A

TRUE.

28
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A

The Rv2275-cyp121 operon was inserted into the pDTCF vector by ligation w/ T4 DNA ligase.

29
Q

Which of the following is/are FALSE about phage gene expression?

A

All phages carry their own polymerase(s) in the capsid.

30
Q

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE about the phage T4?

A

-T4 encodes its own enzymes for DNA replication.

(B and D are false) is answer choice on pdf.

31
Q

The addition of DNase to a mixture of donor and recipient cells will prevent gene transfer via:

A

Transformation.

32
Q

Which method(s) can be used to increase the concentration of DNA in the solution?

A

Precipitation in ethanol in the presence with sodium acetate.

33
Q

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about bacteriophages?

A

(both are TRUE)

  • On Earth, there are more phages than bacteria.
  • Phages form a relatively small number of families, with very little relationship between families.
34
Q

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE about T4 gene expression?

A

The expression of early genes is coupled to the T4 DNA replication.
(False because transcription of true late genes coupled to phage DNA replication)

35
Q

A bacterial cell that is able to take up naked DNA is said to be:

A

Competent.

PMG (2 decks)

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