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Anatomy and Physiology I > Exam 3: Muscle Attatchment and Action > Flashcards

Exam 3: Muscle Attatchment and Action Flashcards

1
Q

epicranial aponeurosis → skin of the forehead and eyebrows

Raises eyebrows

A

Frontal Belly of Occipitofrontalis

Raises eyebrows

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2
Q

occipital bone → epicranial aponeurosis

Retracts scalp

A

Occipital belly of Occipitofrontalis

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3
Q

medial wall of the orbit → skin surrounding eyelids

Closes eye (blink)

A

Orbicularis Oculi

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4
Q

encircling the mouth

Compresses and purse lips (kissing)

A

Orbicularis Oris

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5
Q

areolar process of the maxilla & mandible → orbicularis oris

Compress Cheek (whistle)

A

Buccinator

Compress Cheek (whistle)

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6
Q

zygomatic bone → upper edge of the lips

Raises corners of mouth (smiling)

A

Zygomaticus

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7
Q

fascia of deltoid and pectoralis major → skin of cheek and mandible

Pulls lower lips, tense neck skin

A

Platysma

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8
Q

zygomatic bone → mandible

Closes jaw (chew)

A

Masseter

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9
Q

lateral temporal bone → coronoid process mandible

Closes jaw (chew)

A

Temporalis

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10
Q
  • Superior Attatchment- mandible and mastoid process
  • Inferior Attatchment- hyoid bone

Elevates hyoid bone
Depresses mandible

A

Digastric

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11
Q
  • Superior Attatchment- internal surface of mandible
  • Inferior Attatchment- hyoid bone

Elevates hyoid bone as in swallowing

A

Mylohyoid

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12
Q
  • Superior Attatchment- hyoid bone
  • Inferior Attatchment- sternum & medial clavicle

swallowing

A

Sternohyoid

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13
Q
  • Superior Attatchment- Mastoid process
  • Inferior Attatchment- Manubrium & medial clavicle

Bilateral: flex head

Unilateral: flex head s. side, turn head opp. side

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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14
Q
  • Superior Attatchment- Cervical transverse process
  • Inferior Attatchment- Superior surface of 1st & 2nd ribs

Elevates first and second ribs

A

Scalene Muscles

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15
Q
  • Superior Attatchment- Mastoid process, transverse process and spinous process of the cervical thoracic spine
  • Inferior Attatchment- Iliac crest, sacrum & lumbar spinous process

Unilateral: laterally flex vc
Bilateral: extend vc (maintain posture)

A

Erector Spinae:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Bilateral: extend vc (maintain posture)

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16
Q
  • Superficial Attatchment- spinous process of the vertebra 2 to 4 segments above the inferior attachment
  • Inferior Attatchment- sacrum and transverse process of each vertebraMultifidus

Unilateral: flex and rotate vc
Bilateral: extends vertebral column

A

Multifidus

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17
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- lumbar transverse process
  • Inferior Attatchment- iliac crust

Unilateral: rotates vc to other side
Bilateral: extends vertebral column

A

Quadratus Lumborum

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18
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- Inferior boarder of superior ribs
  • Inferior Attatchment- Superior boarder of inferior ribs

Elevates rib cage

A

External Intercostals

Elevates rib cage

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19
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- Superior boarder of inferior ribs
  • Inferior Attatchment- Inferior boarder of superior ribs

Depresses rib cage

A

Internal Intercostals

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20
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- central tendon
  • Inferior Attatchment- Xyphoid process internal surface of ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae

Increases and decreases thoracic volume

A

Diaphragm

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21
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- Xiphoid process
  • Inferior Attatchment- Pubic symphysis

Flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall

A

Rectus Abdominus

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22
Q

inferior border of a rib 5 – 12 →
linea Alba by aponeurosis

Unilat.: lat. flex and rotate vcExternal Obliques

Bilat.: flex vc & compress abdom. wall

A

External Obliques

Bilat.: flex vc & compress abdom. wall

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23
Q

lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, iliac crest → linea Alba, pubic crest, rib 9 to 12

Same as the external oblique

A

Internal Oblique

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24
Q

lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, rib 7-12→ linea Alba, pubic crest

Compresses abdominal wall

A

Transversus Abdominus

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25
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- coracoid process of scapula
  • Inferior Attatchment- rib 3-5

protract scapula

A

Pectoralis Minor

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26
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- anterior medial border of scapula
  • Inferior Attatchment- anterior rib 1- 8

protracts scapula

A

Serratus Anterior

protracts scapula

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27
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- *Medial: Occiput,
    spinous process of C7-T12
  • Inferior Attatchment- *Lateral: medial boarder of scapula

