Exam 3 Flashcards
C. Wright Mills
the founder of modern conflict theory. In his work, he believes social structures are created because of conflict between differing interests. People are then impacted by the creation of social structures, and the usual result is a differential of power between the “elite” and the “others”
Karl Marx
was one of the few social scientists whose main focus of his work was social class. He believed that one’s social class determined one’s social lifestyle. During his time, Marx became increasingly involved in the plight of the working poor.
Max Weber
perhaps best known of his work on the Protestant Ethic and the spirit of Capitalism. His views have been much debated but the key idea in Weber was that there was a link between the size of capitalism and an ethos of self-control associated with Protestant Reformation.
Credentialization
a reliance on formal qualifications or certifications to determine whether someone is permitted to undertake a task, speak as an expert or work in a certain field.
Cultural Capital
the accumulation of knowledge, behavior, and skills that a person can tap into to demonstrate one’s cultural competence and social status.
Formal Education
an organized and regulated system of education, which follows a curriculum and awards recognized academic certificates or degrees.
Hidden Curriculum
a hidden curriculum is a set of lessons “which we learned but not openly intended” to be taught in school such as norms, values, and beliefs conveyed in both the classroom and social environment
Primary Groups
a group in which one exchanges implicit items such as love, caring, concern, support, etc. Examples of these would be family groups, love relationships, crisis support groups, and church groups.
Tracking
the process of differentiating individuals school experiences though the grouping of students for institutional purposes based on actual or assumed differences in academic development or interests
Power
In social science and politics, power is the social production of an effect that determines the capacities, actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force by one actor against another, but may also be extended through diffuse means
Authoritarian
a political system characterized by a controlling government and the rejection of democracy, human rights, and political plurality. It involves the use of strong central power to preserve the status quo and reductions in the rule of law, separation of powers, and democratic voting.
Democratic
The name of this leadership style is derived from the word “democracy” which means “run by the people.” Democratic leaders welcome and value other’s input, rely heavily on team participation, and facilitate discussions that enable multiple mentors of their group to weigh in on decisions.
Expressive Leaders
an expressive leader is a manager who focuses on building relationships between all team members, including themselves and their employees. Expressive leaders work to build friendships and strong relationships with employees to ensure all team members feel supported, motivated, and appreciated.
Authority
In the fields of sociology and political science, authority is the legitimate power of a person or group over other people. In a civil state, authority is practiced by the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. In the exercise governance, the terms authority and power are inaccurate synonyms.
Democracy
a system in which state power is vested in the people or the general population of the state.
