Exam 3: Pediatric Nutrition Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the typical infant growth patterns
A
- weight doubles by 4-6 months
- weight triples by 12 months
- length increases by 50% by 12 months
2
Q
Preschool Growth
A
- ages 2-6
- growth slows, but is constant
- adipose tissue distribution begins after age 2
3
Q
Middle Childhood Growth
A
- ages 7-10
- steady growth
- females > males in height and weight
4
Q
Adolescence
A
- ages 11-18
- begins before puberty and continues until growth is complete
- rate of weight gain increases
5
Q
When do you use the WHO growth chart?
A
< 2 years old
6
Q
When do you use the CDC growth chart?
A
2-20 years old
7
Q
Pediatric Malnutrition
A
deficiencies or excesses in nutrient intake, imbalance of essential nutrients or impaired nutrient utilization
8
Q
What can result from pediatric malnutrition?
A
- wasting
- stunting
- underweight
- obesity
- micronutrient deficiencies
- refeeding syndrome
9
Q
What is anthropometry?
A
- growth charts with z-scores, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)
- Z score tells us the distance and direction of an observation from a population mean
10
Q
What defines failure to thrive?
A
- Fall of 2 major percentiles
- Weight < 3-5th percentile
11
Q
What are the 3 causes of malnutrition?
A
- Inadequate caloric intake
- inadequate absorption
- excessive energy expenditure
12
Q
AAP recommendations for breast feeding
A
- exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months
- optimally continue for at least a year
- may extend beyond 1 year if desired
13
Q
Newborn Breastfeeding Advantages
A
- optimal nutrients
- decrease risk of infections
- decrease risk of immune-mediated diseases
- psychological and cognitive advantages
14
Q
Mother Breastfeeding Advantages
A
- decreased post-partum bleeding
- faster time to attainment of pre-pregnancy weight
- decreased risk of breast and ovarian cancer
- mother-infant bond
15
Q
Caloric density of breast milk
A
20 kcal/ounce