Middle: retracts scapula
Lower: depress scapula
Upper: elevates scapula

A

Trapezius

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28
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- *Medial: spinous process of C5-T5
  • Inferior Attatchment- *Lateral: medial boarder of scapula

Retracts scapula

A

Rhomboids

Retracts scapula

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29
Q
  • Superficial Attachment- Transverse process of C1-4
  • Inferior Attatchment- Superior medial boarder of scapula

Elevates Scapula

A

Levator Scapulae

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30
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- T7-12 SPs, lower ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
  • Distal Attatchment- Intertubercular sulcus (humerus)

extends, adducts, medially rotates arm

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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31
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Clavicle and Sternum
  • Distal Attatchment- Intertubercular sulcus
    (humerus)Pectoralis Major

flexes, adducts & medially rotates arm

A

Pectoralis Major

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32
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Lateral clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula
  • Distal Attatchment- Deltoid Tuberosity
    (humerus)Deltoid

Mid: abducts arm
Post: extends arm
Ant: flexes arm

A

Deltoid

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33
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Coracoid process of scapula
  • Distal Attatchment- Middle humerus

Flexes & adducts arm

A

Coracobrachialis

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34
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- inferior lateral scapula
  • Distal Attatchment- Intertubercular sulcus

Extends, medial rotates and adducts arm

A

Teres Major

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35
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
  • Distal Attatchment- Olecranon Process

Extends, adducts arm

A

Triceps Brachii (long head)

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36
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- L: coracoid process
    S: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
  • Distal Attatchment- Radial Tuberosity

Weakly flexes arm

A

Biceps Brachii

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37
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Supraspinous Fossa
  • Distal Attatchment- Greater Tubercle (humerus)

Abducts arm

A

Supraspinatus

38
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Infraspinatus Fossa
  • Distal Attatchment- Greater Tubercle (humerus)

Laterally Rotates arm

A

Infraspinatus

39
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Lateral Border Scapulae
  • Distal Attatchment- Greater Tubercle (humerus)

Laterally Rotates arm

A

Teres Minor

40
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Subscapular Fossa
  • Distal Attatchment- Lesser Tubercle

Medially Rotates arm

A

Subscapularis

41
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- distal anterior surface of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- tuberosity coronoid process of ulna

Forearm Flexion
(Elbow flexion)

A

Brachialis

42
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- L: coracoid process
    S: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
  • Distal Attatchment- Radial Tuberosity

Flexes and the supinates forearm

A

Biceps Brachii

43
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral supracondylar Ridge of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- styloid process of radius

Forearm Flexion

A

Brachioradialis

44
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- L: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
    L & S: superior posterior humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- Olecranon of ulna

Extends forearm
Extends arm (Long head only)

A

Triceps Brachii

45
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- medal epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- Olecranon of ulna

Pronates Forearm

A

Pronator Teres

46
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Distal ulna
  • Distal Attatchment- distal radius

Pronates Forearm

A

Pronator Quadratus

47
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- Anterior lateral surface of radius

Supinates Forearm

48
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- base of metacarpals 2nd and 3rd

Flexes wrist, abducts hand

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

49
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- medial epicondyle of humorous
  • Distal Attatchment- Palmer aponeurosis

Flexes wrist

A

Palmaris Longus

50
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- Pisiform, hamate, metacarpal 5th

Flexes wrist, adducts hand

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

51
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- medial epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- middle phalanges 2- 5

Flexes fingers (2-5) and wrist

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

52
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- anterior shaft of radius
  • Distal Attatchment- distal phalanx of thumb

Flexes Thumb (MP & IP joint)

A

Flexor Pollicis Longus

53
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- anterior medial surface of ulna
  • Distal Attatchment- Distal phalanges of fingers 2-5

Flexes fingers (2-5) and wrist

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

54
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- base of metacarpal II

Extends Wrist

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

55
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- base of metacarpal III

Extends Wrist

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

56
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- distal & middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

Extends Fingers

A

Extensor Digitorum

57
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- proximal phalanx of finger 5

Extends Little Finger

A

Extensor Digiti Minimi

58
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • Distal Attatchment- Base of Metacarpal V

Extends Wrist

A

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

59
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- posterior surface of ulna
  • Distal Attatchment- distal phalanx of thumb

Extends Thumb (MP & IP joints)

A

Extensor Pollicis Longus

60
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- posterior surface of radius
  • Distal Attatchment- proximal phalanx of thumb

Extends Thumb (MP joint)

A

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

61
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- T12-L5 Vertebrae
  • Distal Attatchment- Lesser Trochanter

Flexes thigh

A

Psoas Major

62
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Iliac fossa
  • Distal Attatchment- Lesser Trochanter

