Exam 3 Flashcards
What molecular orbital diagram do you use for O2 and F2?
pi bonds are above the sigma bond
What molecular orbital diagram do you use for B2, C2, and N2?
The pi bonds are UNDER the sigma bond.
What do you use to get the number of electrons of an individual atom/ion in a COMPLETE molecular orbital diagram?
total number of electrons
When creating a molecular orbital diagram for a diatomic ion…
add/subtract the electron(s) to the TOTAL number of electrons in the molecule
In a neutral substance, oxidation is…
zero
For ions, the oxidation number…
is the charge of the ion.
When H is combined with a more electronegative element, its oxidation number is…
+1
When H is combined with a less electronegative element, its oxidation number is…
-1
Elements in group 7 have an oxidation # of -1 when they are combined with…
a less electronegative element
The LEAST electronegative element is assigned…
a positive oxidation number
If the #mol and temperature are constant… (and what Law is this?)
pressure is inversely proportional to volume; Boyle’s Law
When #mol and volume are constant…(what law is this?)
temperature is proportional to pressure; Amonton’s Law
When #mol and pressure are constant… (what law is this?)
temperature is proportional to volume
When temperature and pressure are constant… (what law is this?)
mol is proportional to volume; Avogadro’s Law
When temperature and volume are constant…
pressure is proportional to #mol
Boyle’s Law in terms of KMT? (think about what it is first)
P is inversely proportional to V
Compression of the container INCREASES the #collisions, which INCREASES pressure
Amonton’s Law in terms of KMT? (think about what it is first)
T is proportional to P;
increase in temperature INCREASES velocity, which INCREASES KE, which INCREASES #collisions, which INCREASES pressure
Charles’s Law in terms of KMT? (think about what the law is first)
T is proportional to volume;
increase in temperature INCREASES velocity, which INCREASES KE, which increases #collisions, which INCREASES volume.
Avogadro’s Law in terms of KMT? (think about what the law is first)
mol is proportional to volume;
increase in #mol (amount of gas) INCREASES #collisions which INCREASES the volume
If the force of a gas is GREATER than the force of atmospheric pressure in a manometer, how do you find the gas pressure?
ADD the amount of pressure (in mmHg) to the height
If the force of gas is LESS than the force of atmospheric pressure in a manometer, how do you find the gas pressure?
amount of pressure (mmHg) subtracted by height
1 atm =
760 torr
How do convert degrees Celsius to Kelvin?
add 273.15 to the temperature measured in degrees Celsius
What is the ideal gas law?
PV = nRT
A solid has _____ shape and a ______ volume.
fixed, fixed
A liquid has a _______ shape and a _______ volume.
variable, fixed
A gas has a _______ shape and a ______ volume.
variable, variable
When naming a polyatomic acid that consists of a polyatomic ion ending with -ate…
change the ending to -ic
When naming a polyatomic acid that consists of a polyatomic ion ending with -ite…
change the ending to -ous
Per -ate ions have…
one MORE oxygen than the -ate ions
-ite ions have…
one LESS oxygen than the -ate ion
hypo -ite ions have…
TWO LESS oxygens than the -ate ions
What is the vapor pressure of water?
23.8 Torr
What is the trend for metallic character on the periodic table?
increase down a group, decrease across a period
