Exam 3 Ethics Christianity Flashcards
How does Christian incorporate ethics?
Through faith; one who believes falsely is immoral. Moral uprightness required fro salvation.
How is moral perfection achieved? What biblical story demonstrates this?
Self-renunciation; the story of the young and the rich man
What are the four stages of the christian attitude to the world?
1) total opposition
2) limited accommodation
3) transformation of the “other”
4) hostility
What two objectives developed early ethics?
1) Building Christian character by the deeds and sayings of Christ
2) Creating barriers against the world
What are the key christian ethical values?
1) militant orderliness
2) asceticism and devotion
3) charity
What is Martyrdom?
an imitation of Christ, that cannot be actively pursued but must be accepted. A result of life in the Roman Empire.
Who viewed virginity and celibacy to an extreme?
Marcionites and Montanists
What does virginity and celibacy make one receptive to?
The celestial realm.
What is monasticism?
An idea of solitude and seclusion with Jesus as a model.
What did the eremitics do to contemplate god?
Utilization of self control, abstinence. Especially abstinence from comfort.
Who was Symeon Stylites?
A person of the eremitic type who chained himself to a pillar for 37 years.
Who were the eremitic type?
“desert hermits”
What defines the cenobitic type + how is it governed?
A communal group of various sizes lead with an abbot and a written rule.
What are the three vows of the cenobitic type?
1) poverty
2) chastity
3) obedience
Why was the cenobitic type popular?
To balance the worldliness of the church
What were the ethics for the laity?
Piety and the 10 commandments
What are the two groups of virtues?
1) The Cardinal Virtues
-prudence, temperance, fortitude, justice
2) The Theological Virtues
-faith, hope, love
What are the vices (7 deadly sins)?
Pride, envy, greed, anger, lust, gluttony, sloth
What are mortal sins and where do they lead?
Grave acts that are conscious and deliberate. Leads to hell.
What are venial sins?
Less grave acts that require less awareness and intention. Leads to purgatory.
What is the difference between purgatory and hell?
Purgatory is more like jail time, sentence-able. Hell is eternal.
What is obligatory for repentance?
Confession, extracted by confession manuals.
What commandments do confession manuals target?
1st, 2nd, 3rd
The protestant reformation said what about salvation?
Salvation is through god’s grace alone, not works of righteousness.
What were the three consequences of protestant belief in predestination?
-elimination of confession
-devaluation of monasticism and celibacy
-denial of purgatory
How did the protestant reformation change Christian Ethics?
It made them stricter. Works flowed from salvation, they don’t cause them.
What was a formed morally rigorous society from the protestant reformation?
Calvin’s Geneva
What principles did the Anabaptists follow?
separatist communities with non-violence as a main feature.
Who is excluded from Anabaptist non-violence?
the Munster Anabaptists in their takeover of new Jerusalem.
How did the Munster Anabaptists end?
Catholic siege.
How did motivation shift in modern christianity?
Fear of hell -> happiness and knowledge of God
What is the womanist critique?
black women say the struggle for black liberation and the gospel of Jesus is led by men.
Who is James Cone-minister?
Leader of the black theology movement.
