Exam 3 (FINAL EXAM) Flashcards
What is a disorder?
An impairment(s) in daily functioning
Pros and cons of DSM-V
Pros (struggling to find this in notes):
-Used to justify payment and treatment
-Consistent with diagnoses used by medical doctors worldwide
Cons:
-Calls too many people “disordered”
-Border between diagnoses seem arbitrary
-Decisions about what is a disorder seem to include value judgments
-Diagnostic labels direct how we view and interpret the world
Anxiety disorders
GAD
Panic disorder
Phobia, agoraphobia, social phobia
OCD
PTSD
Mood disorders
MDD
SAD
Bipolar disorder
Schizophrenia
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Emotional-cognitive symptoms include worrying, having anxious feelings & thoughts about many things, and sometimes having “free-floating” anxiety with no attachment to any subject
Panic disorder
Repeated and unexpected panic attacks, as well as a huge fear of the next panic attack
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
A mix of obsessions and compulsions.
Obsessions: intense, unwanted worries, ideas, and images that repeatedly pop up in the mind
Compulsions: repeated strong feeling of “needing” to carry out an action, even though it doesn’t feel like it makes sense
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
At least 4 weeks to lifetime of the following:
Repeated intrusive recall of traumatic memories
Nightmares and other re-experiences
Social withdrawal or phobic avoidance
Jumpy anxiety or hypervigliance
Insomnia or sleep problems
Major depressive disorder (MDD)
Must include one/both of the following for a min. of 2 weeks:
-Depressed mood most of the day
-Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities
Include at least 3 of the following:
-Significant increase or decrease in appetite or weight
-Insomnia, sleeping too much, or disrupted sleep
-Physical agitation
-Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day
-Worthlessness or excessive/inappropriate guilt
-Daily problems in thinking, concentrating, and/or making decisions
-Recurring thoughts of death and suicide
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Recurring seasonal pattern of depression, usually during winter’s short, dark, and cold days
Bipolar disorder
Mix of depression and mania
Mania (in bipolar disorder)
Period of hyper-elevated mood that is euphoric, giddy, easily irritated, hyperactive, impulsive, overly optimistic, and even grandiose
Schizophrenia
Disorder with the following symptoms:
Disorganized thinking (delusions)
Disturbed perceptions (hallucinations)
Diminished and unusual emotions, including flat affect
Onset and course
Onset and development of Schizophrenia
Onset: typically, schizophrenic symptoms appear at the end of adolescence and in early adulthood (later for women than men)
Development: course of schizophrenia can be acute/reactive or chronic
Positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia
Positive (presence of problematic behaviors):
-Hallucinations
-Delusions
-Disorganized thoughts and nonsensical speech
-Bizarre behaviors
Negative (absence of healthy behaviors):
-Flat affect
-Reduced social interaction
-No feeling of enjoyment (Anhedonia)
-Less motivation, initiative, focus (Avolition)
-Speaking less (Alogia)
-Moving less (Catatonia)