Flexes thigh

63
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- ASIS
  • Distal Attatchment- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

flexes thigh; extends leg

A

Rectus Femoris

64
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- ASIS
  • Distal Attatchment- Tibial tuberosity, medial side

Flexes thigh, flexes & medially rotates leg

65
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- proximal dorsal surfaces of radius and ulna
  • Distal Attatchment- lateral metacarpal I

Abduct Thumb

A

Abductor Pollicis Longus

66
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- posterior surface of ulna
  • Distal Attatchment- tendon of extensor digitorum

EXTENDS FINGER 2 (MP, PIP, DIP JOINTS)

A

Extensor Indices

67
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Pubis & Ischial Tuberosity
  • Distal Attatchment- Linea aspera (femur) & Adductor Tubercle

Adducts & flexes thigh

A

Adductor Magnus

68
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Pubis
  • Distal Attatchment- Linea aspera (femur)

Adducts & flexes thigh

A

Adductor Longus

69
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Pubis
  • Distal Attatchment- Upper Linea aspera (femur)

Adducts & flexes thigh

A

Adductor Brevis

70
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Pubis
  • Distal Attatchment- Upper medial surface of tibia

Adducts & flexes thigh

71
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Iliac Crest & ASIS
  • Distal Attatchment- Iliotibial Tract

Flexes and abducts thigh

A

Tensor Fasciae Latae

72
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Iliac crest
  • Distal Attatchment- Lateral condyle of tibia
A

Iliotibial Tract
(Not a Muscle)

73
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Iliac Crest, sacrum, Coccyx
  • Distal Attatchment- iliotibial tract, linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity

Extends & laterally rotates thigh

A

Gluteus Maximus

74
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- posterior iliac Crest
  • Distal Attatchment- Greater trochanter

Abducts, medially rotates thigh

A

Gluteus Medius

75
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral surface of ilium
  • Distal Attatchment- Greater trochanter

Abducts, medially rotates thigh

A

Gluteus Minimus

76
Q
  • Proximal Attachment-
    L: Ischial Tuberosity
    S: Linea Aspera
  • Distal Attatchment- Fibula Head

Flexes leg, extends thigh

A

Biceps Femoris
(Long & short head)

77
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Ischial Tuberosity
  • Distal Attatchment- Medial Proximal Tibia

Flexes leg, extends thigh

A

Semitendinosus

78
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Ischial Tuberosity
  • Distal Attatchment- Medial Proximal Tibia

Flexes leg, extends thigh

A

Semimembranosus

79
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- AIIS
  • Distal Attatchment- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Extends Leg, flexes thigh

A

Rectus Femoris

80
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Greater Trochanter & Linea Aspera
  • Distal Attatchment- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Extends Leg

A

Vastus Lateralis

81
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Intertrochanteric Line and Linea Aspera
  • Distal Attatchment- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Extends Leg

A

Vastus Medialis

82
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Proximal Anterior Lateral Thigh
  • Distal Attatchment- Quadriceps tendon to Patella and then Patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Extends Leg

A

Vastus Intermedius

83
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Lateral Condyle & proximal shaft of tibia
  • Distal Attatchment- Metatarsal I & 1st Cuneiform

Dorsiflexes & inverts foot

A

Tibialis Anterior

84
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of a fibula
  • Distal Attatchment- distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Extends toes; dorsiflexes foot

A

Extensor Digitorum Longus

85
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- anterior surface of fibula
  • Distal Attatchment- distal phalanx of great toe

Extends hallux; dorsiflexes foot

A

Extensor Hallucis Longus

86
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- head and the shaft of fibula
  • Distal Attatchment- Base of the metatarsals

Plantar flexes & everts foot

A

Fibularis Longus & Brevis

87
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Lateral and Medial Condyles of Femur
  • Distal Attatchment- Calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

Flexes leg; plantar flexes foot

A

Gastrocnemius

88
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Proximal Tibia and Fibula
  • Distal Attatchment- Calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

Plantar flexion (Foot)

89
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- Fibula, tibia, interosseous membrane
  • Distal Attatchment- metatarsals, navicular bone, cuboid bone, all cuneiforms

Plantar flexes & Inverts foot

A

Tibialis Posterior

90
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- lateral condyle femur
  • Distal Attatchment- posterior proximal tibia

Flexes Knee (unlocks the knee)

91
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- posterior medial tibia
  • Distal Attatchment- Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Flexes toes, plantar flexes foot

A

Flexor Digitorum Longus

92
Q
  • Proximal Attachment- posterior lower tibia
  • Distal Attatchment- Distal phalanges of great toe

Flexes hallux, plantar flexes foot

A

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Anatomy and Physiology I (4 decks)

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