Exam 3 Mastery Terms Flashcards
Public speaker; Unites States; 1800 AD
-escaped slavery with her infant
-advocate for abolition + women’s rights movements
Sojourner Truth
Writer; United States; 1800 AD
-escaped slavery and became a national eader of abolition movement
-published autobiography + argued faith of God is different from faith of this land
Fredrick Douglass
Revolution; England > United States; 1700-1800 AD
-led to larger factory production, economic boost, poor work conditions+pay
-led to calls for social and economic reform
Industrial Revolution
Movement; Europe+America; 1800-1900 AD
-attempted to adapt Christianity to fit into scientific revolution + enlightenment
-scripture is not inspired word of God
Modernism
Movement; America; 1900 AD
-argued for traditional Christian beliefs
-used high education to fight modernism (ex. Scopes Trial)
Fundamentalism
Dayton, Tennessee; 1925 AD
-John Scopes put on trial for teaching evolution in public high school > guilty
-Modernism vs Fundamentalism
-Fundamentalism lost popularity in public opinion (“outdated”)
Scopes Trial
War; 1914 - 1918 AD
-1st use of weapons for mass destruction > 10-15 million dead
-industrialized war
-allies vs central powers
World War I
War; 1939-1945 AD
-50-70 million dead
-decolonizing of Africa+Asia
-result of unresolved issues from WWI
-allies vs axis
World War II
Pastor+theologian; Germany; 1900 AD
-openly against Hitler + Nazis
-helped found Confessing Church > critical of it not helping more
-gave up pacifism to go against Hitler
-arrested for planning to kill Hitler > killed 2 years later
Dietrich Bonhoeffer
Astronomer+Physicist; Italy; 1600 AD
-proved that the earth moved around the sun, got him put on trial for heresy
-argued that the Church should not use the Bible to make claims about science
Galileo
Mathematician+Physicist; England; 1600 AD
-uncovered laws of nature that changed how the physical world was understood
-proposed universal gravitation which explained orbits
Isaac Newton
Revolution; 1500-1600 AD
-changed to world of knowledge
-laid foundation for modern science and technology
Scientific Revolution
Philosopher; Germany; 1700 AD
-said enlightenment is about power of reason
-argued for natural rights of all humans… but was very racist
Immanuel Kant (Kunt)
Movement; 1600-1700 AD
-age of reason
-wanted rational explanations of economics, politics, education, and religion
-challenged authority of church and monarchy
The Enlightenment
Mathematician+Philosopher; France; 1600 AD
-used method of doubt to prove that he must exist, built on from there
-argued for faith that is rational and proven
Rene Descartes
Philosopher; England; 1600 AD
-created idea of state of nature where government does not exist… people must give up some freedom to gain security
-argued people have right to create a better government
John Locke
Writer; England; 1700 AD
-argued women could be equal to men if given the same education and opportunities
-used enlightenment idea of reason to argue for equality
Mary Wollstonecraft
Writer; Nigeria + England; 1700 AD
-bought his own freedom… wrote autobiography in which he described details of slavery
-had large impact on abolishment of British Slave Trade (1807)
Olaudah Equiano
Religion; Europe + America; 1700 AD
-belief that God created the world… but does not interact with it
-grows from scientific revolution and wars of religion
Deism
Movement; Germany; 1600 AD
-focused on small group study and Christian practice
-played major role in shaping movements that led to religious awakenings
Pietism
Preacher; England; 1700 AD
-founded Methodism as revival within Church of England
-called for balance between faith and reason
John Wesley
