exam 3 notecards Flashcards
puberty
period which rapid physical maturation involving normal and bodily changes that occur primarily during adolescence
testosterone
hormone produced by the body that contributes to growth, development, and functioning of the male sexual organs and typical Male characteristics
estrogen
sexual hormone responsible for the female reproductive system
imaginary audience
believes they are always the focus of everyones attention, “always on stage”
anorexics use food as a means of ______________
control
What is the leading cause of death among adolescence ?
accidents
top dog phenomenon
move from oldest to youngest, biggest and most powerful, to the least
service learning
form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to community
Teenagers develop better judgement as what part of the brain matures?
frontal cortex
Which one of Piagets Cognitive Stages are adolescents in when they have the ability to think abstractly?
Which stage of Eriksons psychosocial stages are adolescents in?
Identity vs. Identity confusion
Adolescents will develop better if they have what type of parenting?
authoritative
juvenile delinquent
- more likely to be committed by males
- female involvement is increasing
- more males then females arrested
- property offenses are committed more than any other by both sexes.
conflict between adolescents and parents Is largely do to the fact that parents want control while children want_____
autonomy and responsibilty
What is the marker for becoming an adult in our society?
permanent full time job
at what age do people reach their physical peak?
between 19-26
What is the avg. age of marriage for males and females in the US?
27 for males
26 for females
Research on Americans view of sexuality discovered what?
there are more conservative attitudes than thought
Characteristics of a male rapist?
aggression, angry at women, hurt and humiliate victims
Leading source of workplace stress?
low salaries
which stage of Eriksons psychosocial development are young adults in?
intimacy vs. isolation
is it true that opposites attract?
no
romantic love
has strong sexual and infatuation components
intimacy
emotional feelings of warmth, closeness, and sharing
what term refers to couples that live together but are not married?
cohabitation
what goal has become more important than living in a stable marriage?
personal fulfillment
what are some characteristics of a spouse that increase likelihood of divorce?
- alcohol
- psychological problems
- domestic violence
- infidelity
- inadequate division of household labor
what is John gottmans advice bout marriage?
love is not something magical, couples can improve their relationship thru knowledge and effort
Physical changes associated with middle age?
- pretty gradual
- wrinkles, sagging skin, age spots
- thinning, gray hair
- lose height and gain weight
what can help reduce sarcopenia?
use it or lose it
what is the most chronic disorder in middle age?
arthritis
who has higher mortality rates for all leading causes of death?
men
menopause
cessation of periods (lates 40s or early 50s. avg. 51
how long, on avg. does perimenopause last?
10 years
do men completely lose reproductive ability like women do?
no
Middle age Psychosocial development ?
generativity vs stagnation
Midlife crisis
not as common as once thought
people think their life is falling apart
empty nest syndrome
a decrease in marital satisfaction after children leave home
sandwich generation
middle aged adults caring for their parents and their kids
what info collected on individuals at age 50 predicted they’d be in the happy- well category at 75-80
regular exercise, avoiding overweight, well educated, stable marriage, future oriented
what two behaviors predicted people would be dead by age 75-80
alcohol and abuse
what three things become more important in marriage at middle age
- security
- loyalty
- mutual interest
who has more contact with grandchildren
grandmothers
is the number of children living with their grandparents increasing or decreasing?
increasing
current life expectancy
78 in us
what do we mean by lifespan
upper boundary of life or max number of years an individual can live is about 120-125
which number is higher. span or expectancy
span
a person who lives to be 100 is called a
centenarian
leading cause of death in the elderly
heart disease
the brain shrinks how much between age 20 and 90?
5-10%
cellular clock theory of aging
focuses on the lifespan of cells
free radical theory of aging
organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time
mitochondrial theory of aging
theory proposes that reactive oxygen species that are produced in the mitochondria
what affect does aging have on our senses?
vision-cataracts
hearing-decreases
taste and smell- reduces
touch and pain- harder to detect
cataracts
clouding of the eyes lenses
are older adults more or less sensitive to pain?
less
how much can lung capacity decrease with age?
40%
symptoms of arthritis
pain, swelling, and stiffness
symptoms of osteoporosis
loss of bone
can older people learn new things
yes
what is meant by the phrase use it or lose it
if you do not keep active and doing things then you will lose the ability to do it to the fullest extent
what is true about older workers?
they have lower rates of absence, fewer accidents, and increased job satisfaction
what % of suicides are 65 years or older
25%
what are the primary symptoms of dementia
deterioration in mental functioning
what type of dementia is most common
alzeimers
alzheimers involves a deficiency in which neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
what causes multi infract dementia
strokes
difference in the outcome of Alzheimers and multi infract
alzheimers : can be treated not cured
multi: can recover
symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
muscle tremors, slowing of movement, and facial paralysis
what neurotransmitters degenerate in Parkinson’s
dopamine
who is most likely to abuse the elderly
spouses
what are some of the benefits of religious beliefs for older adults
linked to lower incidence of depression
psychosocial stage of older adults
integrity vs despair
activity theory
the more active and the more involved that older adults are, the more likely they are satisfied with their lives
socioemotional selectivity theory
older adults become more selective about their social networks
baltes says successful aging is related to what 3 things
election, optimization, and compensation
are sons or daughter more likely to care for parents
daughters
how do gender roles change in. older people
men become more feminine
self efficiency and perceived control of the environment are important for
successful aging
what % of deaths occur in hospitals in the Us
80
how is brain death defined
when all electrical activity in the brain ceases
advance directive
states that life sustaining procedures shall not be used
passive vs active euthanasia
passive: treatment withheld
active: death deliberately induced
goal of hospice
pain free death
kubler-ross’s stages in response to terminal diagnosis
denial and isolation anger barganing acceptance depression
current trend reading funerals in the Us
funerals are closed casket and for mourning
memorials are for celebrations and no casket
