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Chemistry 141 > Exam 3 Material (Periodic Table, AXE...) > Flashcards

Exam 3 Material (Periodic Table, AXE...) Flashcards

1
Q

Lattice Energy (U)

A

relates to strength of an ionic bond

energy required to decompose 1 MOL of solid ionic compound

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2
Q

Bond Energy

A

D(X-Y)= ΔHO/n

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3
Q

Energy for a Hydrogen atom

A 
En= -RH/n^2 
RH= a constant
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4
Q

ΔE for an e- transition

A

ΔE= RH (1/ni^2- 1/nf^2)

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5
Q

Ephoton equation

A 
Ephoton = hν
h = planck's constant 
ν= frequency
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6
Q

e- configuration for Cr

A

[Ar]4s15d5

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7
Q

paramagnetic

A

having one or more unpaired e-

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8
Q

diamagnetic

A

no unpaired e-

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9
Q

Z*

A

for any atom

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10
Q

Z*

A

nuclear charge felt by an e- in a polyelectron atom

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11
Q

Where do giant changes in IE occur?

A

when there is a change in n value of the removed electrons

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12
Q

IE1

A

successive IE, for any atom, ALWAYs increase

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13
Q

atomic size (r) is proportional to…

A

n^2/Z*

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14
Q

trends in Z*

A

across the table: increase

down the table: constant

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15
Q

Trends in IE1

A

across: increase
down: decrease

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16
Q

l= 4 what subshell?

A

g

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17
Q

l= 3, what subshell?

A

f

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18
Q

l= 2, what subshell?

A

d

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19
Q

l= 1, what sub shell?

A

p

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20
Q

l= 0, what subshell?

A

s

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21
Q

when an e- goes up in energy levels

A

energy is absorbed

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22
Q

when an e- drops down in energy levels

A

energy is emitted

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23
Q

RH (rydberg’s constant)

A

2.18 x 10^-18

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24
Q

planck’s constant (H)

A

6.63 x 10^-34

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25
Q

Most electronegative atom

A

F

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26
Q

velocity of light (c)

A

3.00 x 10^8 m/sec

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27
Q

wavelength equation

A

λ= c/v

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28
Q

total number of orbitals in a shell?

A

n^2

29
Q

number of orbitals in a subshell?

A

(2l +1) (the odd numbers)

30
Q

l relates to..

A

shape of an orbital

31
Q

n relates to..

A

energy and size of an orbital

32
Q

ml relates to…

A

the orientation in space of an orbital

33
Q

ms

A

the spin of an orbital, + or - 1/2

34
Q

Hund’s rule

A

e- in a subshell remain unpaired in separate orbitals with their spins aligned until forced to pair up

35
Q

trends in r (atomic size)

A

across: decrease
down: increase

36
Q

pauli exclusion principle

A

2e- maximum per orbital

37
Q

terminal atoms

A

the atoms attached to the central atom

38
Q

central atom

A

the atom to which all other atoms are bonded to

39
Q

exception to the octet rule (more than an octet)

A

this can occur in elements that are in row 3 or higher

40
Q

electronegativity

A

ability of an atom, in a molecule, to attract e- to itself

41
Q

pauling scale

A

a scale of electronegativity, 0-4 (4 being the most electronegative)

42
Q

AXmEn

A 
A= central atom
X= terminal atom 
m number of terminal atoms 
E= lone pairs on A
n=no. of lone pairs
43
Q

EPA

A

electron pair arrangement (m+n)

44
Q

MG

A

molecular geometry, the arrangement of ATOMS (m)
if n=0 then EPA and MG will match
if n does not = 0 then EPA and MG will not match

45
Q

Bond order

A

No. of X-Y bonds/No. of X-Y atom pairs

46
Q

Bond Length

A

as x-y bond order increases, the bond length decreases

47
Q

least electronegative elements

A

group 1A and 2A

48
Q

exceptions to octet rule (less than octet)

A

if the central atom is from group 1A-3A there will not be an octet (not enough e-)

49
Q

Bond polarity

A

measure of how equally the bond e- pair is shared by 2 atoms in the bond **relates to ΔX

50
Q

Polar Ionic Bonds

A

ΔX is large ex. LiF

51
Q

NonPolar covalent bond

A

ΔX= 0 when X=Y in an X-Y pair

52
Q

polar covalent bond

A

ΔX is small X does not equal Y

53
Q

ΔX

A

ΔX = | X(x)- X(y)|

54
Q

trends in X

A

across: X increases
down: X decreases

55
Q

Isolectronic

A

ions with same e- configuration

56
Q

relationship for U and bond strength

A

The higher U is the stronger the ionic bond

57
Q

e- configuration for Cu

A

[Ar]4s13d10

58
Q

in subshell s, how many e-

A

2e-

59
Q

in subshell p, how many e-

A

6e-

60
Q

in subshell d, how many e-

A

10e-

61
Q

in subshell f, how many e-

A

14e-

62
Q

AX3E2

A

EPA: trigonal bipyramidal MG: T-shaped

63
Q

AX2E3

A

EPA: trigonal bipyramidal MG: linear

64
Q

AX4E

A

EPA: trigonal bipyramidal MG: see-saw

65
Q

angle on tetrahedral

A

109.5

66
Q

angle on trigonal bipyramidal

A 
axis-axis= 180
axis-equatorial = 90
equatorial-equatorial = 120
67
Q

Trigonal Planar, EPA, angle

A 
EPA= 3
angle= 120
68
Q

linear, EPA, angle

A 
EPA= 2
angle= 180
69
Q

octahedral, EPA, angle

A 
EPA= 6
angle= 90

Chemistry 141 (5 decks)

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