Exam 3 Grammar Flashcards
When in general is the imperfect tense used?
describing habitual actions in the past tense
descriptions of things/people
describing context/situations
What tense do you use when describing age in past tense?
imperfect
What tense do you use when describing emotional and mental states?
imperfect
What tense do you use when describing time and weather?
imperfect
Which tense do you use for two simulataneous events?
imperfect
Which tense do you use when something is interrupting something else?
the imperfect and then switch to the passato prossimo
What are words that indicate the imperfect?
da bambino/a normalmente sempre spesso di solito tutti prima mentre (then followed by passato prossimo)
Explain why “ieri stavo bene” is in the imperfect?
because you are describing a mental state, despite having a specific time
When do you use the passato prossimo in general?
to describe ACTIONS that took place in the past, but are not habitual
Which tense do you use to talk about actions that occurred in a sequence?
passato prossimo
What do you need to be careful of with mentre
The first verb after mentre always uses the imperfect; however, the second verb after mentre can be imperfect or passato prossimo
It is passato prossimo if interrupting
It is imperfect if occurring at the same time
What phrases often indicate the passato prossimo?
a AGE anni AGE anni fa una volta ma da quando a specific length of time (ex: due settimana fa)
Explain why the sentence is conjugated as follows: Carla è andata via da Napoli quando aveva due anni
First, you use è andata cause we are specifying a specific length of time “quando aveva due anni”
Second, you use aveva because we are describing age
How do you often conjugate chiamare in the past tense?
often use the imperfect since it describes people
Which 4 verbs are irregular in the imperfect?
essere
bere
dire
fare
Essere conjugation in imperfect
ero eri era eravamo eravate erano
Bere conjugation in imperfect
bevevo bevevi beveva bevevamo bevevate bevevano
Dire conjugation in imperfect
dicevo dicevi diceva dicevamo dicevate dicevano
fare conjugation in imperfect
facevo facevi faceva facevamo facevate facevano
What auxillary verb do viaggare and visitare use?
avere
When using “stare bene” how do you use it correctly?
It is similar to piacere
So to say you looked good in the jacket you say: La giacca mi sta bene
How do you say he looks good in the pants?
I pantaloni gli stanno bene
What are the two things you need to note when using “stare bene”
Make sure to conjugate stare according to the article of clothing (sta / stanno)
Make sure to use the correct INDIRECT object pronoun
What do you need to be careful of when using piacere?
Make sure to convert to piacciono if plural
What are the reflexive pronouns?
mi ti si ci vi si
What are the indirect object pronouns?
mi ti gli / le ci vi gli
When do we use indirect object pronouns?
to replace nouns which are preceded by “a”
What are the direct object pronouns?
mi ti lo / la ci vi li / le
What do you have to be careful of when using third person SINGULAR articles
Need to drop the vowel and add an apostrophe before words that start with a vowel or “h”
When do you use “ne”
Ne is the pronoun you use when something is countable
Ex: quanto ne vuole?
How do you conjugate reflexive verbs in passato prossimo?
use the correct article, conjugate essere, and change ending of verb accordingly
How do you conjugate reflexive verbs in imperfect?
use the correct pronoun and then just conjugate like regular imperfect
What do possessive adjectives agree with?
the subject you are talking about
What does parente me?
relative, not a parent
When do you not use an article with possessive adjectives?
When speaking about singular family members, with the exception of loro
How do you say their sister versus his sister?
la loro sorella
sua sorella
