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Gross 1 (Upper Arm) > Exam 3 Lower Limb > Flashcards

Exam 3 Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve roots of iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nn

A

VPR L1

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2
Q

Nerve roots of lateral femoral cutaneous

A

VPR L2-L3

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3
Q

Nerve roots of femoral n

A

Posterior divisions of VPR L2-4

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4
Q

Nerve roots of the genitofemoral n

A

VPR L1-2

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5
Q

Nerve roots of obturator n

A

Anterior divisions of VPR L2-4

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6
Q

Nerve roots of lumbosacral trunk

A

VPR L4-5

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7
Q

Nerve roots of superior gluteal n

A

Posterior divisions of L4-S1

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8
Q

Nerve roots of inferior gluteal n

A

Posterior divisions of VPR L5-S2

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9
Q

Nerve roots of the posterior femoral cutaneous n

A

Anterior and posterior divisions of VPR S1-3

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10
Q

Nerve roots of sciatic nerve

A

Anterior and posterior division of VPR L4-S3

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11
Q

Nerve roots of Pudendal n

A

Anterior divisions VPR S2-4

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12
Q

Nerve root of nerve to quadratus

A

Anterior divisions of VPR L4-S1

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13
Q

Nerve root of the nerve to obturator internus

A

Posterior divisions of VPR L5-S2

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14
Q

What are symptoms of a fracture to the femoral neck

A

Limb laterally rotated and shortened

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15
Q

What is a possible result of a fracture to the femoral neck

A

Proximal avascular necrosis due to disruption of blood supply from medial femoral circumflex artery

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16
Q

What is the locational difference between a intertrochanteric fracture and a fracture of the femoral neck

A

Intertrochanteric: extracapsular
Femoral neck: intracapsular
Location and availability of blood supply due to location dramatically changes healing time

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17
Q

What is the result of a posterior dislocation of the hip joint

A

Possible injury to sciatic nerve:
paralysis of hamstrings and everything distal to knee
Loss of sensation over postolateral leg and most of foot

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18
Q

What is the result of a anterior dislocation of the hip joint

A

My damage femoral nerve:
Paralysis of sartorius and quads
Loss of sensation to medial leg and foot

19
Q

What is the result of an injury to the superior gluteal nerve

A

Gluteal Gait: weakened ABD and MR of thigh listing of body and limb becomes “too long” and patient is unable to walk with foot clearing the ground
Positive Trendelenburg test

20
Q

What is the result of an injury to the sciatic n in the gluteal region

A

Usually damaged on the medial side
Compression: pain radiating from buttock down leg
Complete lesion: leg basically becomes useless, only able to use muscles supplied by the saphenous n

21
Q

What is an intermittent claudication

A

Blockage of femoral, popliteal, or posterior tibial artery

Causes ischemia to muscles during exercise

22
Q

What is the result of an injury to the femoral nerve

A

Weakened flexion of thigh, loss of leg extension, loss of sensation to medial thigh
Difficulty walking up uphill or stairs

23
Q

Where are femoral hernias most likely to occur

A

Protrudes through femoral ring into the femoral canal compressing everything

24
Q

What are symptoms of a torn hamstring

A

Extreme pain, bruising and tearing of muscle tissue, usually the semimembronosus

25
Q

What likely will be injured with a blow to the lateral side of an extended knee

A

The “unhappy triad”
Ruptured TCL
concomitant tearing of medial meniscus
Tearing of ACL

26
Q

Which direction does the tibia slide after a tear of the ACL

A

Tibia is free to slide anteriorly under fixed femur

27
Q

Which direction does the tibia move with a PCL tear.

A

Tibia is free to slide posterior under fixed femur

28
Q

What is Q-angle in the knee

A

Femur diagonal in thigh, while tibia is almost vertical in leg

29
Q

What is genu varum

A

Bowleg

Small q angle

30
Q

What is genu valgum

A

Knock knee

Large q angle

31
Q

What is compartment syndrome

A

Increased pressure in confined anatomical spaces effects circulation

32
Q

What is a tibialis anterior strain

A

Shin splints

Result from repetitive micro trauma to to tibialis anterior m causing small tears to periosteum

33
Q

What is the result of an injury to the deep fibulae nerve

A

Know as ski boot syndrome
High lesion: dorsiflexion, inversion, and sensory loss to 1-2 toes
Low lesion: pain in dorsum of foot, and sensory loss to 1-2 toes

34
Q

What can cause a fracture of the 5th metatarsal

A

Sudden violent inversion of ankle, causes fibulae is brevis to fracture or avulse 5th metatarsal

35
Q

What is the result of an injury to the superficial fibular nerve

A

Weakened eversion (foot would invert with dorsiflexion) and sensory loss over anterolateral leg and dorsum of foot

Caused by chronic ankle sprains that stretch the nerve

36
Q

What are the results of a calcaneal tendon rupture

A

Inability to plantarflex against resistance

37
Q

What are the results of a injury to the tibia n in the popliteal fossa

A

Paralyzes flexors in leg
Paralyzes intrinsic muscles of plantar foot
Sensation to sole of foot is lost

38
Q

What is the result of an injury to the tibial n at the ankle

A

Loss of intrinsic muscles of plantar foot

Loss of sensation over sole of foot

39
Q

What is the result of an injury to the common fibular n

A

Flaccid paralysis of all muscles anterior and lateral compartments of the leg
Foot drop: Loss of dorsiflexion
Limb becomes “too long”

40
Q

What are the three gaits associated with a injury to the common fibular n

A

Steppage gait
Waddling gait
Swing out gait

41
Q

What is the cause of varicose veins

A

Valves become damaged, and no longer function properly causing veins to be dilated thick and rope like

42
Q

What is the result of an ankle sprain

A

Anterior talofibular l. most commonly torn
Severe sprain may injure calcaneofibular l.
May also fracture the lateral malleolus

43
Q

What is the name for and result of a ankle dislocation fracture

A

Potts fracture
Avulses medial malleolus, causes talus to move lateral shearing off lateral malleolus or breaks fibula. Posterior margin of tibia is also sheared off by talus
Trimalleolar fracture

44
Q

What is pes planus

A

Flat feet, disappearance of medial longitudinal arch

Gross 1 (Upper Arm) (2 decks)

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